Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Matsui

Publications and source records attributed to T Matsui.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Inhibitory effect of 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxynucleosides on infectivity, cytopathic effects, and replication of human immunodeficiency virus.

It is generally accepted that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the etiologic agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and related diseases. In this report, we demonstrate the antiviral effect of nucleoside analogs 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (DHT) and 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxycytidine (DHC) by using human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-carrying MT-4 cells, which are extremely susceptible to HIV infection. These agents efficiently inhibited the cytopathic effects and expression of HIV-specific antigens in MT-4 cells after infection of the virus. Both DHT and DHC also strongly blocked viral replication as determined by our quantitative bioassay system using a plaque-forming assay. These antiviral effects were obtained at concentrations at which the drugs produced little or no toxicity and were comparable to those with 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine and 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides. These findings warrant further investigation of the use of DHT and DHC for the treatment of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and related diseases.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1987

Plaque staining assay for non- or weakly cytotoxic human immunodeficiency virus.

Cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were selectively stained with peroxidase-coupled antibodies in a recently developed plaque assay for HIV. The numbers of plaques formed with the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III strain of HIV were exactly the same in stained (immunologically detectable) and unstained (visible) dishes. However, four times more plaques were visualized in stained dishes than in unstained dishes when the YU-6 and acquired immune deficiency syndrome-associated retrovirus strains of HIV were used. Linear relationship was observed between the number of stained plaques and the virus concentrations in the titration of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III and YU-6. The assay should be useful for the titration of HIV, especially for non- or weakly cytopathic strains of HIV.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of passive particle agglutination test for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus.

A gelatin particle agglutination assay was compared with indirect immunofluorescence by using 663 serum samples from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related complex patients and asymptomatic male homosexuals in the United States and from hemophiliacs and healthy adult controls in Japan. The results showed that all 104 samples which were positive by indirect immunofluorescence were also positive by particle agglutination, while 5 additional samples were positive by particle agglutination only. The coincidence rate for antibody-positive and antibody-negative specimens was 99% (658 of 663) between particle agglutination and immunofluorescence. Four of the five samples which were positive by particle agglutination only were found by radioimmunoprecipitation to contain anti-env gene products of human immunodeficiency virus. Antibody titers of samples giving a positive reaction by particular agglutination varied from low (titer, 256) to remarkably high (256 X 10(5)). All specimens having particle agglutination titers of more than 10(5) were positive by immunofluorescence. A high correlation (r = 0.66) was observed between the titers of antibodies determined by particle agglutination and those determined by immunofluorescence. After fractionation of a serum sample from an individual at high risk by using high-performance liquid chromatography, it was shown that immunoglobulin M as well as immunoglobulin G human immunodeficiency virus antibody was detected by particle agglutination. Additional serum samples with a potential risk of giving false-positive results, such as heat-treated specimens, specimens containing antibodies to HLA, specimens containing auto-antibodies, and serum samples from individuals with a history of multiple blood transfusions, were shown to be clearly negative by particle agglutination.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1987

Free and integrated forms of hepatitis B virus DNA in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (PLC/342) propagated in nude mice.

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma cells (PLC/342) propagated in nude mice produce hepatitis B surface antigen of subtype adr, as well as core particles containing viral DNA and DNA polymerase. Free and integrated forms of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in the tumor were isolated by molecular cloning, and their nucleotide sequences were determined. Both of the two representative clones of free HBV DNA had the same genomic length (3,158 base pairs) and had two stop codons as well as two deletions in the envelope gene. None of the seven distinct clones of integrated HBV DNA possessed the entire viral genome. The integrated clone sequences had deletions and rearrangements, and only two clones possessed the envelope gene including the promoter and enhancer sequences. The C gene, which codes for core protein, was preserved in the two free clones and one of the integrated clones. The P gene, which codes for DNA polymerase, had deletions at two positions of 21 and 36 base pairs in both free clones, but was carried in toto by one of the integrated clones. The nucleotide sequences of the S genes of two free and four integrated clones, as well as their two inverted repeats, were compared. All of the eight sequences of the S gene possessed two nucleotide substitutions in common that were not displayed by any of the reported HBV genomes. The sequences differed from one another by only 1.2%. They differed, however, from 11 reported HBV genomes of subtype adr by 2.4%, from an ayr genome by 1.9%, from 2 adw genomes by 6.9%, and from 2 ayw genomes by 5.9%. These results indicate that all free and integrated HBV DNA species in the PLC/342 tumor cell evolved from a common progenitor. The free HBV DNA underwent nucleotide substitutions during several integration events, resulting in integrated HBV DNA copies that were similar in sequence but distinct from the reported HBV genomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Transcription of adenovirus 2 major late and peptide IX genes under conditions of in vitro nucleosome assembly.

