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Biomedical subjects

T Morris

Publications and source records attributed to T Morris.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide infused at physiological concentrations in normal subjects and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients on glucose tolerance and B-cell secretion.

The effects of porcine glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide given by continuous intravenous infusion in normal subjects (n = 6) and Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients (n = 6) have been investigated. The subjects were studied on 2 separate days after overnight fasts. On each day 25 g of glucose was infused from 0-30 min plus an infusion of either porcine glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (0.75 pmol . kg-1 . min-1) or control solution. During the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide infusion plasma glucose values were reduced in normal subjects from 30-60 min (p less than 0.01) and in Type 2 diabetic patients at 45 and 60 min (p less than 0.05). In the normal subjects insulin concentrations were greater from 10-35 min (p less than 0.01) following glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide infusion and peak values were increased by 123%. In the Type 2 diabetic patients following glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide infusion insulin levels were increased from 4-40 min (p less than 0.01) but peak values were only increased by 27%. In the normal subjects C-peptide values were greater from 25-45 min (p less than 0.01) following glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide infusion and peak C-peptide levels were increased by 82%. In the Type 2 diabetic patients following the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide infusion C-peptide levels were increased from 6-55 min (p less than 0.01) and peak values were increased by 20%. Plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide levels were within the physiological post prandial range during the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide infusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Single step purification procedure for the rapid separation of equine leucocytes.

Percoll gradients have been used to separate relatively pure populations of viable equine polymorphonuclear (PMN) and mononuclear (MN) cells. In preliminary studies, a continuous density gradient of 70% Percoll solution was used to separate two distinct leucocyte-rich bands. After measurement of the density of each band on the continuous gradient, discontinuous Percoll gradients, using 60% and 75% Percoll solutions, were used to provide a rapid means of separating PMN and MN cells. The yield of viable cells per ml of blood was 3.0 X 10(6) and 3.2 X 10(6) for MN and PMN cells, respectively. Corresponding values for recovery were 45% and 72%. The purity was 94% for PMNs and 99% for MNs.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Combined active and passive immunotherapy in honeybee-sting allergy.

Five honeybee sting-allergic patients in whom bee venom immunotherapy (VIT) had previously been stopped because of repeated allergic side effects (SE) were resubmitted to bee VIT after pretreatment with beekeeper gammaglobulin. The tolerated bee venom dose was increased five to 800 times after this passive immunotherapy, and the maintenance dose of 100 micrograms of honeybee venom (BV) was reached in all patients after 6 to 15 days of a rush hyposensitization. The IgG response to BV was not suppressed by the beekeeper-gammaglobulin infusion. After 2 to 9 weeks of continued bee VIT, SE recurred in all patients. Therapy had to be stopped in one patient. The other four patients are currently on a maintenance dose of 60 to 80 micrograms. The possibility of a qualitative inferiority of the patients own IgG response was studied by crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis and IgG subclass analysis. Lack of an IgG response to particular BV components to which IgE was present was demonstrated in three patients. The IgG subclass antibody pattern to BV at the time of recurrence of SE was similar to that found in beekeepers with a prominent IgG4 response. In contrast to beekeepers, however, there was no IgG2 response in patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Involvement of the 5'-leader sequence in coupling the stability of a human H3 histone mRNA with DNA replication.

