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Biomedical subjects

T Morishima

Publications and source records attributed to T Morishima.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Human monoclonal antibodies to human cytomegalovirus derived from peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy adults.

Immunoglobulin G class human monoclonal antibodies to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) were produced by the fusion of Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells and a murine myeloma cell line. The B cells were derived from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy adult volunteers. Four hybridomas producing HCMV-specific monoclonal antibodies were established and each of four antibodies immunoprecipitated an HCMV-specific protein with a molecular weight of 68 kDa. However, the antibodies differed in some of their properties as characterized by indirect immunofluorescence assay and immunoblotting studies, due to the detection of different epitopes on the reacting antigen. None of the four antibodies had any virus neutralizing activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Detection of human herpesvirus 6 DNA in throat swabs by polymerase chain reaction.

The detection of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) DNA was carried out in throat swabs of adults and children by the polymerase chain reaction, and isolation of virus was also attempted from peripheral mononuclear cells. Although virus was isolated only from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of infants with exanthem subitum, HHV-6 DNA was detected in one of 30 healthy adults (3%), two of nine adults (22%) with common cold, two of 10 infants (20%) with exanthem subitum, four of 39 febrile children (10%) with antibody to HHV-6 (including three of 10 infants aged under 1 year old, and one of 29 children aged over 1 year old). However, HHV-6 DNA was not detected in samples from healthy neonates.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Human cytomegalovirus infection during childhood: detection of viral DNA in peripheral blood by means of polymerase chain reaction.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was applied to detect cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA. Two pairs of synthetic oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify DNA from the immediate early 1 and the late antigen genes of CMV, respectively. Either primer sets could detect as few as 0.01 plaque-forming unit of CMV strain AD 169 by Southern blot hybridization. Sixteen CMV clinical isolates were examined and all were found to be positive by the both primer sets. The PCR was used to detect CMV DNA in peripheral blood from six children with elevated anti-CMV antibody titers, who showed abnormal liver-function tests. In three immunocompromised patients, all blood samples were positive for CMV DNA. In three immunocompetent young infants with primary CMV infection, CMV DNA was detected from peripheral blood of one patient during acute phase. Presence of CMV DNA in peripheral blood seemed to be related with the extent of CMV infection, and possibly diagnostic for CMV hepatitis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

Detection and direct typing of herpes simplex virus by polymerase chain reaction.

A method for the detection and direct typing of herpes simplex virus (HSV) by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique has been developed. One common upstream primer and two type-specific downstream primers were prepared to amplify DNA from the HSV type 1 and type 2 DNA polymerase gene. Using these three primers simultaneously in the PCR reaction mixtures, both types of HSV DNA were amplified to produce products of different sizes. By direct gel analysis, the products of standard HSV type 1 and type 2 strains had the predictive sizes of 469 and 391 base pairs, respectively, and the difference in molecular mass enabled us to type the HSV strain. A total of 24 strains (type 1; 16 and type 2; 8 strains) were examined by PCR, and the results were consistent with those determined by immunofluorescence using type-specific monoclonal antibodies. No specific amplification was observed using other herpes virus or human genomic DNAs. The PCR method was then applied to clinical specimens. Of 15 samples obtained from oral lesions of children with herpetic gingivostomatitis, all (100%) were HSV positive by PCR, compared with 13 (86.7%) using standard cell culture methods. Three specimens from vulvar lesions of women with genital herpes were positive using both PCR and cell cultures. There was complete agreement in the typing of HSV strains using the PCR method or virus isolation. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that DNA amplification and typing by PCR is particularly useful for material from which virus isolation might be difficult.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Eumelanin and pheomelanin contents in hairs of healthy Japanese and patients with oculocutaneous albinism, and 5-S-cysteinyldopa and 5-hydroxy-6-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid levels in urine of oculocutaneous albinism].

