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Biomedical subjects

T Murase

Publications and source records attributed to T Murase.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[A case of leiomyoblastoma probably derived from the renal capsule].

A 45-year-old female visited our Department on February 7, 1986, with the principal complaint of swelling in the right upper abdomen. She was hospitalized on February 20. Ultrasonography, DIP, CT and right renal arteriography were performed. On March 10, the right kidney was extirpated transabdominally. The extirpated kidney weighed 1.2 kg and tightly adhered to the renal capsule. The kidney included a solid, yellowish white, homogeneous tumor. There was also a cyst outside of the tumor. The tumor was limited within, and easily separated from, Gerota's fascia. Pathological diagnosis revealed that the tumor was a leiomyoblastoma originated from the blood vessel. On March 26, postoperative VAC therapy (1 mg vincristine; 300 mg cyclophosphamide; 2 mg actinomycin D) was performed, and the patient was released from the hospital on April 8. As of August of 1987, no relapse of the disease has been detected. There have been very few reports of leiomyoblastoma in Japan. Whether leiomyoblastoma might take a malignant course was investigated to some extent on the basis of the reported literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis originating from a functional solitary kidney associated with renal stones].

A 60-year-old man was hospitalized because of multiple bilateral renal stones and macrohematuria. The right kidney was not functioning, and the left kidney showed marked hydronephrosis. Left renal stones were treated by percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Several months later, squamous cell carcinoma of the treated renal pelvis was diagnosed. Although the patient was treated by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, he died of renal failure.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1987

High-cholesterol diet-induced lipoproteins stimulate lipoprotein lipase secretion in cultured rat alveolar macrophages.

We have previously shown that cultured rat alveolar macrophages synthesize and secrete lipoprotein lipase into the medium. The purpose of the present experiments is to examine whether cholesterol-enriched lipoproteins from cholesterol-fed animals have any effects on the lipoprotein lipase secretion and the lipid accumulation in macrophages. Macrophages incubated with the VLDL obtained from rats fed a normal diet secreted 2-fold higher amounts of lipoprotein lipase than those without lipoproteins. Intermediate-, low- and very-low-density lipoproteins from rats fed a high-cholesterol diet also enhanced the lipoprotein lipase secretion. Normal high- and low-density lipoproteins, and high-density lipoproteins from hypercholesterolemic animals did not cause any increase in the lipoprotein lipase secretion. The lipoproteins which stimulated the lipoprotein lipase secretion caused intracellular accumulation of both triacylglycerol and cholesterol. It is speculated that macrophages residing in the environment rich in lipoproteins, especially hypercholesterolemic lipoproteins, take them up and accumulate lipids intracellularly, and that this process links with the lipoprotein lipase secretion. The secreted lipoprotein lipase could facilitate, by degrading lipoproteins, the uptake of lipoprotein lipase-modified lipoproteins. Probably such a series of events is of importance in the foam cell formation of macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Lipoprotein lipase activity in ischaemic and anoxic myocardium.

