A case of gastric plasmacytoma is reported in an 81-year-old woman. Immunofluorescent and immunoelectrophoretic studies showed that the tumor cells produced IgM-lambda molecules, whereas no monoclonal immunoglobulin could be detected both in the serum and in the urine. Of more than 60 reported cases of gastric plasmacytoma, only a few reports referred to the production of monoclonal immunoglobulin by the tumor cells. This case is the first one of IgM-producing gastric plasmacytoma. Moreover, the produced IgM was found to be 7S-IgM. It is extremely rare that 7S-IgM alone is detected in the absence of 19S-IgM.

Aged↗

PubMed1984

Genesis of resting microglia in the gray matter of mouse hippocampus.

The genesis of resting microglia in the gray matter of mouse hippocampus was studied by 3H-thymidine autoradiography in combination with electron microscopy. Newborn mice were injected with 3H-thymidine singly or repeatedly at different postnatal stages, and killed shortly after the injection or after various intervals. Tissue specimens of the hippocampus at CA1 and CA2 were processed for light and electron microscopic autoradiography. The results showed that at least 91% of glial cells in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampus are produced after birth. About three-fourths of astroglia in this area are produced before the sixth postnatal day, and a larger part of resting microglia are formed after the ninth postnatal day. Morphological transition can be traced from either proliferating cells in the stratum radiatum at late postnatal days to resting microglia, or from those in early postnatal days to astroglia. A continuous morphological transition was observed between the proliferating cells at the late postnatal days (microglial production period) and those at the early postnatal days (astroglial production period). The latter retain some fine structural characteristics similar to small glioblasts in the subependymal layer. These findings strongly suggest that resting microglia, as well as astroglia, are derived from glioblasts, and are of neurectodermal origin.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Immunohistochemical studies of blood monocytes infiltrating into the neonatal rat brain.

Brains of normal rats ranging in age from newborn to adult were observed with immunofluorescence technique using anti- granulomonocyte antiserum. For the first 10 days after birth, many cells with positive fluorescence were found in the white matter, the subependyma , the extra-parenchymal spaces, and the leptomeninx , but very few in the gray matter. They were mononuclear, rich in cytoplasm, and globular or irregular in shape. After about day 10 p.n., the positive cells decreased in number and became slender. However, there was no change in the distribution pattern. After about 3 weeks of age, no positive cells were detected in the brain parenchyma, except for very rare necrobiotic ones. It was suggested that blood monocytes infiltrate into the brain parenchyma of normal neonatal rat, but only for a while in the limited areas (white matter and subependyma ). They have the morphology and distribution of the "ameboid microglia" of neonatal brain. These monocytes disappear from the brain finally by the end of month 1 p.n.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Quantitative measurement of portal blood flow in patients with chronic liver disease using an ultrasonic Duplex system consisting of a pulsed Doppler flowmeter and B-mode electroscanner.

Portal blood flow (PBF) can be measured quantitatively using a B-mode combined pulsed Doppler (BCD) system. This system combines a real time B-mode linear type electroscanner and a pulsed Doppler (D-mode) flowmeter. Since both modes are displayed in realtime, Doppler blood flow signals can be retrieved at will from any depth. The blood flow velocity determined by the Doppler spectrogram and the vascular cross-sectional area measured from the B-mode tomographic image enables the quantitative calculation of blood flow volume. Using this system, PBF was measured quantitatively in 88 healthy adults, 54 patients with chronic hepatitis, 65 with cirrhosis of the liver, 27 with primary hepatoma and 12 with idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH). Results of PBF volume measurement were as follows: 889 +/- 284 ml/min (mean +/- S.D.) for healthy adults, 851 +/- 237 ml/min for patients with chronic hepatitis, 870 +/- 289 ml/min for cirrhosis of the liver, 966 +/- 375 ml/min for primary hepatoma and 1,047 +/- 381 ml/min for IPH. These preliminary results demonstrated that this ultrasonic Duplex system is clinically useful to determine the quantitative amount of PBF.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗

PubMed1984

Second report of an experimental study of cerebrocardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR) in dogs with reference to a new continuous brain cooling method, using a Resusci Pump TM-1.

In our previous report, the effect of CCPR (an intracarotid hypothermic infusion combined with the existing CPR) has been described by the authors on dogs in which cardiac arrest had been induced by the inhalation of nitrous oxide. This report contains a new continuous brain cooling method, using a Resusci Pump TM-1 which has been newly devised by us and which has a carotid-carotid bypass in order to reduce oxygen consumption and cerebral metabolism while maintaining a continuous cerebral blood flow. Cardiac arrest was induced experimentally by electrical stimulation. The duration of cardiac arrest was 5 to 10 min duration. The continuous brain cooling was carried out during the period of 10-30 min. Through the experiment, we have investigated vital signs, acid base balance, cardiac output, carotid arterial blood flow, oxygen availability of the brain tissue, and regional cerebral blood flow in both groups of CPR and CCPR . As for the clinical signs and cardiac output, there were no significant differences between two groups. Oxygen availability of the brain tissue and regional blood flow were much more improved in CCPR group than in CPR group. The brain was selectively cooled by means of the continuous brain cooling. This resulted in the minimum effect on circulatory and respiratory system as compared to the effects caused by general hypothermia. Furthermore, the continuous brain cooling decreased cerebral metabolism and CMRO2, and prevented a progressive development of cerebral hypoxia Cerebral perfusion at a given constant pressure may protect the brain tissue from the disturbance of cerebral microcirculation. Therefore, we might expect the continuous brain cooling to have a beneficial effect on cerebral respiration, circulation and metabolism.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗

PubMed1984