The contents of eumelanin and pheomelanin in the scalp hairs of 4 Japanese patients with total albinism (3 tyrosinase-positive and one negative) and 100 healthy Japanese were measured by the melanin microquantitation method of Ito and Fujita. The urinary 5-S-Cysteinyldopa (5-S-CD) and 5-Hydroxy-6-Methoxyindole-2-Carboxylic acid (5H6MI2C) contents in the 4 albino subjects were also determined. Our findings included that (1) Regardless of ge, black hairs of all the healthy subjects contained phemelanin at a level of about 5% of the total melanin contents. The hair color of the 3 tyrosinase-positive subjects was pale-yellow, and their hairs contained only pheomelanin. The hair color of the one tyrosinase-negative subject was white, and neither eumalanin nor pheomelanin could be detected. (2) Urinary 5H6M12C, an indicator of eumelanin production in the body, could not be detected in either the tyrosinase-positive or tyrosinase-negative subjects, while the urinary 5-S-CD content of the tyrosinase-negative subject was much lower than that of the tyrosinase-positive subjects. These results suggested that the yellow hair color of patients with tyrosinase-positive albinism is attributable to the production of only pheomelanin and that the urinary 5-S-CD content does not necessarily reflect the ability to produce melanin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Relation between movement of acid or alkaline proteinase from Trichophyton rubrum and the growth of fungus, pH in medium].

We have previously reported that T. rubrum produced a new type of extracellular proteinase in liquid medium containing bovine serum albumin. This enzyme had an optimal pH 4.5 for azocoll. In this paper, we studied about the relation between movement of acid or alkaline proteinase and environmental pH. In the beginning of cultivation, acid proteolytic activity increased radically, and 3 or 4 weeks later, it was decreased. In place of acid proteinase, alkaline proteinase which had an optimal pH 8.0 was increased gradually. During incubation of T. rubrum in bovine serum albumin medium which was adjusted to pH 6.0, the pH of medium was gradually increased to about pH 7.0 toward 4 weeks. The growth of T. rubrum increased until pH in medium was fixed to pH 7.0.

Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical study on S6472, sustained release preparation of cefaclor, dermatological area].

We conducted a clinical investigation on the use of S6472, an sustained release preparation of cefaclor, in the dermatological area. Thirty-two patients serving as subjects were divided into group I (14 cases, including folliculitis and acne pustulora), group II (16 cases, including furuncle, furunculosis and carbuncle) and others (2 cases). One or 2 wrappers (375 or 750 mg) of S6472 were orally administered to patients twice daily after meals. In group I, the efficacy rate was 100%. Clinical results were as follows: Excellent (6 cases), good (8 cases), fair (0), and poor (0). In group II, the efficacy rate was 93.8%: Excellent (10 cases), good (5 cases), fair (1 case), and poor (0). A decrease of the bacteriological effect was observed in 1 case with Staphylococcus epidermidis. A superinfection was noted in 1 case Staphylococcus aureus. The causative bacteria were all eradicated in the remaining 24 cases. No side effects were detected. From the above results, S6472 appears to be a useful preparation, twice daily oral administration has excellent effects against dermatological infections.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Pigmented spindle cell nevus and pigmented Spitz nevus--clinical and histopathological study on pigmented Spitz nevus, and its differentiation from early melanoma by fluorescence method and measurement of 5-S-CD level in the lesion].

On the basis of clinical and histopathological studies on 17 patients who had been diagnosed as having pigmented Spitz nevus (PSN), pigmented spindle cell nevus (PSCN) was surmised to be a type of pigmented Spitz nevus. In order to distinguish pigmented spindle cell nevus and pigmented Spitz nevus from early melanoma, 5 PSCN cases and 12 PSN cases were analyzed by the fine-needle aspiration fluorescence method, touch fluorescence method and measurement of the 5-S-CD level in the lesion. With the touch fluorescence method, fluorescent tumor cells were detected in one case of PSN. With the fine-needle aspiration fluorescence method, fluorescent tumor cells were detected in one PSCN case and 2 PSN cases. In comparison with fluorescent melanoma cells, the detected fluorescent tumor cells were smaller in size and number and resembled melanocytes. The 5-S-CD level in the lesion was 50 ng/mg or less in all cases, whereas the level in melanoma is known to be a high 100 ng/mg or more. In the final analysis, measurement of the 5-S-CD level in the lesion was concluded to have the greatest utility for differential diagnosis of pigmented spindle cell nevus and pigmented Spitz nevus from early melanoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A typical cases of X-linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and a diagnosis of carriers].