Myocardial lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity during ischaemia has not been fully understood, although it plays an important role in regulating myocardial fatty acid metabolism. In this experiment, the effects of ischaemia (Experiment A) and anoxia (Experiment B) on two distinct fractions of LPL, i.e. functional and nonfunctional forms were investigated in isolated, perfused rat heart. In Experiment A, hearts were perfused by Neely-Morgan working heart mode with Krebs Henseleit bicarbonate (KHB) buffer (95% O2:5% CO2), then whole heart ischaemia was induced by using a one-way aortic valve, simultaneously switching to the same buffer but containing heparin (5 mu/ml) for 20 min. In Experiment B, the hearts were perfused by Langendorff method with KHB buffer (95% O2:5% CO2) and the buffer was switched to KHB (95% N2:5% CO2) containing heparin for 20 min. Coronary effluent was collected at 5 min intervals and used for the measurement of functional LPL activities using 3H-glyceryltrioleate. The hearts were quickly frozen at the end of perfusion and homogenized. The suspension was used for the measurement of non-functional LPL activities. In Experiment A, functional LPL activities in ischaemia were significantly lower than in the aerobic condition. On the contrary, the nonfunctional LPL activity in ischaemia was significantly higher than in the aerobic condition. In Experiment B these values were also significantly lower than in the aerobic condition. However, there was no significant difference in non-functional LPL activity between the anoxia and aerobic condition. These results indicate that there is a conversion defect from the precursor of LPL to the functional form of LPL in ischaemia, whereas disturbed LPL synthesis might be involved in anoxic myocardium.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Human recombinant TNF suppresses lipoprotein lipase activity and stimulates lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been reported to be identical to "cachectin," a monokine which we have previously proposed as a mediator of the enhanced catabolism observed in patients or animals responding to various invasive stimuli such as infections. Detailed quantitative studies were conducted on the effects of TNF on fatty acid metabolism in 3T3-L1 cells in order to explore the extent of the catabolic effects exerted by TNF compared with those by the crude cachectin. 3T3-L1 adipocytes responded to recombinant human TNF, showing a decrease in LPL activity and an increase in intracellular lipolysis. When TNF in the crude cachectin preparation was completely neutralized with anti-TNF antibody, about 75% of LPL suppression activity in the crude cachectin was absorbed, indicating that most of the mediator responsible for LPL suppression in the crude preparation is TNF. In contrast to the above effect on LPL, TNF markedly increased the lipolysis of stored fat in the cells. The effect on LPL was observed as early as 2 h after the addition of TNF, but enhancement of lipolysis required a time lag of at least 3 h before any increase of glycerol release became apparent. The effective concentrations of TNF for the stimulation of lipolysis were much higher (2.5 to 49 nM) than those for LPL suppression (50 pM to 50 nM), but both were in the same range as the concentration required for tumoricidal effect. These results demonstrate that cachectin is synonymous with TNF and that it plays an important role in the pathophysiology of deranged lipid metabolism through both suppression of LPL and enhancement of lipolysis in patients coping with invasive conditions such as infections.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1987

Epithelial membrane antigen as an immunohistochemical marker for transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) was immunohistochemically localized in transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder to clarify EMA staining pattern's relationship to the histological grading and staging of tumors and patient prognosis. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from 101 patients with bladder carcinoma were stained by the indirect immunoperoxidase method. In the lower histological grade and stage of transitional cell carcinoma, the localization of EMA was restricted to the luminal surface of the superficial cells. Membrane and cytoplasmic staining of EMA was frequently found in the intermediate and basal layers of the tumor cells, and the incidence of cytoplasmic staining increased with advancing grade and stage. Stromal staining was frequently observed in cases of higher grade and stage. In addition, these distribution patterns of EMA were well correlated with patient survival. Thus, we differentiated three types of EMA distribution: a luminal type, with very good prognosis; a cytoplasmic type, with fair prognosis; and a stromal type, with relatively poor prognosis. These findings suggest that EMA distribution in bladder cancer could be a valuable indicator for histological grading or staging in pathological diagnosis and for predicting the survival of bladder cancer patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from the renal capsule: report of a case.

We report a case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from the renal capsule. The tumor was found during screening ultrasonography. Surgical excision and adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin and actinomycin D were performed. There has been no recurrence as of 2 years and 4 months after the operation. We reviewed the 5 other cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from the renal capsule.

Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous↗
PubMed1987

Multivariate evaluation of prognostic determinants in bladder cancer patients.

To clarify the relative importance of factors affecting the survival of patients with bladder cancer, a multivariate analysis by Cox's proportional hazards model was performed on 264 patients initially treated from 1973 to 1984 at Nagoya University Hospital. Clinicopathological data included in the analysis were sex, age, symptoms, interval from onset of symptoms to first consultation, smoking history and tumor characteristics (location, size, number, shape, histological grade and stage). The analysis revealed that stage is the most statistically significant determinant for survival, followed by size, irritative symptoms, age and grade in this order. The model composed of the above five determinants yielded hazard ratios of: 4.6 for stage (pT2-pT4 vs. pTa-pT1); 3.1 for size (greater than 3 vs. less than or equal to 3 cm); 2.5 for irritative bladder symptoms (present vs. absent); 2.7 for age (70 years or more vs. younger), and 2.1 for grade (high grade vs. low grade tumors). We conclude that these findings quantitatively confirm previous clinical impressions that accurate staging of the tumors is most important for improving the prognosis of bladder cancer patients, and that each of the above five determinants should be considered when planning an effective initial treatment regimen.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Effect of malotilate (diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate) on drug metabolizing activity in rat liver microsomes.

