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Biomedical subjects

T Momose

Publications and source records attributed to T Momose.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Clinical application of 18F-FDG-PET in patients with brain death].

In order to evaluate glucose metabolism in brain death, 18F-FDG-PET scans were performed in three patients with clinically highly suspected brain death. One case was caused by head trauma and other two cases were by subarachnoid hemorrhage. All of them were in deep coma without spontaneous breathing, whose intracranial pressure was remarkably elevated up to the level of mean arterial pressure. Nineteen frames of dynamic scan were started soon after intravenous injection of 18F-FDG for one minute per frame, followed by 10 minutes of static scan which started 40 minutes after the injection. Both in dynamic and static scan, no significant intracranial accumulation of 18F-FDG was seen in all of three cases. This finding can be interpreted as the evidence that there is no significant glucose utilization from blood in the brain. This is the first report of clinical application of 18F-FDG-PET to brain death. Our results support the clinical diagnosis of brain death and 18F-FDG-PET can be of value for the assessment of glucose metabolism in patients with suspected brain death.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Marine natural products. XXVI. Biologically active tridecapeptide lactones from the Okinawan marine sponge Theonella swinhoei (Theonellidae). (2). Structures of theonellapeptolides Ia, Ib, Ic, and Ie.

Five tridecapeptide lactones, named theonellapeptolides Ia (1), Ib (2), Ic (3), Id (4), and Ie (5), were isolated from the Okinawan marine sponge Theonella swinhoei. Following the structure elucidation of theonellapeptolide Id (4), the structures of theonellapeptolides Ia (1), Ib (2), Ic (3), and Ie (5) were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence including high performance liquid chromatography and circular dichroism combined analysis of the amino acid compositions. Theonellapeptolides Ib (2), Ic (3), Id (4), and Ie (5) exhibit moderate cytotoxic activity towards for L1210 in vitro (IC50 1.6, 1.3, 2.4, and 1.4 micrograms/ml, respectively), and theonellapeptolide Ie (5) exhibits ion-transport activities for Na+ and K+ ions.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

A study of oral adsorbent in chronic renal failure.

In order to examine the effect on the progression of chronic renal failure (CRF), we have applied an oral adsorbent (AST-120) composed of spherical porous carbon particles to patients with chronic renal failure undergoing conservative therapy. Its effect was observed in improvement of uremic symptoms, improvement of slope in linear regression of reciprocal of serum creatinine vs. time plots and delayed initiation of hemodialysis, compared to control patients, together with reduced uremic peak 2a in HPLC analysis of serum and lower levels of beta 2 microglobulin in AST-120 group than in control. The improvements of uremic symptoms, creatinine and 2a levels were confirmed in double blind study where background of patients were evenly randomized between AST-120 and placebo groups and no improvement was observed in placebo group. The result leads us to conclude that the oral adsorbent therapy is expected as an useful therapy for retardation of progression of CRF.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[Bone scan "flare" in patients irradiated to formerly false negative bone metastasis].

We discuss three cases irradiated to their bone metastases. 99mTc-MDP bone scan before irradiation showed normal uptake in the lesions. In all the cases, the irradiation therapy was effective, but focal increased uptake area corresponding to the site of bone metastasis was revealed by the follow-up bone scan one to three months after irradiation. We concluded that the change of tracer uptake was so-called flare in formerly false negative lesion. The cause of this phenomenon was considered either elevation of osteoblastic activity with control of tumor or progression of osteolysis until tumor got well-controlled.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Intra-arterial and intraportal infusion liver scintigraphy using 99mTc-labeled colloid].

Intra-arterial infusion liver scintigraphy was performed in 11 patients with primary or metastatic liver tumor, and intraportal infusion liver scintigraphy was performed in 6 patients for prophylaxis of liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. 99mTc-Sn colloid or 99mTc-phytate was administered through the catheter of which tip was placed in the portal vein or the hepatic artery, and then liver image was obtained. When 99mTc-phytate was infused intra-arterially, significant amount of the infused tracer passed through the liver and we could not get sufficient information to assess the distribution of drug administered through the catheter. On the other hand, intraportal infusion liver scintigraphy using 99mTc-Sn colloid or 99mTc-phytate and intra-arterial infusion liver scintigraphy using 99mTc-Sn colloid revealed heterogeneity of liver uptake, tracer uptake in spleen, low uptake area corresponding to the liver tumor and high uptake area around it. The findings will be clinically useful, and these methods are thought to be helpful to confirm the satisfactory drug distribution.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Slowly progressive fluent aphasia--clinical features and an imaging study including MRI, SPECT and PET].