Plasmid DNA containing adenovirus 2 major late and peptide IX genes was assembled into nucleosomes in vitro, and the assembled nucleosomes were used as a template to study the regulatory mechanism of transcription initiation under these conditions. Neither the major late nor peptide IX genes was transcribed on the already-assembled nucleosomes. However, the major late gene, but not the peptide IX gene, was transcribed efficiently when the DNA was incubated with HeLa cell extracts prior to assembly into nucleosomes. These results indicate that prebinding of some component in the cell extracts to DNA is essential to activate transcription of the major late gene on nucleosomes assembled under the conditions used here. Since gene IX on the nucleosomes was not transcriptionally active regardless of preincubation of DNA with the extracts, some other component or another, different template structure which is not able to be identified in an in vitro system with deproteinized DNA template might be required for activation of peptide IX gene transcription. To know the function of the upstream sequences of the major late gene, effects of the deletion on transcription of nucleosomes were compared with that of deproteinized DNA. The result showed that depression of transcription by deleting the upstream sequences had more effect on nucleosomes than on deproteinized DNA.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1987

Temperature sensitivity of human spermatogonia and spermatocytes in vitro.

To study the effect of temperature on human spermatogenesis, both the number and DNA synthesis of germ cells were investigated in tissue fragments of human testes cultured for 22 h at 31 degrees C and 37 degrees C. The number of differentiated germ cells such as spermatids and spermatozoa cultured at 37 degrees C was significantly smaller than that cultured at 31 degrees C. The number of spermatogonia and resting primary spermatocytes was not significantly different between these two temperatures, but the functional ability of DNA synthesis in these cells was significantly lower at 37 degrees C than at 31 degrees C. It seems that in normal body temperature (37 degrees C) differentiated germ cells such as spermatids and spermatozoa are fragile and the DNA synthesis of spermatogonia and resting primary spermatocytes is retarded.

Culture Techniques↗
PubMed1987

Effect of thyroxine injection on bone growth in malnourished rats at different growth stages.

This study investigated the role of thyroxine on bone growth by injecting it into malnourished weaned and suckling rats. Weaned rats were fed a normal diet or a low-protein, low-energy diet, and injected with saline or thyroxine (5 micrograms/100 g BW) for 22 days. Suckling pups were injected with saline or 2 micrograms of thyroxine, and reared by dams fed a normal diet or a low-protein diet for 15 days. Thyroxine injection decreased body weight gain in both growth stages. Bone length, width and weight were not affected by thyroxine injection in weaned rats. Thyroxine injection increased femur length and tail growth, but did not change bone width in suckling rats. The epiphyseal growth plate and zone of hypertrophic cartilage cells were thinner in malnourished rats than in normal rats at both growth stages, but the number of proliferating chondrocytes was greater in suckling rats that received thyroxine injections than in those that received saline injections. The disappearance of trabeculae was observed in both normal and malnourished weaned rats upon thyroxine injection. These results suggested that retarded bone growth due to malnutrition might be independent of thyroid function in both growth stages.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

A new anti-human immunodeficiency virus substance, glycyrrhizin sulfate; endowment of glycyrrhizin with reverse transcriptase-inhibitory activity by chemical modification.

Glycyrrhizin sulfate (GLS) was synthesized and investigated for antiviral effect on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro in comparison with the parental anti-HIV compound glycyrrhizin (GL). In MT-4 cells after HIV infection, the virus-induced cytopathic effect and the expression of viral antigens were inhibited by 0.25 mg/ml (0.184 mM) of GLS. Moreover, GLS completely inhibited HIV-induced plaque formation in MT-4 cells at a concentration of 1 mg/ml (736 microM), the 50% inhibitory dose being 0.055 mg/ml (40 microM). GLS was found to be an efficient inhibitor of reverse transcriptase. The effect of GLS was 4 times stronger than that of GL in molar terms.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1987

Effect of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on proliferation of activated T-cells and established human lymphotropic virus type I-positive T-cell lines.

