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Biomedical subjects

T Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to T Miyazaki.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Antimutagenic substances in the Armeniacae semen and Persicae semen].

Using the Ames/Salmonella/microsome assay, we examined the antimutagenic effect of the hexane extract of Armeniacae semen (apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) seed), Persicae semen (peach (P. persica Bat.) seed), and seeds of cherry (P. avium L.), plum (P. salicina Lindle) and almond (P. dulcis Mill). Hexane extracts of Armeniacae semen and Persicae semen inhibited the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), but those of seeds of cherry, plum and almond did not. The mutagenicities of 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1) and 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (AF-2) were also inhibited by the extracts of Armeniacae semen and Persicae semen. Inhibitory substances in Persicae semen were fractionated by silica gel column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography, and were identified as oleic acid and linoleic acid. The contents of oleic acid and linoleic acid were 0.7 and 0.4% in the hexane extract of Armeniacae semen, and 1.5 and 0.5% in that of Persicae semen, respectively.

Antimutagenic Agents↗
PubMed1992

[Antimutagenic activities of hexane extracts of the fruit extract and the kernels of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc].

Antimutagenic activities of hexane extracts obtained from the fruit extract (UE) and the Kernels (KE) of P. mume were examined. These extracts showed inhibitory activities to known mutagens, 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide, benzo[alpha]pyrene and aflatoxin B1 in the Ames assay using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98 strains. The UE and KE fractions were then separated by silicic acid column chromatography with a stepwise elution method using ether-hexane. The location of the active substances in the fractions was also determined by thin-layer chromatography. Consequently, it was found that the effective substances for the desmutagenicity were fatty acids, and identified by gas liquid chromatography, mainly as oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid in UE, and mainly as oleic acid and linoleic acid in KE, respectively.

Antimutagenic Agents↗
PubMed1992

Effects of nitric oxide-related compounds and carperitide on hemodynamics and hematocrit in anesthetized rats.

Sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin and carperitide (alpha-human ANP) all reduced mean blood pressure, but only carperitide increased the hematocrit in rats with bilateral renal artery- and ureter-ligation. NG-Monomethyl-L-arginine, a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, elevated the mean blood pressure but did not change the hematocrit significantly. These findings suggest that ANP has a physiological role in regulating circulatory blood volume distinct from that of NO, although both increase intracellular cyclic GMP in the vasculature.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of the subunits and sugar moiety of human placental and leukemic beta-glucuronidase.

beta-Glucuronidase purified from human placenta and chronic myelogenous leukemic cells was composed of three components of 18, 64 and 80 kDa, though the relative contents of the components were different between the sources. Analysis of their N-terminal amino-acid sequences showed that the 18-kDa and 64-kDa components were derived from the 80-kDa component by cleavage between Val159 and Gly160. Furthermore, the enzyme was found to be glycosylated at Asn173 and Asn420 with high mannose-type oligosaccharides, based on the electrophoretic mobility of the components as well as the endopeptidic peptides before and after endoglycosidase treatment. The enzyme purified from leukemic cells was poorly phosphorylated by N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphotransferase as compared to the placental enzyme.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Superoxide dismutase activity, lipid peroxide production and corpus luteum steroidogenesis during natural luteolysis and regression induced by oestradiol deprivation of the ovary in pseudopregnant rabbits.

The relationship of oxygen free radicals to corpus luteum function in rabbits was explored during various stages of pseudopregnancy, including natural and induced luteal regression. Induced luteolysis was achieved during mid-pseudopregnancy by removal of an oestradiol capsule placed at the onset of pseudopregnancy, which suppressed ovarian oestradiol production. Activity of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) was significantly and positively correlated with ovarian progesterone production (P < 0.01) throughout pseudopregnancy and during natural regression. Oestradiol deprivation for 12, 24 or 72 h resulted in declines in Mn SOD activity and progesterone secretion, although Mn SOD rose and corpus luteum steroidogenesis was restored to normal when the capsule was replaced for 48 h before assessment, having been removed for 24 h. Lipid peroxide and progesterone concentrations were not correlated, although a significant rise in lipid peroxides in the luteal tissue was detected after deprivation of oestradiol for 72 h. Changes in progesterone production and Mn SOD activity were not associated with alterations in concentration of prostaglandin F metabolite. These data suggest that Mn SOD may be involved in regulating function of the corpus luteum during pseudopregnancy in rabbits and that oxygen free radicals may play a role in regression of corpus luteum in this species.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Combination of conventional and endotoxin-specific limulus tests for measurement of polysaccharides in sera of rabbits with experimental systemic candidiasis.