Three cases of slowly progressive fluent aphasia were presented. In all it began with word amnesia or stuttering, and in one to five years impairment of auditory comprehension, and reading and writing difficulties with kanji (Japanese morphograms) appeared. The neuropsychological and radiological findings were as follows: Case 1: a right-handed 65-year-old man showed severe fluent aphasia (the Western Aphasia Battery profile was rated as corresponding to Wernicke's aphasia but his score on the Token test was too high for Wernicke's aphasia) and memory disturbance. Cortical atrophy was prominent in the left temporal and parietal lobes. Hypoperfusion was evident in the bilateral anterior temporal region, suggesting the diagnosis of Pick's disease. Case 2: a right-handed 42-year-old man presented amnesic aphasia with buccofacial and ideomotor apraxia. The left frontal, temporal and parietal lobes were all atrophic. Hypoperfusion was marked in the left perisylvian and temporo-parietal regions, being similar to the pattern of Mesulam's slowly progressive aphasia. Case 3: a right-handed 55-year-old man with amnesic aphasia. Left-side dominant cortical atrophy involved the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes. The metabolic rate was lower in the left anterior temporal lobe, compatible with the finding in Pick's disease. The common clinical features of these patients were selective deficits in vocabulary, resulting in impairment of confrontation naming, and auditory comprehension. They sometimes could not recognize things even when they were told their names; case 1 could not even point to objects on command, while their syntactic comprehension was well preserved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Chronic dementia in Parkinson disease treated by long-term administration of anticholinergic drug--evaluation of neuropsychological test, PET, and SPECT].

It is known that the anticholinergic drug causes acute psychosis and memory disturbance, which may be due to cholinergic dysfunction. But it has not been well described that the anticholinergic drug causes chronic dementia after long administration. We describe six cases of chronic dementia, which is thought to be induced by anticholinergic drug. We conducted detailed neuropsychological and neuroradiological examination in these six cases. All of them were Parkinson's disease, and had used anticholinergic drug for more than six months without any side effect, and then their initial symptom of dementia appeared, followed by chronic dementia. All cases recovered reversibly from dementia within a few weeks after stoppage of taking anticholinergic drug. And any of our cases had no possibility in the cause of chronic dementia other than the side effect of anticholinergic drug. Detailed neuropsychological examinations (WAIS, WMSR, and so on) were conducted in all cases, SPECT was in two cases, and PET was in one case, before and after stoppage of the anticholinergic drug. And in all cases, brain MRI was conducted. The indices of attention, verbal memory, visual memory, and delayed recall were significantly elevated after stoppage of drug. And both verbal IQ and performance IQ were increased after stoppage of drug, too. SPECT and PET revealed significant improvement, which showed diffuse and generalized change, not localized change.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical application of 99mTc-SQ30,217 myocardial imaging--a study of pharmacokinetics and imaging time].

99mTc-SQ30217 555 MBq (15 mCi) was intravenously injected to 6 healthy subjects to study its safety, pharmacokinetics and the imaging time. Neither side effects nor abnormalities in physical findings, hemato-biochemical tests, urinary test, etc. caused by this agent were observed in any case and its safety was suggested. Radiation dose estimates over the entire body was 4.88 mGy/1,110 MBq (0.488 rad) and that over the major organs was less than 10 mGy and they were within the allowable ranges. 99mTc-SQ30217 showed biphasic disappearance curve in blood with the half-life of alpha-phase 0.02 hour and that of beta-phase 10.14 hours. 99mTc-SQ30217 was considered to show characteristic pharmacokinetics in that the myocardial accumulation was high in an early stage of the administration, but it rapidly decreased. Both heart to liver ratio and heart to lung ratio were high within 10 minutes, but they decreased after 15 minutes. As a result of SPECT imaging of 4 patients with ischemic cardiac disease, the images obtained with 99mTc-SQ30217 at an early period after the administration was as good as those with 201Tl and the appearance of defects in the images with both agents was similar. 99mTc-SQ30217 was considered to be sufficiently useful as a 99mTc-labelled agent for myocardial blood flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Noninvasive method to obtain input function for measuring tissue glucose utilization of thoracic and abdominal organs.

