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Biomedical subjects

T Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to T Miyazaki.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Preservation of ovarian function and reproductive ability in patients with malignant ovarian tumors.

In a study designed to determine the merit of preserving ovarian function and childbearing capability in women with unilateral malignant ovarian tumors, the results of radical surgery (n = 86) and conservative surgery (n = 106) were compared. The mean length of survival was slightly but not significantly shorter following conservative surgery. There were 15 recurrences (14%) and 11 deaths among the conservative surgery group. The incidence of metastasis to the preserved ovary was high. In the most cases restoration of normal menses was fairly rapid after initial treatment, but this appeared to depend on whether or not chemotherapy was given postoperatively, the specific agents used, and the duration of their administration. Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism was the most common finding among the anovulatory patients. Sixteen women experienced a total of 27 pregnancies and 18 normal infants were born. Abortion was induced when conception occurred during a course of chemotherapy. These findings are encouraging in terms of the feasibility of preserving childbearing capability in ovarian cancer patients. However, they also underscore the necessity for close, long-term follow-up, which will be improved as new technologies become available.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A new nitrosourea derivative for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia.

A new water-soluble nitrosourea derivative, methyl 6-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU), was found to be useful for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in the chronic phase. To compare the efficacy of MCNU with that of busulfan, patients were randomized. In the 40 patients administered MCNU, the median time to the achievement of a complete remission (CR) was 50 days. This value was shorter than that observed in 37 patients administered busulfan (126 days, p less than 0.05). There were no differences in the rate of CR achieved, mortality, median time to the onset of blast crisis (BC), BC rate, or survival rate during the observation period. The overall incidence of side effects was higher for MCNU (31%) than for busulfan (15%), but the symptoms were mild, transient and tolerable for most patients. These results suggest that MCNU is a safe and valuable addition to the therapeutic repertoire for the control of CML.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Abnormally high alcohol concentration in the heart blood.

A 46-year-old male alcoholic whose whereabouts had been unknown for about a month was found dead at the foot of a cliff 31 m deep. Fractures of the mandible, thorax and left patella were found at autopsy, but fatal injury to the brain or other organs was not observed. The alcohol distribution was 7.44 mg/g in the heart blood, 13.91 mg/g in the left thoracic cavity fluid and 1.88 mg/g in the urine. The high ethanol concentration in the heart blood was assumed to be mainly due to the diffusion of ethanol from the contents of the stomach and postmortem production of ethanol. It was decided that the cause of death was not acute alcohol intoxication but respiratory failure caused by fractures of the thorax.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1988

Cyanide distribution in five fatal cyanide poisonings and the effect of storage conditions on cyanide concentration in tissue.

The cyanide distribution in five fatal cyanide poisonings was analyzed by the pyridine-pyrazolone method using a Conway diffusion cell. In order to study the effect of storage conditions on cyanide concentration in tissue samples, the cyanide concentrations were first measured immediately after collection of the samples at autopsy, then measured again after storage in a refrigerator (4 degrees C) or in a freezer (-20 degrees C) for periods ranging from 1 day to 3 weeks. Concentrations in all but three of the blood samples stored at 4 degrees C or -20 degrees C increased, with concentration ratios based on measurement made before and after storage ranging from 0.71 to 1.46. The concentrations in the liver, kidney, and brain samples either increased or decreased, with ratios of from 0.2 to 8.8. The concentrations in the stomach contents samples decreased rapidly at 4 degrees C, but hardly changed at all at -20 degrees C.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A case of Ebstein's anomaly with double mitral valve.

A 5-month-old male infant with no history of serious illness died suddenly and unexpectedly. He was found dead under a heavy 'futon', a coverlet, which covered the whole of his body. As it was suspected he may have been smothered, a medicolegal autopsy was performed, and it was discovered that the infant had Ebstein's anomaly with double mitral valve. The cause of death appeared to be due to heart failure caused by this congenital heart disease.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

Non-specific suppressor cells in murine bone marrow chimeras: their possible role in GVHD-associated immunodeficiency.

Suppressor cells against several mitogen-induced responses were detected in the spleen of murine bone marrow chimeras, regardless of intravenous (i.v.) or intrasplenic (i.s.) bone marrow transplantation (BMT). According to the time-course of the suppressor activity against Con A, PHA, and PWM, they were readily detected at 11-21 days after BMT and thereafter, either gradually decreased or remained at a plateau level. In contrast, the suppressor activity against the LPS-stimulated response increased at 39-52 days as compared to 24-34 days after BMT. Characterization studies of suppressor cells early (11-21 days) after BMT revealed that those in the i.v. and i.s. chimeras were composed of host-derived plastic dish adherent and/or anti-Thy 1.2 antibody-insensitive spleen cells in general. On the contrary, those in the i.v. and i.s. chimeras that possessed severer GVHD were mainly composed of host-derived plastic dish non-adherent spleen cells. Since the suppressor activity was higher in chimeras with severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) than in conventional chimeras, suppressor cells against the mitogen-induced responses may be related to the immunodeficiency associated with GVHD. Particularly, plastic dish non-adherent suppressor cells may closely relate to GVHD-associated immunodeficiency as compared with plastic dish adherent suppressor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Suppressor activity in the supernatant of T cell clones derived from chimeric mouse spleen cells.

