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Biomedical subjects

T Mizoguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Mizoguchi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Reliability and validity of a Japanese version of the cost of care index].

The home management of chronic disability in the elderly often relies upon the receipt of family. These caregivers have been shown to experience a considerable burden in providing day-to-day care. It is important that identifying problem areas may result in the need of consider alternatives for the care of an elderly person, identify and mobilize existing community resources to relieve some of the "cost". We studied the reliability and validity of a Japanese version of the Cost of Care Index (CCI) which was originally developed by Kosberg et al as a case management tool in the assessment of caregivers. Our subject consisted of 27 cases with dementia (mean age 74.5 years), and 15 cases of patients with neurological disorders without dementia (80.7 years), and their caregivers. The test-retest reliability and internal consistency were very good; the coefficient of correlation between CCI scores at the two interviews was 0.83, the coefficient of internal consistency was 0.92. CCI scores correlated significantly with ADL-20 scores, DBD score and caregivers' SDS scores; r = -0.48, r = 0.46 and r = 0.36, respectively. Our results indicate that the CCI is highly reliable, and may be useful for assessment caregivers' burden.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Responses of TNF alpha, IL-8, and leukocyte adhesion molecule CD18 to cardiopulmonary bypass].

To evaluate the inflammatory response to the cardiopulmonary bypass, we investigated the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecule CD18. Six patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting were studied. TNF alpha was elevated significantly 30 minutes after the start of CPB and returned to the baseline 60 minutes after CPB. IL-8 increased significantly after the start of CPB and reached a peak at 10 minutes after release of the aortic cross-clamp, remaining significantly elevated until 10 minutes after the end of CPB (P < 0.05). Circulating neutrophil count and granulocyte elastase increased significantly 10 minutes after release of the aortic-cross clamp and remained high until the first postoperative day. The increase of the neutrophil CD18 expression was not observed. This study demonstrates elevated TNF alpha and IL-8 levels during CPB followed by increases of the neutrophil and the granulocyte elastase, which may be of importance in the systemic inflammatory response to CPB, especially in the development of postperfusion lung injury.

CD18 Antigens↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical effects of trabeculotomy after long-term topical antiglaucoma medications].

We retrospectively analyzed the effects of long-term topical antiglaucoma therapy on the results of trabeculotomy. We studied 83 eyes with 76 primary open angle glaucoma and 7 eyes with capsular glaucoma, each of which had undergone trabeculotomy alone and none of which had a history of laser trabeculoplasty or glaucoma surgery. The outcome of trabeculotomy was assessed after a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Using a life-table method, there was no significant difference in the outcome of trabeculotomy between groups divided by duration and type of preoperative topical therapy. There was not statistically significant difference in the intraocular pressure reduction between the groups of long or short duration of topical therapy. We concluded that the duration and type of topical antiglaucoma medications had no significant effect on the outcome of trabeculotomy.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1994

Involvement of ecto-ATPase as an ATP receptor in the stimulatory effect of extracellular ATP on NO release in bovine aorta endothelial cells.

The secretion of nitric oxide (NO) was stimulated by the addition of ATP or ADP, but not by AMP or adenosine, in cultured bovine aorta endothelial cells. Inhibitors of ecto-ATPase, NaN3 and Ap5A, significantly inhibited the stimulation, while an inhibitor of P2Y-purinoceptor and ecto-ATPase, RB2, completely suppressed it. A non-hydrolyzable ATP analogue, AMP-PNP, stimulated NO release; the stimulation was completely suppressed by RB2 but not by NaN3 and Ap5A. Therefore, only P2Y-purinoceptor was involved in the stimulation by AMP-PNP, while both ecto-ATPase and P2Y-purinoceptor were involved in the stimulation by ATP and ADP. It is not clear whether the stimulation is dependent on the dephosphorylation activity of ecto-ATPase or not, but the enzyme appears to act as an ATP and ADP receptor for signal transduction through adenine nucleotides.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1994

Two genes that encode Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases are induced by drought and high-salt stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Two cDNA clones, cATCDPK1 and cATCDPK2, encoding Ca(2+)-dependent, calmodulin-independent protein kinases (CDPK) were cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana and their nucleotide sequences were determined. Northern blot analysis indicated that the mRNAs corresponding to the ATCDPK1 and ATCDPK2 genes are rapidly induced by drought and high-salt stress but not by low-temperature stress or heat stress. Treatment of Arabidopsis plants with exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) had no effect on the induction of ATCDPK1 or ATCDPK2. These findings suggest that a change in the osmotic potential of the environment can serve as a trigger for the induction of ATCDPK1 and ATCDPK2. Putative proteins encoded by ATCDPK1 and ATCDPK2 which contain open reading frames of 1479 and 1488 bp, respectively, are designated ATCDPK1 and ATCDPK2 and show 52% identity at the amino acid sequence level. ATCDPK1 and ATCDPK2 exhibit significant similarity to a soybean CDPK (51% and 73%, respectively). Both proteins contain a catalytic domain that is typical of serine/threonine protein kinases and a regulatory domain that is homologous to the Ca(2+)-binding sites of calmodulin. Genomic Southern blot analysis suggests the existence of a few additional genes that are related to ATCDPK1 and ATCDPK2 in the Arabidopsis genome. The ATCDPK2 protein expressed in Escherichia coli was found to phosphorylate casein and myelin basic protein preferentially, relative to a histone substrate, and required Ca2+ for activation.

