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Biomedical subjects

T Moriyama

Publications and source records attributed to T Moriyama.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Elevation of cytosolic free Ca2+ is directly evoked by thromboxane A2 in human platelets during activation with collagen.

The thromboxane A2 antagonist, ONO-3708, completely inhibited the increase in cytosolic free Ca2+ in human platelets during activation with collagen. Half-maximal Ca2+ release and influx required about 3 and 4 nM STA2, a stable thromboxane A2 mimetic, respectively. However, half maximal activation of phospholipase C required about 18 nM STA2. This suggests that thromboxane A2 directly causes Ca2+ mobilization without further activation of phospholipase C during activation of human platelets with collagen.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1988

Dihydropyridine-sensitive and insensitive Ca2+ channels in human platelets.

The Ca2+ channel blocker, nifedipine, a dihydropyridine derivative, inhibited the Ca2+ influx and release from internal stores caused by collagen or a low concentration of the thromboxane A2 (TXA2) analogue, 9,11-epithio-11,12-methano-TXA2 (STA2) (10 nM), but did not inhibit those caused by thrombin or a high concentration of STA2 (100 nM). These results indicate the presence of two distinct, dihydropyridine-sensitive and insensitive, Ca2+ channels dependent on the concentrations and classes of agonists in human platelets.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1988

[Development of breath detector for halitosis (2). Clinical evaluation].

A breath detector was developed and its clinical application was investigated. 20 patients that included self-halitosis patients and periodontally diseased patients with halitosis were the subjects of this investigation. Measuring by breath detector was tried third time and most high score was taken for one's smell revel. The same time mouth air was analyzed by gas chromatograph. The amount of volatile sulphur compounds in mouth air was made a comparison between the two methods. The intensity of halitosis by olfactory panel were divided into four groups, (-) good, (+/-) slight, (+) warn, (++) severe. And we investigated that breath detector's judgement and olfactory panel were in agreement or not. A breath detector was very sensitive for volatile sulphur compounds as well as gas chromatograph. It was therefore concluded that breath detector seemed to be potentially useful in clinical objective evaluation of halitosis and periodontal diagnosis.

Dental Devices, Home Care↗
PubMed1988

[AUFRAP therapy: combined modality treatment of malignant gliomas with intraarterial infusion of ACNU].

A method of combination therapy was proposed for the treatment of malignant gliomas, and the clinical results were reported. This combination consisted of ACNU (nimustine), UFT (tegafur + uracil), Radiation, vitamin A and PSK (krestin), and was named AUFRAP therapy. Intracarotid infusion of ACNU (100 or 150 mg/body) was done after the administration of vitamin A (100,000 units), in the first and last week of radiation therapy with a total dose of 60-70 Gy. UFT (400-600 mg/day) and PSK (3g/day) were also given orally. After the induction of remission, patients were treated in the outpatient clinic under a similar maintaining protocol. Two patients who received 150 mg of ACNU and daily 600 mg of UFT in combination with radiation therapy showed severe myelosuppression in the early stage of treatment, and the combination therapy was aborted. Two of four patients who received 100mg of ACNU and daily 400mg of UFT did not show such severe side effects and two showed transient, moderate myelosuppression and vomiting. The serum phenitoin concentration doubled and was thought to be a side effect of tegafur. All four patients completed the induction protocol and follow-up CT scans disclosed shrinkage of the remained tumors, decreased contrast enhancement or no evidence of recurrence. Interactions of these drugs and radiation were discussed and the literature was reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effects of cadmium on in vitro and in vivo erythropoiesis: erythroid progenitor cells (CFU-E), iron, and erythropoietin in cadmium-induced iron deficiency anemia.

Effects of cadmium (Cd) on in vitro and in vivo erythropoiesis in rats were studied by methylcellulose colony assay. Cd suppressed the in vitro growth of late erythroid progenitors (CFU-E) in a dose-dependent fashion and did not lose its inhibitory potency with increasing doses of erythropoietin (EPO). In addition, in marrow suspension cultures, Cd did not significantly influence 59Fe incorporation into both the cells and heme, and the Cd dose-responsive inhibition curve of the number of living cells was similar to that of CFU-E. These results suggest that the suppression of CFU-E colony formation by Cd is not due to the blocking of either EPO action to stimulate the growth of CFU-E or the iron incorporation into the cells ahd heme, but due to its direct cytotoxic effect. The colony suppression by Cd could be prevented by adding metallothionein to the cultures. On the other hand, oral administration of Cd to animals (100 mg/liter in drinking water) induced an iron deficiency anemia characterized by microcytic hypochromic red cells, decreased plasma iron, and increased total iron binding capacity. Marrow CFU-E density steadily increased as plasma iron decreased due to Cd administration and reached a plateau after 50 days. Plasma EPO titers were also found to be elevated in such a Cd-induced anemia. Parenteral iron administration during the Cd drinking period could completely prevent the development of iron deficiency anemia and the increase of both CFU-E and plasma EPO. There was a hyperbolic correlation between CFU-E and plasma iron or transferrin saturation. These results demonstrate that oral CD administration produces bone marrow hyperplasia at the CFU-E level due to iron deficiency.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1987

Two proteins with gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in frog bone: isolation and comparative characterization.

