Search for a fourth-generation quark with ||Q||=e/3 in e+e- collisions at sqrt s =56-57 GeV.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
T Matsui
Publications and source records attributed to T Matsui.
Dynamic Debye screening for a heavy-quark-antiquark pair traversing a quark-gluon plasma.
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Journal Article↗
Isolation of a novel receptor cDNA establishes the existence of two PDGF receptor genes.
A genomic sequence and cloned complementary DNA has been identified for a novel receptor-like gene of the PDGF receptor/CSF1 receptor subfamily (platelet-derived growth factor receptor/colony-stimulating factor type 1 receptor). The gene recognized a 6.4-kilobase transcript that was coexpressed in normal human tissues with the 5.3-kilobase PDGF receptor messenger RNA. Introduction of complementary DNA of the novel gene into COS-1 cells led to expression of proteins that were specifically detected with antiserum directed against a predicted peptide. When the new gene was transfected into COS-1 cells, a characteristic pattern of binding of the PDGF isoforms was observed, which was different from the pattern observed with the known PDGF receptor. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor in response to the PDGF isoforms was also different from the known receptor. The new PDGF receptor gene was localized to chromosome 4q11-4q12. The existence of genes encoding two PDGF receptors that interact in a distinct manner with three different PDGF isoforms likely confers considerable regulatory flexibility in the functional responses to PDGF.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Transcatheter arterial embolization using iodized oil (lipiodol) mixed with an anticancer drug for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
The therapeutic results of Lp-TAE (transcatheter arterial embolization with Gelfoam particles preceded by the infusion of a mixture of lipiodol and an anticancer drug via the proper hepatic artery) were evaluated in hepatocellular carcinomas (523 non-resected and 24 resected cases). Excellent therapeutic effects were confirmed not only for the main tumor but also for the daughter nodules by a histological examination of the liver tissues resected after Lp-TAE. The cumulative 1-year, 2-year and 3-year survival rates in the 523 non-resected cases were 60.4%, 42.9% and 28.0% respectively. These survival rates were all higher than those achieved by Gelfoam TAE. The above results suggest the usefulness of Lp-TAE in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
Some aspects of Leucocytozoon caulleryi reinfection in chickens.
The role of first- and second-generation schizonts in acquired immunity to Leucocytozoon caulleryi in chickens was studied. The chickens, which had recovered from a primary infection with various doses of sporozoites at 22-95 days of age, were challenged with sporozoites. First-generation merozoites were found in all of the challenged chickens, but no second-generation merozoites and gametocytes were seen in 30 of 32 chickens challenged with sporozoites. Almost all of the chickens that had recovered from a primary infection with sporozoites showed complete resistance to reinfection, and those that had recovered from a primary infection with first-generation merozoites showed resistance to reinfection with sporozoites. These results indicate that the second-generation schizont of L. caulleryi appears to be more immunogenic than the first-generation schizont and that some immune factors acquired by the chickens in the second generation of schizogony may inhibit the development of second-generation schizonts.
Animals↗
Transformation of oocysts from several coccidian species by heat treatment.
The transformation of sporocysts in oocysts of Eimeria caviae, E. intestinalis, E. nieschulzi, E. separata, E. tenella, Isospora canis, I. heydorni, and Toxoplasma gondii by heat treatment was examined. Fresh unsporulated oocysts from these species were heated at 50 degrees or 55 degrees C for less than 5 min and cultivated at 25 degrees C for 1 week. No transformation of sporocysts was observed in the sporulated oocysts following heating at 55 degrees C, but sporulated oocysts of Tyzzeria and Caryospora types were found in some I. canis and I. heydorni oocysts after heating at 50 degrees C followed by cultivation. A few sporulated oocysts of the Isospora type were observed in E. intestinalis oocysts after cultivation. All transformed sporulated oocysts contained eight sporozoites. In contrast, the number of sporocysts varied from two to 0. These results indicate that sporocyst formation in oocysts was affected by heat treatment. The relationship between the total numbers of sporozoites and sporocysts in the transformed oocysts was consistent with that of the "Octozoic" group classified by Hoare.
Animals↗
The value of double-contrast barium enema in amebic colitis.
We report here our findings on the double-contrast barium enema given to 8 patients with amebic colitis and a comparison is made with endoscopic features. A definite diagnosis of amebic colitis was made by fecal examination or by endoscopic biopsy. Radiologic findings included fine marginal serration, aphthoid ulcers, minute barium flecks, marginal defects, loss of haustration, and deformities of the bowel. Aphthoid ulcers and marginal defects are both characteristic of amebic colitis. The double-contrast barium enema is most useful for differentiating amebiasis from other forms of colitis.