The supernatant from cultures of T cell clones derived from (BALB/c----C3H/He) chimeras suppresses BALB/c anti-C3H/He or BALB/c anti-C57BL/6 MLRs. When we studied the alloantigen specificity of the suppressor activity in culture supernatant, we observed three types of the suppressor activity (i.e., the suppressor activity against BALB/c anti-C3H/He MLR, against BALB/c anti-C57BL/6 MLR, and against both MLRs) on day 3 after stimulation of the T cell clones with 20% crude IL2 and feeder cells. Since the alloantigen specificity fluctuated somewhat with time, we considered that a time-course study was needed to determine it correctly. We thought it unlikely that any IFN-gamma or PGE2 in the culture supernatant of the T cell clones would have mediated the suppression. Our results suggest that alloantigen specific and non-specific suppressor T cells exist in bone marrow chimeras. The former appears to play an important role in inducing and maintaining transplantation tolerance, while the latter seems to have a rather harmful effect upon chimeras.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Movement of water in conjunction with plant movement visualized by NMR imaging.

The water distribution in the pulvinus of Mimosa can be visualized by an NMR imaging technique. After stimulation of a Mimosa plant, water in the lower half of the main pulvinus disappeared, the water previously contained in this area seeming to be transferred to the upper half of the main pulvinus. Movement of the water in conjunction with Mimosa movement was visualized sequentially by a non-invasive NMR imaging procedure.

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy↗
PubMed1988

Pseudolymphoma of the thyroid.

An unusual case of pseudolymphoma of the thyroid is reported. The tumor was histologically characterized by good demarcation, mature lymphocytes with prominent follicle formation and germinal centers, and mature plasma cells. Immunohistochemical staining revealed a similar distribution of T- and B-cells to reactive lymph nodes and a polyclonal nature of the plasma cell infiltrate. These findings are closely related to the entity, pseudolymphoma in other organs. Differential diagnosis from follicular lymphoma or ectopic thymic tissue is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1988

A PGM1*1A variant with a reduced activity.

An adverse homozygosity at the phosphoglucomutase-1 (PGM1) locus was detected in a family by electrophoresis on starch gels. Isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels could clearly demonstrate a faint band at the same position as that of PGM1 1A in the mother and the child. Further analysis of other family samples and densitometric evaluation of the stained bands revealed the genetic transmission of a variant allele with a reduced activity. The molecular basis for the low activity is still unknown.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Effects of class I drugs on reentrant ventricular tachycardia in a canine model of myocardial infarction: on their antiarrhythmic and proarrhythmic mechanisms.

Mechanisms by which Class I drugs interrupt or facilitate reentrant ventricular tachycardia (VT) induced by programmed stimulation were analysed in dogs with 7-day-old myocardial infarction. Activation time and effective refractory period (ERP) were determined at 48 sites of survived epicardial layer within the infarction zone (IZ) and surrounding normal zone. Two mg/kg of lidocaine (L), propafenone (P) and flecainide (F) were administered intravenously. Induction of sustained VT was prevented by P in 7 of 10 cases, in 3 of 5 cases by F and in one of 8 cases by L (P vs L, p less than 0.01). Proarrhythmic effects were encountered in a case of P and 2 cases of F. Conduction velocity within the IZ was reduced by each drug to the same extent. The ERP within the IZ was prolonged by each drug, however, the mean extent of change differed significantly among the drugs (P 37% greater than F 26% greater than L 10%). In cases in which an antiarrhythmic effect was achieved, it was the result of abolition of the re-excitation at retrograde exit site of reentry circuit, which was considered to be due to prolongation of refractoriness at the site. These results suggest that prolongation of local refractoriness within the IZ is the major antiarrhythmic mechanism. The proarrhythmic effect was accompanied by an increased dispersion of local ERP as well as by a marked reduction of conduction velocity within the IZ.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Observations on rapid ventricular pacing during reentrant ventricular tachycardia in canine myocardial infarction--the use of epicardial mapping in demonstrating the modes of resetting, concealed perpetuation and termination of reentry.

The changes in activation sequences in and around the epicardial reentrant circuit were analyzed during rapid pacing against ventricular tachycardia by using a canine infarction model. In 13 episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia induced by a premature stimulation technique in eight dogs, reentry circuits were located in the superficial subepicardial myocardium in eight. Pacing stimuli were clearly demonstrated to enter the reentrant circuit in two directions: one wavefront collided with the orthodromic reentrant wavefront and the other entered prematurely into the reentrant circuit to reset the tachycardia (resetting phenomenon). With a faster pacing rate, stimuli failed to reset the tachycardia due to slower entry into the circuit despite the fact that most epicardial recording sites were activated by pacing wavefronts (concealed perpetuation). Termination of tachycardia was achieved by a local conduction block in the center of the reentrant circuit. A pacing impulse which encountered the local block was also shown to reinitiate the tachycardia using a different reentrant pathway. These different phenomena could be observed in consecutive pacing beats. These epicardial mapping data provided a direct electrophysiological basis for the mechanisms of reentrant ventricular tachycardia and the mode of its termination.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Use of avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) in postembedding immunoelectron microscopy: detection of immunoglobulins in myeloma cells.

For the purpose of detecting immunoglobulins at the electron microscopic level, the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) technique was applied to ultrathin sections of the bone marrow obtained from patients with multiple myeloma. In this study, a low temperature embedding medium (Lowicryl K4M) was applied to avoid the loss of antigenicity. This electron microscopic ABC (EM-ABC) technique allowed the detection of cytoplasmic immunoglobulins in myeloma cells and provided fairly satisfactory ultrastructural preservation. However, nonspecific reaction product was seen in eosinophil granules possibly due to the close affinity of biotinylated antibodies for eosinophil granules. The EM-ABC staining is of definite value for detecting various antigens as well as immunoglobulins in biological specimens.

Endoplasmic Reticulum↗