Adaptation, Biological↗
PubMed1994

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis following patch closure of a ventricular septal defect: report of a case.

We report herein the case of a 5-month-old infant who, after developing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) endocarditis following patch closure of a ventricular septal defect (VSD), was successfully treated by replacement of the Dacron patch with an autogenous pericardial patch. Initially, a large perimembranous VSD was repaired with a Dacron patch and after an uneventful recovery of 1 week, he began to spike intermittent fevers from 38 degrees C to 39 degrees C. Two blood cultures grew MRSA and a two-dimensional echocardiogram performed 16 days after surgery showed an irregular mass attached to the right ventricular aspect of the Dacron patch. At reoperation, a large vegetation attached to the Dacron patch was confirmed, but there was no patch dehiscence. Following removal of the patch, the VSD was repaired with an autogenous pericardial patch, soon after which the fever rapidly subsided. Imipenem, 125 mg every 6 h, and fosfomycin, 300 mg every 6 h, were administered for a total of 24 days after reoperation. The child remains well 12 months after his second operation.

Endocarditis, Bacterial↗
PubMed1994

Characterization of two cDNAs that encode MAP kinase homologues in Arabidopsis thaliana and analysis of the possible role of auxin in activating such kinase activities in cultured cells.

Two cDNA clones, cATMPK1 and cATMPK2, encoding MAP kinases (mitogen-activated protein kinases) have been cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana and their nucleotide sequences have been determined. Putative proteins encoded by ATMPK1 and ATMPK2 genes, designated ATMPK1 and ATMPK2, contain 370 and 376 amino acid residues, respectively, and are 88.7% identical at the amino acid sequence level. ATMPK1 and ATMPK2 exhibit significant similarity to rat ERK2 (49%) and Xenopus MAP kinase (50%). The amino acid residues corresponding to the sites of phosphorylation (Thr-Glu-Tyr) that are involved in the activation of MAP kinases are conserved in ATMPK1 and ATMPK2. Northern blot analysis indicates that the ATMPK1 and ATMPK2 mRNAs are significantly present in all the organs except seeds. Genomic Southern blot analysis suggests that there are a few additional genes that are related to ATMPK1 and ATMPK2 in the Arabidopsis genome. Purified Xenopus MAP kinase kinase (MAPK kinase) phosphorylates ATMPK1 and ATMPK2 proteins that have been expressed in Escherichia coli, activating these enzymes. A rapid and transient activation of 46-kDa protein kinase activity that phosphorylated myelin basic protein (MBP) was detected when auxin-starved tobacco BY-2 cells were treated with synthetic auxin, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Protein kinase activities which phosphorylated the recombinant ATMPK2 protein also increased rapidly after auxin treatment in the auxin-starved BY-2 cells. These results suggest that auxin may function as an activator of plant MAP kinase homologues, as do various mitogens in animal systems.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid↗
PubMed1994

Responses of glutathione-related enzymes in isolated rat small intestine to Fe(2+)-EDTA-mediated oxidative stress.

The activities of glutathione-related enzymes in isolated rat small intestine were investigated under oxidative stress mediated by Fe(2+)-EDTA. The isoelectric points and approximate molecular weights of the enzymes investigated were first determined. The reduced and oxidized glutathione contents, and low molecular weight thiols in isolated rat small intestine were also studied under oxidative stress. Significant reducing activities of glutathione S-transferase and lactate dehydrogenase were observed accompanied by increases in oxidized glutathione content, whereas thioltransferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase retained the same levels of activity as controls. First-order inactivation of purified rat small intestine glutathione S-transferase including class-alpha, mu and pi was observed and the isozyme class-pi was inactivated at several pH's under Fe(2+)-EDTA-mediated oxidative stress. Leakage of protein and both reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione was significantly increased during incubation with Fe(2+)-EDTA. In conclusion, enzymes which were not inactivated under Fe(2+)-EDTA-mediated oxidative stress may play an important role in cellular antioxidant defenses in the small intestine. Furthermore, enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase, mainly a class-pi isozyme, and lactate dehydrogenase which were inactivated may form part of the barrier against oxidative stress similar to reduced glutathione.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Synthesis and antiulcer activity of 2-amino-8H-indeno[1,2-d]thiazole derivatives].