A typical case of X-linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (AED) aged 19 year-old-male was discussed in detail, and a diagnosis of carriers of AED with his elder sister aged 24 years just before her marriage and mother was carried out. It seemed that the presence of 6 items of manifestation were important for diagnosis of carriers of AED without any evident symptoms. These were (1) abnormal teeth, (2) dissociation of dermatoglyphics, (3) hypohidrosis, (4) anhidrotic patchy distribution, (5) the lines of Blaschko and (6) expansion of distance between sweat pores. His mother was able to be diagnosed as a carrier of AED by having all of the 6 items. It was confirmed that his sister was not a carrier of AED, since she had none of the 6 items and yet her probability of being a carrier of AED was 1.5625% due to Lyon's hypothesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Combined effects of acyclovir and human interferon-alpha on herpes simplex virus replication in cultured neural cells.

The combined effects of Acyclovir [9-(2'-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine; ACV] and human interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) on replication of the herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) were determined in human neural cell lines, neuroblastoma (IMR), glioblastoma (118MGC), and glioma (U251MG). HSV-1 grew well in all these cells, with final yields of more than 1 x 10(6) PFU/ml. In terms of virus-yield reduction, ACV was found to be highly effective in IMR, moderately effective in U251MG, but ineffective in 118MGC. By contrast, IFN-alpha reduced the virus yield significantly in 118MGC and in U251MG, but did not in IMR. Combined application of ACV and IFN-alpha strongly inhibited the virus replication in all three cell lines with various degrees of synergism or additive effect. These results were also confirmed by immunofluorescent examinations. The sensitivity of HSV-1 to ACV or IFN-alpha was found to be different among the three different cell types. By combining the two agents, the virus growth was strongly suppressed in all the cells. These results suggest the importance of combination therapy for severe type of herpes simplex encephalitis in clinical practice.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1989

[Biochemical diagnoses of malignant melanomas with determinations of 5-S-cysteinyldopa in lesions].

To develop a biochemical diagnosis for malignant melanomas, 5-S-cysteinyldopa in the tissues of malignant melanomas and other pigmented tumors were quantitatively analysed. The mean 5-S-CD value from primary melanotic melanoma lesions was 202.4 ng/mg (80.6-821.4) and those of metastatic melanoma lesions was 214.0 ng/mg (96.2-520.0). There was no significant differences in these 5-S-CD values between the types of primary lesions. On the other hand, the 5-S-CD values from pigmented tumors other than melanomas, such as Spitz nevus, dysplastic nevus, pigmented basal cell epithelioma, and melanoepithelioma Bloch II were less than 55 ng/mg. From these results it is thought that pigmented tumors can be diagnosed as malignant melanomas, if the 5-S-CD values in the tissues are over 100 ng/mg. The mean 5-S-CD values of pigmented macules of SSM was 734.5 ng/mg (320.0-1666.3) and those of ALM was 1.8 ng/mg (0.7-3.6). These data suggest that the biochemical diagnoses of SSM in situ can be based on 5-S-CD values, the diagnoses of ALM in situ can not.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Definitive diagnosis of early malignant melanoma lesions by the quantitative analysis of 5-S-cysteinyldopa in the tissue and touch fluorescence method].

Methods for making diagnoses of early lesions of malignant melanomas using a touch-fluorescence method from the cut surface of the lesions and quantitative analysis of 5-S-CD in the tissues were developed. 1) The touch-fluorescence method and analyses of 5-S-CD values in the tissues were extremely useful in making definitive diagnoses of early lesions of nodular melanoma (NM). 2) Only quantitative analyses of 5-S-CD values in the tissues were useful in making definitive diagnoses of early lesions of superficial spreading melanoma (SSM). 3) It is impossible to definitively diagnose lentigo maligna using either way mentioned above. From these results, it appears that quantitative analysis of 5-S-CD values in the tissue was the most useful method for making definitive diagnoses in case of early lesions of NM and SSM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of clarithromycin in treatment of acute dental infections. Comparative double-blind study using josamycin as the control].