Two gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing proteins were purified from neutral (pH 7.5) EDTA-extract of frog, Rana catesbiana, cortical bone by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration, DEAE-Sephadex A-25 chromatography and successive hydroxyapatite column chromatography. These two bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing proteins, termed osteocalcin, P-1 and P-2, had molecular weights of about 5100 and 4900, respectively, based on their amino-acid composition. Both species of osteocalcin have two gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues, one disulfide bond, but there was no 4-hydroxyproline in either molecule. Each N-terminus of both proteins was acetylated and each C-terminal amino acid was lysine. The isoelectric points of P-1 and P-2 are 4.02 and 3.91, respectively, and their pI values shifted to more neutral pH in the presence of calcium ions. Equilibrium dialysis has indicated that each of these two proteins binds specifically 2 mol Ca2+, and nonspecifically more, 4-5 mol, Ca2+ in 0.02 M Tris-HCl/0.15 M NaCl (pH 7.4), at 4 degrees C. By the best-fitted calculation, P-1 had one high affinity Ca2+-binding site (Kd1 = 0.17 mM) and one lower affinity site (Kd2 = 0.29 mM), and P-2 contained one high affinity site (Kd1 = 0.154 mM) and one lower affinity site (Kd2 = 0.67 mM).

1-Carboxyglutamic Acid↗
PubMed1987

Randomized controlled study of the effect of adjuvant immunotherapy with Picibanil on 51 malignant gliomas.

During the period from January 1981 to December 1983, two groups of a total of 51 patients (31 malignant astrocytomas, 17 glioblastomas, and 3 others) were treated with radioimmunochemotherapy using nimustine hydrochloride (ACNU) plus Picibanil (OK-432) (group A) and radiochemotherapy with ACNU only (group B) in a randomized controlled study. Group A consisted of 24 patients and group B of 27 patients. The differences in the background of the two groups were not statistically significant. Survival curves of both groups were shown by the Kaplan-Meier method. The postoperative survival rate at 1 year and 3 years was 70% and 30%, respectively, equal in both groups, and the differences between groups A and B were not statistically significant by the Cox-Mantel test. The side effects seen in group B were most prominent in the bone marrow, and severe leukopenia occurred. However, in group A leukopenia was suppressed after 2 months. Immunologic parameters, such as the purified protein derivative skin reaction test, did not change, but the streptococcus pyogenes Su-strain polysaccharide skin-reaction test became more positive after therapy in group A.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Metal binding and metal-induced conformational change of frog bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein.

Ca2+ or Cd2+ binding and the conformational change induced by the metal binding in two frog bone Gla-proteins (BGP, termed BGP-1 and BGP-2) were studied by equilibrium dialysis and CD measurement. By CD measurement in the far-ultraviolet region, the alpha-helix content of both apoBGPs was found to be 8%. Binding of both Ca2+ and Cd2+ was accompanied with a change in the CD spectrum, and the alpha-helix content increased to 15 and 25% for BGP-1 and BGP-2, respectively. CD measurement in the near-ultraviolet region indicated that the environment of aromatic amino acid residues in the protein molecule was changed by metal binding. Equilibrium dialysis experiments indicated that each of these two protein binds specifically 2 mol of Ca2+, and nonspecifically an additional 3-4 mol of Ca2+ in 0.02 M Tris-HCl/0.15 M NaCl (pH 7.4), at 4 degrees C. According to the two separate binding sites model, BGP-1 has 1 high-affinity Ca2+ binding site (Kd1 = 0.17 mM) and 1 low-affinity site (Kd2 = 0.29 mM), and BGP-2 contains 1 high-affinity site (Kd1 = 0.14 mM) and 1 low-affinity site (Kd2 = 0.67 mM). In addition, 2 Cd2+ bound to a high-affinity binding site on BGP-1 with Kd1 of 10.4 microM, and 1 Cd2+ bound to a low-affinity binding site with Kd2 of 41.5 microM. On the other hand, BGP-2 had three classes of binding sites and 1 Cd2+ bound to each binding site with Kd1 = 3.6 microM, Kd2 = 16.3 microM, Kd3 = 51.7 microM, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

1-Carboxyglutamic Acid↗
PubMed1987

Chondroitin sulfate-depolymerizing activity in Streptococcus intermedius and other streptococci.