The effects of 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] on proliferation and de novo DNA synthesis were studied in the following established human leukemia cell lines: lymphoblastic T-cell lines HPB-ALL, CCRF-HSB-2, p12/lchikawa, and HPB-MLT; adult T-cell leukemia- (ATL) and human lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-infected T-cell lines HUT102, HUT-102B2, MT-1, MT-2, MJ, C2/MJ, KH-2, KH-2Lo, HPB-CTL-1, and ATN-C1; ATL-derived B-cell lines ATL-BK9 and ATL-BK10; lymphoblastic B-cell line Daudi; and myelocytic-monocytic lineage cell lines HL-60 and U937. 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited proliferation and de novo DNA synthesis of phytohemagglutinin-P-activated T-cells and certain established HTLV-I-positive T-cells. However, it did not inhibit immature lymphoblastic T- and B-cells or ATL-derived B-cells. The degree of inhibition depended on the dose of 1,25(OH)2D3 and the heterogeneity of the established HTLV-I-positive T-cells. KH-2 and subclone KH-2Lo were markedly inhibited, and HPB-CTL-1 was moderately inhibited. Marked inhibition of DNA synthesis in KH-2Lo cells was observed in the proliferative phase of the cell cycle. No inhibition of KH-2Lo proliferation or expression of interleukin-2 and transferrin receptor was noted after removal of 1,25(OH)2D3 from the culture medium. 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced multinucleated cell formation of various HTLV-I-positive T-cell lines and TPA-induced HTLV-I p19 expression in KH-2Lo cells.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1987

[Lymphocyte cytotoxicity against autologous tumor cells and the effect of interferon-beta on their activities. (2) Evaluation of large granular lymphocytes (LGL)].

Large granular lymphocytes (LGL) were obtained by Percoll density gradient centrifugation of peripheral mononuclear cells from 15 patients with hematological malignancies (10 acute leukemias and 5 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas). Five-hour 51Cr-release cytotoxic assay by LGL was performed against frozen autologous tumor cells in these patients. Mean percentage cytotoxicity by LGL was 5.6%, and this was enhanced to 15.0% by the addition of IFN-beta to the culture medium. A decrease of cytotoxicity was observed when LGL was treated with anti-Leu 11b antibody plus complement, or when LGL was pretreated with the unlabelled K562 as a competitive inhibition assay. The addition of monocytes also induced a decrease of cytotoxicity, suggesting that monocytes may act as a suppressive agent in autologous tumor cell killing by LGL.

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1987

[Cavernous hemangioma of urinary bladder associated with angiokeratoma of the left leg].

A 45-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with a complaint of asymptomatic macroscopic hematuria. At cystoscopy a multi-lobulated, dark red tumor, the size of a rice grain, was found on the right lateral wall. He also had a 5 X 4 mm purplish skin tumor on the left leg. Double contrast cystogram also showed the shape of the tumor on the right lateral wall of bladder. Based on the aforementioned findings, we diagnosed this case as hemangioma of the urinary bladder associated with the same lesion on the left leg. The bladder tumor was resected transurethrally and the skin lesion was also excised. Pathological diagnoses were cavernous hemangioma of bladder and angiokeratoma of skin, respectively. Including our case we found 62 cases of hemangioma of the urinary bladder in the Japanese literature. Only 5 of them were associated with the hemangiomas of other regions of the body.

Angiokeratoma↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical and pharmacokinetics evaluation of flomoxef in pediatrics].

Flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S), a new parenteral oxacephem antibiotic was investigated for its clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics. The results obtained are summarized below. 1. Twenty-eight patients were treated with 39-152 mg/kg per day of FMOX by intravenous administration. Diagnosis of patients were pneumonia in 15 patients, acute upper respiratory tract infection in 5, acute enterocolitis in 3, urinary tract infection in 2 and cholangitis, suppurative lymphadenitis and suspicious sepsis in 1 patient each. Clinical effect was excellent in 7 cases, good in 8, fair in 5, poor in 2 and 6 cases were excluded because therapy periods were too short and other antibiotics were used together. Efficacy rate was 68% and the rate of bacterial disappearance was 83%. 2. Rash was found in 5 cases and thrombocytosis was found in 1 out of 28 cases. However, no severe adverse reaction was encountered. 3. The peak serum level of FMOX was 51.0 micrograms/ml after 20 mg/kg of drip infusion for 30 minutes and the half-life was 17.2 minutes in alpha-phase and 58.2 minutes in beta-phase.

Adolescent↗