The effect of malotilate (diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate) on drug metabolizing activity in rat liver microsomes was examined. Malotilate (500 mg/kg/day) was administered orally to rats for 3 days. The contents of cytochrome P-450 (P-450) and cytochrome b5 (b5), the activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, and the metabolization of aniline, aminopyrine, benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) and 7-ethoxycoumarin (7-EC) in the microsomal fraction were examined 24 hr after the final administration of malotilate. The content of b5 and the activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase were increased by the malotilate treatment, but the content of P-450 was not significantly affected. 7-EC O-deethylation was markedly and aminopyrine N-demethylation was moderately enhanced; in contrast, aniline hydroxylation was significantly and B(a)P hydroxylation was slightly reduced. Such different effects of malotilate among the four substrate-metabolizing activities may be due mainly to the increase in the content of b5, which participates in the transport of the second electron required for P-450 function to various extents. It is also possible that malotilate affects the population of P-450 subtypes, each having a different substrate specificity and a different affinity for b5.

Aminopyrine↗
PubMed1987

Predominant suppression of neutrophil colony growth by recombinant human tumor necrosis factor.

To investigate the suppressive effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rH-TNF) on colony growth of human granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM), cytochemical examinations of CFU-GM colonies were performed by a triple staining method. Each colony was classified into five subtypes, and the effects of rH-TNF on each subtype were analyzed. Neutrophil colony growth was inhibited by rH-TNF in a dose-dependent manner, and it was almost completely suppressed at 100 U/ml. In contrast, no significant suppressive effect of rH-TNF was found on the growth of monocyte-macrophage and eosinophil colonies at 100 U/ml or less. When recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor which almost exclusively stimulates neutrophil colony formation was used as a source of colony-stimulating activity, the total colony growth was almost completely suppressed by 100 U/ml of rH-TNF. These results indicate predominant inhibition of neutrophil colony growth by rH-TNF.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Treatment of advanced testicular cancer].

Two patients with stage II, 12 patients with stage III advanced testicular cancer, were treated with a combination of CDDP, vinblastine and bleomycin. Four of the cases (28.6%) achieved a complete response and 6 (42.9%) achieved a partial response. The over all response rate was 71.4%. After CR, 2 cases (50%) showed relapse. Although the treatment confirms some efficacy of the drug regimen, the prognosis is poor in bulky metastasis. Early induction therapy with etoposide is necessary in cases of high volume metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Insulin increases triglyceride secretion rate in rats in vivo.

To investigate whether insulin regulates triglyceride secretion from the liver in vivo, triglyceride secretion rate (TGSR) and serum insulin were measured in the following three experiments: in rats 12 weeks after ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) lesions (Exp. 1), in rats 12 weeks after a high fat diet-feeding (Exp. 2), and in rats 10 days after streptozotocin treatment (65 mg/kg) (Exp. 3). Under hexobarbital anesthesia, overnight fasted rats were bled for measuring insulin and triglyceride. Rats were again bled 45 and 90 minutes after Triton WR 1339 (120 mg) injection, for measuring triglyceride. TGSR was calculated from serum triglyceride values measured before and after Triton injection. In Exp. 1, VMH obese rats had higher serum insulin concentrations and TGSR than control rats. There was a significantly positive correlation between serum insulin concentrations and TGSR in VMH lesioned rats alone (r = 0.939, P less than 0.001) and in VMH lesioned and control rats combined (r = 0.958, P less than 0.001). In Exp. 2, high fat diet-fed rats gained more weight than control rats, but they had the same levels of serum insulin concentrations and TGSR as those of control rats. In Exp. 3, streptozotocin treated rats had lower serum insulin concentrations and TGSR than control rats. There was a significantly positive correlation between serum insulin concentrations and TGSR in the two groups of rats combined (r = 0.680, P less than 0.05). From the results of these three sets of in vivo studies, we conclude that insulin increases TGSR in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Recurrence of transitional cell carcinoma in the left pelvis and ureter, and ileal conduit after total cystectomy: a case report].

A 63-year-old male with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder underwent total cystectomy. Five years later sequential excretory urography and urinary cytologic examination revealed tumor recurrence in the left pelvis and ureter; left nephroureterectomy was performed in July, 1984. In December, 1985, he complained of macrohematuria and urinary cytology was positive. Ileal conduitgraphy showed filling defects at the bilateral uretero-ileal anastomosis, where two papillary lesions were disclosed by endoscopic examination. In January, 1986, total extirpation of the ileal conduit and reconstruction of a new ileal conduit was performed. Macroscopically the two lesions were found to be a papillary tumor at left uretero-ileal anastomosis and a polypoid tumor distal to right uretero-ileal anastomosis. Histological examination revealed both tumors to be grade II transitional cell carcinoma. This rare case is discussed and the literature is reviewed.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