The type strain (ATCC 27335) and 18 human oral isolates of Streptococcus intermedius and some other related streptococcal species were tested for chondroitin sulfate C-depolymerizing activity employing a modified screening plate method of Smith and Willett. As the results, S. intermedius strains except for ATCC 31412 strain were found to possess this activity. Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 11828 used as a positive control strain demonstrated strong activity, whereas S. intermedius strains showed only slightly detectable activity. This finding might be interesting in view of the classification of this species as well as its pathogenicity.

Chondroitinases and Chondroitin Lyases↗
PubMed1987

Inhibition by amiloride of contractile elements in smooth muscle of guinea pig taenia cecum and chicken gizzard.

The relaxant action of amiloride was investigated in the smooth muscles of guinea pig taenia ceci and chicken gizzard. Amiloride inhibited the contractions induced by high K+ (45.4 mM) and carbachol (10 microM) in the taenia with the concentrations needed to induce 50% inhibition (IC50) of approximately 41 microM. A prolonged incubation period (greater than 1 hr) was necessary to obtain the full inhibition of these contractions. The taenia gradually accumulated amiloride and the tissue/medium ratio exceeded 2.0 after a 120-min incubation period. Amiloride had no effect on the high K+-stimulated 45Ca++ uptake or the ATP content of the taenia. Amiloride inhibited the Ca++-induced contraction of the saponin-treated taenia with an IC50 of 186 microM. Amiloride (10-1000 microM) also inhibited superprecipitation and Mg++-adenosine triphosphatase activity of the gizzard native actomyosin as well as the phosphorylation of myosin light chain. The inhibition of the phosphorylation was antagonized competitively by ATP. Amiloride (1 mM) had no effect on the dephosphorylation of myosin light chain upon removal of Ca++ from reaction medium. Amiloride, at concentrations up to 1 mM, had not effect on calmodulin activity as monitored by the Ca++-calmodulin-activated erythrocyte membrane (Ca++ + Mg++)-adenosine triphosphatase and phosphodiesterase activities. In contrast to this, trifluoperazine inhibited the calmodulin activity at the concentration needed to inhibit the Ca++-induced contraction of the permeabilized taenia and the superprecipitation and the phosphorylation of myosin light chain of gizzard. We conclude that amiloride, unlike trifluoperazine, may inhibit directly the myosin light chain kinase activity to induce muscle relaxation.

Actomyosin↗
PubMed1987

[Treatment of acute subdural hematoma with low GCS score].

In order to clarify the present problems in the treatment of acute subdural hematoma with low GCS score (5 or less), we studied the difference of the outcomes from two different surgical treatments for these patients. The present series included 30 patients who had GCS scores of 3, 4 or 5, and they were divided into two groups: 16 in DH group who had decompressive hemicraniectomy and 14 in HITT group who had hematoma irrigation with trephination therapy. The mean age of the patients was 47 years. They all had an intensive medical management including barbiturate therapy under intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring after the operation. Time course of ICP after operation was classified as controlled, high but reduced and uncontrollable, based on the ICP level of 30 mmHg. The outcomes of the patients were determined by use of Glasgow outcome scale and classified into good, poor and dead. In these patients, the outcome was good in 13.3%, poor in 23.3% and dead in 63.4%. There was no survived case in those with GCS score of 3. The mortality rate in older patients over 60 years was high as 81.8%. ICP was well controlled in 2 patients (12.4%) in DH group. But there is no such case in HITT group. Uncontrollable ICP was more frequently seen in HITT group than in DH group. The patients showed different outcomes in the two types of treatment. Good outcome was found in 18.7% and the mortality rate was 56.3% in DH group. On the other hand, only one patient (7.1%) showed good outcome and the mortality rate of 71.4% in HITT group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

[Microneurographic analysis of the effects of acupuncture stimulation on sympathetic muscle nerve activity in humans: excitation followed by inhibition].

Using the tibial nerves of healthy human subjects (n = 22), the muscle nerve sympathetic activity (MSA) controlling the soleus and its response to acupuncture stimulation were observed. 1. Muscle nerve sympathetic activity (MSA) is spontaneous and varies in correspondence with pulse and respiration. 2. The excitation of MSA in the left tibial nerve was observed just after acupuncture stimulation was applied (145.2 + 39.3 (SD) %, n = 12). 3. The intervals of burst discharges of MSA in the left tibial nerve were elongated (p less than 0.05) and the inhibition of MSA was observed (19.6 + 2.4 (SD) %, n = 12) during acupuncture stimulation. Gradual recovery then took place. 4. The excitation and inhibition of MSA in the tibial nerve was observed in the leg stimulated, the other leg and at the back of the neck to which acupuncture stimulation was applied. 5. Nasal respirations and pulses of plethysmography from the big toe did not change before, during or after acupuncture stimulation.

Acupuncture Therapy↗