Adult↗
Reaction products of alpha-tocopherol with a free radical initiator, 2,2'-Azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile).
alpha-Tocopherol was reacted with an alkylperoxyl radical at 37 degrees C in ethanol. 2,2'-Azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) was used to generate the alkylperoxyl radicals. The reaction products of alpha-tocopherol were isolated by reverse-phase and normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography, and their structures were characterized by infrared, ultraviolet, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonances and mass spectrometry. They were 8aS-hydroperoxy-alpha-tocopherone, 8aR-hydroperoxy-alpha-tocopherone, a mixture of 7,8-epoxy-8aS-ethoxy-alpha-tocopherone and 7,8-epoxy-8aR-ethoxy-alpha-tocopherone, 8aS-(1R-cyano-1,3-dimethyl)butylperoxy-alpha-tocopherone+ ++, 8aS-(1S-cyano-1,3-dimethyl)butylperoxy-alpha-tocopherone+ ++, a mixture of 8aR-(1R-cyano-1,3-dimethyl)butylperoxy-alpha-tocopherone+ ++ and 8aR-(1S-cyano-1,3-dimethyl)butyl-peroxy-alpha-tocopherone, 4aS,5R-epoxy-8aR-ethoxy-alpha-tocopherone, 4aR,5S-epoxy-8aS-ethoxy-alpha-tocopherone, 4aS,5R-epoxy-8aS-ethoxy-alpha-tocopherone and 4aR,5S-epoxy-8aR-ethoxy-alpha-tocopherone.
Alkylation↗
New development and progression of renal scarring in children with primary VUR.
To study the development of new scars and progression of previous scarring, we analysed 711 children with primary VUR. New scar or progression of previous scarring was observed in 7.3% of the kidneys with reflux. Factors which promote the formation of new scars are high-grade VUR, recurrent UTIs and high-pressure bladder which results in high-pressure reflux. The average age of new scarring was from 7 to 9 years. We emphasize the importance of the follow-up study until the age of 15 years, even after reflux has stopped following surgery.
Adolescent↗
Ileal adenomas in postcolectomy patients with familial adenomatosis coli/Gardner's syndrome. Incidence and endoscopic appearance.
Endoscopy and biopsy of the terminal ileum were performed in 18 patients with familial adenomatosis coli/Gardner's syndrome. All had undergone total colectomy with ileoproctostomy 7 to 249 months (average, 79.7 months) before the study. In all of these patients, endoscopic studies revealed multiple or innumerable small (less than 4 mm in diameter) polypoid lesions, all recognizable as whitish, sessile elevations. Histologic findings of the biopsy specimens from the polypoid lesions showed tubular adenoma, with or without lymphoid hyperplasia, in nine (50 percent), but only lymphoid hyperplasia in the other nine patients. Colonic metaplasia was present in the adjacent ileal mucosa in 3 patients with ileal adenomas. The incidence (83 percent) of ileal adenomas detected 113 to 249 months after colectomy was higher than that (33 percent) found 7 to 90 months after surgery. In view of these results, endoscopy and biopsy of the terminal ileum, as well as the retained rectum, should be done periodically for postcolectomy patients with this disease.
Adenoma↗
Muscular dystrophy-like disease in a thoroughbred foal.
A 1-month-old male thoroughbred foal, which had difficulty in walking, was killed and examined by histological, histochemical and ultrastructural methods. The muscles of the trunk and upper hind limbs were chiefly affected, and changes in the affected muscles resembled those in muscular dystrophy in man. The type of muscular dystrophy present in this foal and the significance of this disease in thoroughbred horses are discussed. The dystrophy in this foal resembled the limb-girdle type or myotonic dystrophy of muscular dystrophy in man.
Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
Glutathione conjugation of synthetic steroids in isolated rat hepatocytes.
When designing steroid drugs with multiple double bonds, the influence of glutathione conjugation on the pharmacodynamics of drug action should be considered. We have examined the effect of canrenone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, on isolated rat hepatocytes and found that 1 mM canrenone injured the hepatocytes during shortterm incubation at 37 C, while an analogue of canrenone which bears 4 double bonds (delta 1,11-CAN) did not manifest such toxicity. To further pursue this, we prepared testosterone analogues comprising multiple double bonds as model compounds, and incubated them with freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. The viability of the hepatocytes was not influenced by any of the steroids, but some of them having a double bond at the C6-C7 position reduced the cellular glutathione levels. This was found to be due to conjugation of glutathione to the C7 position of the steroid molecule, and the rate of conjugation was accelerated when an additional double bond was introduced at C1-C2 or C11-C12 positions. The finding is interesting as glucuronidation or sulfation are common as conjugation processes of steroids.
Animals↗
Primary empty sella syndrome caused by an abnormal dilatation of the optic recess.