In order to objectively evaluate the usefulness of clarithromycin (TE-031, A-56268), a new oral macrolide antibiotic, in the treatment of acute dental infections, a double-blind comparative clinical trail was conducted using josamycin (JM) as the control drug. TE-031 was administered at a daily dosage of 400 mg in 2 divided doses, and JM was given at a daily dosage of 1,200 mg in 3 divided doses. The administration period was, as a rule, 7 days. A total of 302 patients were administered with the test substances (TE-031 and JM), and the clinical efficacy was evaluated by investigators for 284 patients and by a committee using a score method for 273 patients. Efficacy rates as evaluated by the investigators were 77.2% (105/136) in the TE-031 group and 69.6% (103/148) in the JM group. Efficacy rates as evaluated by the committee by the score method were 86.0% (111/129) in the TE-031 group and 80.6% (116/144) in the JM group. The differences between the 2 drug groups were not statistically significant. The investigators' evaluation of the clinical efficacy in the treatment of osteitis of the jaw gave an efficacy rate of 83.0% (44/53) in the TE-031 group and 64.7% (33/51) in the JM group. The efficacy rate in the TE-031 group was statistically higher than that in the JM group. Side effects were recorded in 7 patients (4.8%) in the TE-031 group and 3 patients (2.0%) in the JM group, while abnormal laboratory test values were detected in 3 cases each in the TE-031 and JM groups. None of these differences were statistically significant. The usefulness rates ("satisfactory" plus "very satisfactory" cases) were 73.9% in the TE-031 group and 70.3% in the JM group and were thus almost the same for the 2 drug groups. On the basis of the above results, TE-031 was concluded to be a useful drug in the treatment of acute dental infections and is expected to be able to achieve almost identical clinical efficacy as JM at only one-third of the usual dosage of JM.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[The correlation of serum IgE and IgE-RAST of mite, egg white, milk, soybean, rice and wheat: a study by analysis of regression curves].

The correlation of variation in serum IgE and IgE-RAST in 364 cases of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) aged 4 months to 78 years was analysed by comparison with the scatter diagram and fifth dimension regression curve representing the serum IgE and IgE-RAST scores of mite, egg white, milk, soybean, wheat and rice. The antigens indicating a high IgE-RAST score varied according to age. They were egg white and milk in infancy and mite from one to fifteen years of age. Rice and wheat came later. A high value of serum IgE with AD was seen to depend on the production of specific mite IgE antibody and to be influenced by each specific IgE antibody production, which varied according to age. It seemed that egg white and milk were initiators of AD and mite acted as a promotor. Rice and wheat were accelerators in patients with adult type AD. It was confirmed that, for AD patients of all ages, improvement of the environmental antigens and diet therapy was necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[HTLV-I associated encephalo-myelopathy resembling ALS with concurrence of acute promyelocytic leukemia in a member of the relatives].

A 36 year-old woman beginning with spastic paraparesis at her age of 11 visited us for evaluation of progressive muscular weakness of the distal portions of the upper extremities and difficulty in speaking at her age of 33. The neurological features at the present are as follows; fine horizontal gaze-nystagmus, impaired smooth pursuit ocular movement, highly spastic paraplegia with pes equino-varus necessitating canes and the wheel-chair, highly accentuated PTRs and ATRs associated with positive Babinski's sign, diminished or absent deep reflexes in the upper extremities, moderate muscular wasting with fasciculation on the tongue and distal portions of the upper extremities (rt less than lt). Sensory or cerebellar functions remain normal. No autonomic finding has been manifested. The HTLV-I antibody titers of serum (eg. PA method: x8192 ) and cerebrospinal fluid are highly positive in various methods. That of her mother (no blood-transfusion history) is positive. The provirus genome analysis on peripheral lymphocytes using the Southern blotting method by the cleaving enzyme Psi I was unable to discriminate that of an ATL patient. MRI of the central nervous system revealed higher signal area (short SE) at the C5/6 region and atrophy of C7/8 region. Neither a definite lesion in the lower brain stem, cerebellum nor cerebral hemispheres was identified. The skeletal muscle X-ray CT on the lower extremities revealed the atrophic flexor thighs and the anterior tibial and peroneal muscles. Needle EMG showed the prominent neurogenic changes in the atrophic muscles. Oral prednisolone therapy for four months relieved nystagmus and difficulty in walking, slightly. She, however, discontinued because of its side effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