We have developed a method for the noninvasive estimation of regional tissue glucose utilization in humans that employs positron emission tomography (PET) and 2-(18F)fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG). Unlike other methods, the input function used in this method is obtained from the corrected time-activity curve of the descending aorta, not the left ventricle, because the descending aorta is relatively free of spillover from other organs and extends from the upper thorax to the lower abdomen. With this method the time-activity curve of the descending aorta must be corrected for the partial volume effect and the difference in counts between plasma and whole blood. Using the noninvasively obtained input function, regional tissue glucose utilization was calculated by Patlak graphic analysis. k1k3/(k2 + k3) was in good agreement with k1k3/(k2 + k3) calculated from the plasma input function by arterial sampling (r = 0.9995). These results suggest that the input function and regional tissue glucose utilization (not only of myocardium but also of other thoracic and abdominal organs) can be determined noninvasively.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1990

[Gadolinium-DTPA in the study of intracranial tumors in the adult].

Thirty intracranial tumours were explored by MRI, using T1- and T2-weighted sequences, before and after intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA. Two-thirds of the intra-axial tumours were accurately detected on one section plane by MRI without Gd-DTPA, but in one quarter of the cases Gd-DTPA only delineated precisely the tumour. On the other hand, Gd-DTPA failed to detect certain tumours (benign gliomas) or showed only a small part of them (mixed grade gliomas), while they were detected by MRI without contrast injection. However, in such cases Gd-DTPA was useful for the stereotaxic biopsy of the tumour. Gd-DTPA appears of lesser interest in extra-axial tumours. Gd-DTPA is thus valuable for the neuroradiological diagnosis of brain tumours, particularly to evaluate the grade of gliomas and to confirm the diagnosis of recurrent growths.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Potential bile acid metabolites. XV. Synthesis of 4 beta-hydroxylated bile acids; unique bile acids in human fetal bile.

The 4 beta-hydroxylated derivatives of lithocholic, deoxycholic, chenodeoxycholic, and cholic acids were synthesized from their respective parent compounds. The principal reactions employed were 1) beta-face cis-dihydroxylation of delta 3 intermediates with osmium tetroxide-N-methylmorpholine N-oxide, 2) selective cathylation of vicinal 3 beta,4 beta-diols followed by oxidation of the resulting 4 beta-monocathylates, or direct selective oxidation at C-3 of 3 beta,4 beta-diols with pyridinium chlorochromate, and 3) stereoselective reduction of the 3-oxo compounds with tert-butylamine-borane complex. The results of analysis of the prepared 4 beta-hydroxylated bile acids with a diequatorial trans-glycol structure and their 3 beta-epimers by proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies are briefly discussed along with the mass spectrometric properties.

Bile↗
PubMed1989

The psychology and actions of rapists interned in the Kawagoe Juvenile Prison compared with rapists in Tokyo.

The study of the psychology of rapists reveals information which could facilitate the re-orientation of juvenile offenders in prison. The subjects of this study were sixty criminals incarcerated as rapists in the Kawagoe Juvenile Prison at the end of 1985. Questionnaires and various psychological tests (including the Rozenweig Picture--Frustration method) were used to examine their state of mind. Information concerning 173 rape cases referred to the section of Criminal Identification in 1985 was obtained from the Tokyo Metropolitan Police and used for comparison.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Cardiac response during various activities in patients with ischemic heart disease evaluated by an ambulatory ventricular monitor (VEST)].

To assess the cardiac response to various exercise in ischemic heart disease (IHD), left ventricular function was continuously measured with an ambulatory ventricular monitor (VEST) in 3 normal subjects and 15 IHD patients. Treadmill exercise (early stage (E1), end stage (E2) and recovery standing state (RE], walking (WK) and climbing stairs (CS), was used for exercise. 15 IHD patients were divided into 4 groups by the LVEF response to treadmill exercise. In group 1 (G1), LVEF increased gradually at stage 1 and became plateau from stage 2 to end stage like normal group. In group 2 (G2), LVEF increased at stage 1 and became plateau from stage 2 but decreased from maximal EF more than 5% at end stage. In group 3 (G3), LVEF increased only at stage 1 and decreased immediately after stage 1 to end stage. The decrease of LVEF at end stage from standing was more than 5%. In group 4 (G4), LVEF decreased at stage 1 and became minimum at end stage. This grouping was well related to thallium redistribution (Tl RD) score and coronary arteriography (CAG) score. We could predict the severity of coronary artery disease from this grouping because all group 3 or 4 patients had severe coronary artery disease. VEST was useful for the evaluation for the tolerance to daily activities. Group 1, 2 and 3 tolerated daily activities while group 4 could not always. The degree of the increase in cardiac output during ischemia evaluated by VEST may be one of the useful index of the tolerance to exercise. In conclusion VEST was very useful for evaluating cardiac capacity of ischemic heart disease patients during various exercise.

Coronary Disease↗