A new variety of primary empty sella syndrome is reported. A partial herniation of the optic chiasm into an enlarged empty sella compressed by a dilated optic recess mimicking a cystic tumor was confirmed at operation. The pathogenesis and the treatment of this type of empty sella syndrome are discussed.
Adult↗
Natural history of duodenal lesions in Japanese patients with familial adenomatosis coli (Gardner's syndrome).
The natural history of duodenal lesions was studied in 20 patients with familial adenomatosis coli/Gardner's syndrome. These patients were followed for an average of 7.1 yr (range 1 yr, 7 mo to 12 yr, 2 mo) and repeatedly examined by hypotonic duodenography, duodenofiberscopy, and biopsy. Tubular adenomas of the duodenum (less than 8 mm in diameter) were present in 18 (90%). During the follow-up period, there was a slight increase or decrease in the number of duodenal adenomas in 4 patients but no distinct change in 13. In the remaining patient (aged 49 yr), a polypoid lesion (17 mm in diameter) of the duodenal bulb, which had been overlooked at the initial examination, became an advanced cancer (50 x 30 mm in size) during 22 mo. Tubular adenomatous tissue of the duodenal papilla was detected in 11 patients (55%). Follow-up study of the lesions revealed no change in endoscopic and histologic findings in all but 1 patient, in whom there was a slight enlargement of the duodenal papilla, as seen at endoscopy. These findings suggest to us that in patients with this disease, duodenal adenomas do not require prophylactic surgery. However, careful repeated follow-up examinations with endoscopic biopsy should be performed, with endoscopic removal of larger polyps when possible.
Adenoma↗
Brunner's gland hamartoma associated with microcarcinoids.
We report on the case of a 51-year-old female with a pedunculated duodenal tumor that was covered with normal duodenal mucosa. Histology of the endoscopically resected tumor revealed Brunner's gland adenoma with two foci of microcarcinoids. To our knowledge, such a case has not been reported in the literature.
Adenoma↗
Autocrine mechanism for v-sis transformation requires cell surface localization of internally activated growth factor receptors.
v-sis represents a prototype for the class of oncogenes that encode growth factors. Whether its platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-like product functionally activates its receptors within the cell or at the cell surface has potential implications in efforts to intervene with the v-sis-transformed phenotype. We demonstrate that intracellular as well as cell surface forms of two PDGF receptor gene products are tyrosine phosphorylated in v-sis transformants. In a chemically defined medium in which cell growth was dependent on v-sis expression, proliferation was partially inhibited by PDGF neutralizing antibody but completely blocked by suramin. Suramin treatment resulted in a marked reduction in tyrosine phosphorylated cell surface PDGF receptors but had no effect on the level of tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular receptor species. All of these findings demonstrate that the v-sis-encoded mitogen can bind and activate its receptors internally but that activated receptors must achieve a cell surface location in order to functionally couple with intracellular mitogenic signaling pathways.
Animals↗
Independent expression of human alpha or beta platelet-derived growth factor receptor cDNAs in a naive hematopoietic cell leads to functional coupling with mitogenic and chemotactic signaling pathways.
Distinct genes encode alpha and beta platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptors that differ in their abilities to be triggered by three dimeric forms of the PDGF molecule. We show that PDGF-receptor mitogenic function can be reconstituted in a naive hematopoietic cell line by introduction of expression vectors for either alpha or beta PDGF receptor cDNAs. Thus, each receptor is independently capable of coupling with mitogenic signal-transduction pathways inherently present in these cells. Activation of either receptor also resulted in chemotaxis, alterations in inositol lipid metabolism, and mobilization of intracellular Ca2+. The magnitude of these functional responses correlated well with the binding properties of the different PDGF isoforms to each receptor. Thus, availability of specific PDGF isoforms and relative expression of each PDGF-receptor gene product are major determinants of the spectrum of known PDGF responses.
Animals↗
Purification and properties of an aminopeptidase from Alaska pollack, Theragra chalcogramma, roe.
An aminopeptidase was isolated from a soluble fraction of Alaska pollack roe in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol by fractionation with ammonium sulfate and column chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, hydroxyapatite, and Sephadex G-200. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 125,000 and 105,000 by gel filtration and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. The pH optimum and temperature optimum were 7.2 and 35 degrees C, respectively. The purified enzyme hydrolyzed various alpha-aminoacyl beta-naphthylamides and cleaved L-Ala-beta-naphthylamide most rapidly. Both a sulfhydryl group and a divalent metal ion are essential for activity; however, the enzyme was inhibited when incubated with divalent metal ions. Puromycin, chelating agents, and thiol reagents were effective inhibitors. The enzyme was also inhibited by L-amino acids, in particular glutamic acid. Thus, the Alaska pollack roe aminopeptidase resembles soluble alanyl aminopeptidase [EC 3.4.11.14].
Amino Acids↗