A series of 8H-indeno[1,2-d]thiazoles containing various N-substituted amino groups at the 2 position were synthesized by the reaction of 2-bromo-indanones and N-substituted thioureas. Their anti-ulcerous activity was evaluated. Alkylamino derivatives have a more potent inhibitory behavior on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers compared with arylamino derivatives. We also studied the effect of various substituents on the both benzene and pyridine ring of 2-pyridylamino derivatives on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. However no clear effects were observed. Among 3-morpholinopropylamino derivatives, 5-isopropyl- (21) and 7-chloro-2-(3-morpholinopropyl)amino-8H-indeno[1,2-d]thiazole (25) showed a considerably stronger inhibitory behavior on hydrochloric acid-induced gastric ulcers than cetraxate hydrochloride. Furthermore, 3-morpholinopropylamino derivatives have potent inhibitory effects on gastric acid secretion in pylorus ligated rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effect of thioltransferase on the cystamine-activated fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase by its redox regulation.

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase [EC. 3.1.3.11] is activated by the treatment with 0.1 mM cystamine up to about 400% compared to its original activity (dithiothreitol-reduced form). Thiol compounds (0.1 mM of cysteamine and dithiothreitol) can restore its activity effectively. Reduced glutathione, at 0.2 mM, also restores fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase activity only in the presence of cystamine. When excess cystamine is removed, the addition of 1.0 U/ml thioltransferase is able to restore FBPase activity very efficiently coexistence with 0.2 mM reduced glutathione though reduced glutathione alone does not work.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

ATMPKs: a gene family of plant MAP kinases in Arabidopsis thaliana.

We previously reported two cDNAs for MAP kinases (cATMPK1 and cATMPK2) from a dicot plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. We describe here the cloning and characterization of five additional cDNAs encoding novel MAP kinases in Arabidopsis, cATMPK3, cATMPK4, cATMPK5, cATMPK6, and cATMPK7. The amino acid residues corresponding to the sites of phosphorylation (Thr-Glu-Tyr) that are involved in the activation of animal MAP kinases are conserved in all the seven putative ATMPK proteins. Genes for MAP kinases in Arabidopsis constitute a family that contains more than seven members. Sequence analysis suggests that there are at least three subfamilies in the family of Arabidopsis genes for MAP kinases.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Cloning and characterization of a plant gene encoding a protein kinase.

The cloning and sequence analysis of a gene that encodes a homologue of protein kinase (PK) from Arabidopsis thaliana is reported. We screened a genomic DNA library of A. thaliana using as probes oligodeoxyribonucleotides or fragments from the polymerase chain reaction that correspond to conserved regions in the catalytic domains of various PKs. One genomic clone, named Atpk5, was sequenced and analyzed. Transcripts of the corresponding gene, Atpk5, were detected in root, leaf and flower tissues by Northern blot analysis. The deduced amino acid sequence of the putative product of Atpk5 resembles those of kinases that phosphorylate ribosomal protein S6, cAMP-dependent PKs and protein kinase C. From the results of sequence comparisons, the ATPK5 protein appears to be a member of a subfamily of Ser/Thr-PKs specific to plants.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Modulation of glutathione S-transferase activity by a thiol/disulfide exchange reaction and involvement of thioltransferase.

Low concentrations of cystamine and cystine inactivated human placenta glutathione S-transferase (GST-pi) in cytosolic fraction very effectively, as did the purified enzyme, through the thiol/disulfide exchange reaction. Mixed disulfide formation of GST-pi in cytosol was prevented by thioltransferase existing in cytosol with a low concentration of GSH. This protection of GST-pi activity was more effective with the participation of glutathione reductase. The incorporation of half-[14C]cystine into a GST-pi molecule according to the inactivation was provided by autoradiography. Purified human placenta thioltransferase (1900-fold from cytosol) could release the incorporated half-[14C]cystine from a GST-pi molecule with restoration of enzyme activity. Thioredoxin in placenta cytosol could not protect the GST-pi activity from inactivation at all.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1993

Difference in glutathione S-transferase response to oxidative stress between porcine and bovine lens.

Porcine and bovine lens GSTs were compared in the stability against various oxidative stress which is a major factor of cataract formation in order to clarify the role of lens glutathione S-transferase (GST) and its relation to cataractogenesis. Class pi porcine lens GST was inactivated reversibly by biological disulfides, cystine and cystamine, and also inactivated by active oxygen species such as O2- generated through xanthine-xanthine oxidase system and H2O2. On the other hand, class mu bovine lens GST was insensitive to such applied oxidative stress. Furthermore, 1,2-naphthoquinone, which is a metabolite of naphthalene and an actual inducer of naphthalene cataract, strongly inactivated porcine lens GST though it did not affect bovine enzyme. Thus, porcine and bovine lens GSTs had different sensitivity to various oxidative stress which could induce cataract formation. The results suggest that the differential expression of GST isozymes among animals may explain the variation in the cataract formation caused by oxidative stress.

Animals↗