Two lines of evidence derived from fusion gene constructs indicate that sequences residing in the 5'-nontranslated region of a cell cycle-dependent human H3 histone mRNA are involved in the selective destabilization that occurs when DNA synthesis is terminated. The experimental approach was to construct chimeric genes in which fragments of the mRNA coding regions of the H3 histone gene were fused with fragments of genes not expressed in a cell cycle-dependent manner. After transfection in HeLa S3 cells with the recombinant plasmids, levels of fusion mRNAs were determined by S1 nuclease analysis prior to and following DNA synthesis inhibition. When the first 20 nucleotides of an H3 histone mRNA leader were replaced with 89 nucleotides of the leader from a Drosophila heat-shock (hsp70) mRNA, the fusion transcript remained stable during inhibition of DNA synthesis, in contrast to the rapid destabilization of the endogenous histone mRNA in these cells. In a reciprocal experiment, a histone-globin fusion gene was constructed that produced a transcript with the initial 20 nucleotides of the H3 histone mRNA substituted for the human beta-globin mRNA leader. In HeLa cells treated with inhibitors of DNA synthesis and/or protein synthesis, cellular levels of this histone-globin fusion mRNA appeared to be regulated in a manner similar to endogenous histone mRNA levels. These results suggest that the first 20 nucleotides of the leader are sufficient to couple histone mRNA stability with DNA replication.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The metabolic response to glucagon and glucagon-(1-21)-peptide in normal subjects and non insulin dependent diabetics.

The metabolic effects of glucagon leading to hyperglycaemia are well recognised. However, the spasmolytic properties of glucagon have only relatively recently been utilised in clinical medicine. The marked hyperglycaemia accompanying the smooth muscle relaxant action of glucagon has led to the development of smaller peptides derived from glucagon which may retain the spasmolytic effects without the metabolic consequences. This study compares the metabolic and hormonal response to one such peptide, glucagon-(1-21)-peptide, with the parent peptide glucagon. The results demonstrate that glucagon-(1-21)-peptide has no metabolic effects comparable to glucagon. In normal subjects and non-insulin dependent diabetics, glucagon-(1-21)-peptide has no stimulatory effect on the pancreatic beta-cell.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1985

Development of a method for rating cognitive responses to a diagnosis of cancer.

The development of a method for rating cognitive responses to the diagnosis of early breast cancer, lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease is described in the context both of recent coping theory and a previous study by this Unit relating outcome to response to diagnosis. The ratings are defined in a manual using simple language and avoiding assumptions about the functions of responses; examples are given.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1984

Incidence of ulcerative colitis in the Cardiff region 1968-1977.

The incidence of ulcerative colitis in South Glamorgan during the decade 1968-77 remained steady with a mean of 7.2/10(5)/year. The disease was slightly more common in women, male:female ratio 1:1.2. Ulcerative colitis was rare in childhood but showed two peaks of incidence in adults, in the third and fourth decades and in the eighth decade.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Retardation of wound healing by procaine.

Lignocaine has previously been shown to retard wound healing; the retardation is directly related to the concentration of the drug used and is enhanced by the addition of adrenaline. The study described in this paper aimed to determine whether procaine has a similar effect and, if so, whether the effect of sterile water alone and of procaine in various concentrations on the tensile strength of skin wounds in rats. 5 and 7 days after operation. At 5 days sterile water had produced a significant retardation of wound healing. All concentrations of procaine produced significant retardation of healing at 5 days and adrenaline enhanced this effect. By 7 days the effect was greatly diminished and only those rats injected with 2 per cent procaine with adrenaline had significantly weaker wounds. The study suggests that 2 per cent procaine with adrenaline is better avoided and even when lower concentrations are used sutures should be retained for 7 days.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

To define sufficient subjects.

The problem of how many subjects are required for a particular investigation can be solved. Techniques developed to allow experimenters to determine the statistical power of their experiments can be adapted to this end provided that the investigator is prepared to define the significance level and, more importantly, the minimum strength of experimental effect that is of interest. The experience described in this article demonstrates that the process demands consideration of a number of factors like the nature of the dependent variable, the form of the decision being made, and the minimum difference between conditions which has practical consequence.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1980

Interaction of rifampin and chlorpropamide.

A 62-year-old man who had been taking 250 mg of chlorpropamide daily for several years received rifampin concomitantly and had a subsequent increased dosing requirement of chlorpropamide. When rifampin was discontinued several months later, the serum chlorpropamide concentration rose dramatically.

Blood Glucose↗