Factor G, the coagulation enzyme from limulus amebocytes, is activated by (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan but not by endotoxin. The endotoxin-specific limulus test, which is devoid of factor G, reacts only with endotoxin. However, the conventional limulus test which includes factors G and C, reacts with not only endotoxin but also with (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan. In this study, the culture supernatant of Candida albicans in RPMI medium activated the conventional limulus test, but not the endotoxin-specific limulus test. All five rabbits inoculated intravenously with Candida albicans (1.0 x 10(7) CFU/rabbit) showed increased levels of reactivity with the conventional limulus test, whereas no elevation in the levels of the endotoxin-specific limulus test was observed in the sera of any infected rabbits. Only one serum sample from rabbit No. 5 on day 8 showed a positive Cand-tectest. The difference in the titers of the two limulus tests was suggestive of a diagnosis of Candida infection.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Polysaccharide-coated liposomal amphotericin B for the treatment of murine pulmonary candidiasis.

Amylopectin-coated liposomal amphotericin B was investigated in a murine model of pulmonary candidiasis. The LD50 of amylopectin-coated liposomal amphotericin B in normal mice was more than 10.0 mg/kg, and that of conventional amphotericin B was 1.2 mg/kg. Amylopectin-coated liposomes showed twice the concentration in the lungs of conventional liposomes. Candida albicans was inoculated intratracheally into BALB/C mice. Twenty-four hours later, the number of Candida in the lungs of mice treated with amylopectin-coated liposomes was less than in those treated with conventional liposomes, and amylopectin-coated liposomes improved the survival rate of inoculated mice. Coating liposomes with amylopectin aids the targeting of amphotericin B to the lungs.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1992

A rare case of extramedullary plasmacytoma in the mediastinum.

A rare case of extramedullary plasmacytoma in the mediastinum is reported. An 80-year-old man was admitted for further examination of a mediastinal tumor. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a large mediastinal mass and right interlobar pleural effusion. Needle biopsy under CT guidance established a diagnosis of plasmacytoma. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor cells were producing monoclonal IgA kappa. Serum immunoelectrophoresis revealed an IgA kappa monoclonal component with a serum concentration of 5,040 mg/ml. The bone marrow aspiration was normal. Bone roentgenogram and bone scintigram showed osteoporosis but no neoplastic lesion.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Inhibitory anti-tumor effects of interleukin-4 on Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia and other hematopoietic malignancies.

IL-4 has been shown to possess a broader spectrum of biological activities. Recently, anti-tumor activities of IL-4 on malignant tumors including hematopoietic tumors has been revealed in vitro or in vivo. We investigated the effect of recombinant human (rhIL-4) on the in vitro growth of human leukemia cells and demonstrated the inhibitory anti-tumor activity of rhIL-4 on Ph1-positive ALL cells in association with the decreased activity of cellular tyrosine kinase. This finding suggests that the clinical evaluation of rhIL-4 may offer promising therapeutic possibility for patients with Ph1-positive ALL. In this paper, we presented the IL-4-dependent inhibition of Ph1-positive ALL cells and reviewed implications for mechanism of IL-4-dependent inhibition and anti-tumor activities of IL-4.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1992

[Serum alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in senile dementia].

To evaluate the clinical significance of serum alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin (ACT) as an early diagnostic marker of senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT), we measured 333 healthy and not demented elderly subjects, 27 cases SDAT and 25 cases of vascular dementia (VD). For the measurement, a new high-sensitivity method, double antibody radioimmunoassay method was developed. In healthy elderly subjects, the mean value of serum ACT was 0.229 mg/ml. A tendency towards increase of ACT with aging was noted but was not significant. The serum level of ACT in the SDAT patients was significantly higher (0.309 mg/ml) compared with the healthy elderly subjects and the VD patients (0.226 mg/ml) (p < 0.01). We concluded that in the patients with SDAT, there was an overproduction of ACT and the serum value of ACT was markedly elevated. The measurement of serum ACT is very useful (sensitivity = 88.9%, specificity = 68.7%; cut-off value = 0.250 mg/ml) for the early differential diagnosis of senile dementia.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Etoposide and cisplatin combination chemotherapy in a patient with small cell lung carcinoma under artificial hemodialysis].

A 70-year-old man with small cell carcinoma of the lung who was under artificial hemodialysis, was treated by combined administration of etoposide and cisplatin. Fifty mg. of etoposide in combination with 35 mg. of cisplatin were infused before dialysis. Before one hour and during dialysis, plasma etoposide and platinum levels decreased rapidly. No severe side effect was observed after the administration of etoposide and cisplatin. In conclusion, it was considered that cisplatin and etoposide could be given to the patient with malignant tumor under artificial hemodialysis.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Proton pump inhibitors in the treatment of peptic ulcers resistant to H2-receptor antagonists].

The aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of proton pump inhibitors on peptic ulcers resistant to H2-receptor antagonists. Patients with ulcers resistant to at least 3 months treatment with standard or greater doses of H2-receptor antagonists were treated with 20 mg of omeprazole or 30 mg of lansoprazole, once daily, for 2 to 8 weeks. Endoscopy was performed every 2 weeks to confirm ulcer healing. Eleven of 28 (39%) gastric ulcers healed within 4 weeks and 20 (71%) within 8 weeks with omeprazole. Eight of 19 (42%) gastric ulcers healed within 4 weeks and 14 (74%) within 8 weeks with lansoprazole. All of the duodenal ulcer healed within 6 weeks with omeprazole or lansoprazole. No adverse effects were observed in this study. These results suggest that proton pump inhibitors are highly effective in the treatment of peptic ulcer resistant to H2-receptor antagonists.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1992

[Quality tests for ibuprofen preparations].

Ibuprofen preparations were tested with a view to checking their quality by physical methods such as determination, disintegration and dissolution tests. These studies were carried out on 48 kinds of commercial ibuprofen preparations. The drug content of each preparation was measured by spectrophotometry (264nm), and the values were in the range of 90-110%. In the disintegration tests of 36 tablets, a few tablets of two preparations failed to disintegrate completely after 60 minutes. However the number of such tablets was within the limit specified in JP. The dissolution test described in the USP monograph was also applied to the 36 tablets, and it was found that 9 tablets failed the test provision that over 70% of the tablets must be dissolved within 30 minutes.

Ibuprofen↗
PubMed1992

[In vivo effects on human neutrophils by administration of rhG-CSF and clinical significance].

To evaluate the clinical effect by administration of recombinant human granulocyte-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) post chemotherapy in non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma (NHL), 17 patients with NHL were subjected to this study. Administration of rhG-CSF ameliorated the decrease in absolute neutrophil counts after the cytotoxic chemotherapies and activated neutrophil functions in active oxygen product and expressions of adhesion proteins. To consistent with these results, rhG-CSF administrations post cytotoxic chemotherapy were effective for reducing infection complications associated with neutropenia. Furthermore, administration of rhG-CSF increased peripheral hematopoietic progenitor cells, thus suggesting promising therapeutic potential for autografting. Recently, it has been reported that blood neutrophils may synthesize mRNA and proteins important in inflammation including various cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha and IFN-alpha, but, administration of rhG-CSF showed no obvious effect on the level of either IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha or IFN-alpha in sera, and furthermore, the in vitro stimulation by rhG-CSF induced no significant production of these cytokines and expressions of TNF-alpha and IFN-alpha mRNAs. Finally, we studied on anti-tumor effect of administration of rhG-CSF in CDF1 mice inoculated with syngeneic lymphoma cells. rhG-CSF infusion suppressed the liver metastasis and prolonged the overall survival, thus suggesting the hypothesis that use of rhG-CSF in some patients with NHL might control the disease through stimulating both production and functional activation of neutrophils.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Analysis of thinner components using the Curie-point pyrolyzer-gas chromatographic method in the tissues of a victim fatally poisoned].

A 43-year-old male was found dead in the trunk of his car which was filled with thinner vapor. Thinner components in the tissues were analyzed using a gas chromatograph equipped with Curie-point pyrolyzer (Py-GC), and a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The Py-GC method was able to analyze with very small materials. It was simple and quick but not as sensitive as the head-space gas chromatographic method. Toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes were detected in the tissues, and their presence was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The concentrations of toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes in blood and the brain were 56.8, 6.8 and 4.5 micrograms/ml; and 203, 43.5 and 33.9 micrograms/g, respectively. The cause of death was thus judged as be thinner poisoning.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A fatal case caused by organophosphorus insecticide intoxication and confirmed by the metabolite found in the blood].

An 83-year-old woman and two other members of her family were poisoned after eating lettuce prepared with Ethimethon Granule 6 instead of salt by mistake. Ethimethon Granule 6 is a mixture of organophosphorus pesticides, disulfoton and diazinon. All three were admitted to a hospital, and she died 22 h after ingestion and the others recovered. Disulfoton and diazinon in the remaining lettuce were detected and confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The pesticides, however, were not detected in the blood sample collected from the victim at autopsy. A metabolite of disulfoton, phosphorothiolate sulfone, was detected by FPD-gas chromatography, and confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[A case of suicide by an intravenous injection of pancuronium].

A 25-year-old male anesthesiologist was found dead in his room with an intravenous drip line connected with his leg. There were several empty ampules of pancuronium, midazolam and buprenorphine around him. Pancuronium and midazolam in the blood and urine samples collected at postmortem examination were detected by spectrofluorometry and ECD-gas chromatography, respectively. The concentrations of pancuronium and midazolam were 0.3 micrograms/g and 0.12 micrograms/g in the blood, respectively; 0.9 micrograms/g and 0.05 micrograms/g in the urine, respectively. The cause of death was determined to be asphyxia due to respiratory muscle paralysis caused by pancuronium.

Adult↗