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Biomedical subjects

T Monna

Publications and source records attributed to T Monna.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Immunological studies on drug-induced allergic hepatitis--hepatocellular injury by macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity.

When the peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with drug-induced allergic hepatitis were stimulated with a specific drug in vitro in the presence of a liver cytosol fraction containing liver specific antigen, lymphocyte transformation was seen in eight out of 11 patients. The macrophage activating factor (MAF), a kind of lymphokines, was also detectable in the culture medium of activated lymphocytes from seven out of eight patients who showed positive blastogenesis evaluated the uptake of 3H-glucosamine into macrophages. MAF-activated macrophages exhibited a cytotoxic effect on separated liver cells resulting in a marked inhibition of albumin synthesis. This macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity was also observed in eight out of 11 patients who showed positive lymphocyte transformation. These observations suggest that macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity may play some role in the pathogenesis of drug-induced allergic hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Experimental chronic non-suppurative destructive cholangitis in rabbits following immunization with bile duct antigen.

Experimental chronic non-suppurative destructive cholangitis induced in rabbits following immunization with bile duct antigen. Histological changes similar to chronic non-suppurative destructive cholangitis were induced in rabbits by sensitization with antigen prepared from bovine gallbladder mucous membrane. The occurrence of these pathological changes was significantly higher in female animals than in males: 11 out of 14 female rabbits and 4 among 11 male rabbits exhibited histological changes. Immunoprecipitation using gel-diffusion and histological analysis by an immunofluorescence technique showed that this antigen was localized exclusively in the bile duct but not in either hepatocytes or other tissues. It is suggested that histological changes induced following immunization with bile duct antigen are specific immunological phenomena. This interesting experimental model may be helpful in explaining the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Hepatitis B virus and alcoholic liver damage in the Airin district. (Osaka's skid row area).

Healthy adults and non-liver disease patients in the Airin district gave a positivity rate for HBs antigen of approximately 2%, which is not so much different from the average of the entire Japanese population. In this district, the positive rate of HBs antigen 5% (11 out of 244) in chronic liver disease is much lower than that (31%) of control group patients at Osaka City University Hospital (O.C.U.H.). However the positive rate of anti-HBs antibody in this district is 46% which is extremely high compared with that (23.4%) in the rest of Japan. The positive for anti-HB antibodies (including of anti-HBs and anti-HBc antibody) accounted for 67% of non-liver disease patients and 68% of chronic liver disease patients in the Airin district. Corresponding values for patients at O.C.U.H. were 44% and 43% respectively. There were no significant differences in the histological picture between HBs antigen-negative patients with and those without demonstrable anti-HBs antibodies. Changes in the liver exhibited by heavy drinkers inhabitating the Airin district were primarily those of alcoholic liver damage.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

The prognostic value of peritoneoscopic findings in patients with liver cirrhosis.

This study was conducted on 139 patients with liver cirrhosis with diffuse formation of the nodules on the liver surface demonstrated by peritoneoscopic examination. In all of these patients, the diagnosis had been established more than 5 years ago, and the cumulative survival rates were calculated by the life table method. The relationship between the survival rate and macroscopic findings on the surface of the liver was studied and the following conclusions were drawn. 1) The 5 and 10 year survival rates in patients with cirrhosis with swelling of the right lobe were as high as 71.2 and 53.4% respectively and were significantly higher than the corresponding figures of 30.0 and 12.7% in patients with cirrhosis with right lobe atrophy (pless than0.001). 2) The 5 year survival rate in patients with cirrhosis of the small nodular type with a predominance of nodules with diameters less than 3mm was a high as 70.6%. This was significantly higher than that in patients with cirrhosis of the medium and large nodular type with nodules measuring more than 3mm in diameter where the 5 year survival rate was 36.0% (pless than0.001). 3) The 5 year survival rate in patients with cirrhosis of the narrow stromal type was as high as 61.4%, being significantly higher than that in patients with cirrhosis of the broad and mixed stromal type where the 5 year survival rate was 43.2% (pless than0.05). The observation of the surface pattern of the liver by peritoneoscopy appears to be of great predictive value for the prognosis of liver cirrhosis.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1979

Studies on hemorrhagic tendency in cirrhosis of the liver.

Recently it has been paid attention whether the liver diseases might induce the disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) or not, although it has well known that liver cirrhosis contribute to the hemorrhagic diathesis. In this paper, we studied on the hemorrhagic tendency and hemostatic tests in the patients with liver cirrhosis in order to clarify the coagulation and fibrinolytic activity. We can conclude that the hemorrhagic diathesis occurs due to the complex of decreases in platelet number, platelet functions, clotting factors, and increased fibrinolytic activity. The increased fibrinolytic activity may be primary and the frequency of clinically important DIC is quite low.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Studies on drug-induced allergic intrahepatic cholestasis--hepatic cholestasis induced in dogs by lymphocyte culture supernatant.

When peripheral lymphocytes from patients with drug-induced allergic intrahepatic cholestasis were stimulated with a specific drug in vitro in the presence of a liver microsome fraction or soluble liver specific antigen fraction, lympholine production was seen in many cases. By the injection of culture supernatant of stimulated lymphocytes into the mesentery vein of dogs, cholestasis was induced in the liver, chiefly in the central zones of lobules. However, no cholestasis could be observed in dogs administered the supernatants of lymphocyte cultures prepared from normal individuals in the presence of drugs. Moreover, only slight swelling of the hepatocytes was observed in the liver when normal lymphocytes were stimulated with PHA-P and culture supernatant was injected into the mesentery vein of dogs. These results suggest that sensitized lymphocytes may produce a factor (or factors) by stimulation with a specific drug-carrier and this factor (or factors) causes cholestasis in the liver.

Adult↗