Based upon literature data, the authors set up a theory asserting that the yellow bone marrow has the character of an "organ", as revealed by a series of structural and reactive features of its angioarchitectonics. The diaphyseal bone marrow has a well-defined anatomic hilus; at the place where the nutritive artery penetrates into the marrow, a sphincteric apparatus may be observed; the main arteries follow a spiral path closely related to the central venous sinus, they divide dichotomically and put forth on their way special vascular apparatuses which seem to regulate the intramedullary circulatory output. The terminal arterial ramifications form a segmental structure, while the blood is drained by the central venous sinus corresponding to the hilar veins of the solid organs. The vascular network of the bone marrow has a remarkable potential for regeneration, being capable of full reproduction after mechanical destruction.

Arteries↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Blood flow regulators in the arterial system.

Based on literature data and own results, the author describes the morphological peculiarities of arterial blood flow regulators. Terminology and opinions concerning these structures are discussed. Also pointed out is the importance of axially disposed smooth muscle cells, which --- together with the two lamina of internal elastic membrane, and the adventitia --- form a functional flow modulating system. Author concludes that the endothelial cushions are not pathological formations, but normal structural variations appearing during embryonal and perinatal life, as consequences of certain hemodynamic circumstances with local characteristics. Suggestions are given for re-estimation of classical data concerning the supposed blood flow regulating function of the embryo-fetal obliterated cords attached to vessels. New arguments are brought in support of the contribution of the close relations between large arteries and the surrounding osseous, muscular and fibrous structures to the control and modulation of the blood stream.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental model for reproduction of monoradicular compression by disk hernias].

Monoradicular compression was achieved with an original technique. As a compressive factor the authors made use of a device that can be easily removed by a simple monoeuver. From the clinical and functional aspects the nervous suffering induced in 11 dogs was similar to that encountered in men with intervertebral disc hernia. From the histological viewpoint, irritative phenomena were noted over the entire area of distribution of the compressed spinal nerve. Degenerative aspects were also observed in the thick myelin fibres. Similar lesions developed on the opposite side, in the neighbouring medullary segments. Ten months after the suppression of the compression minor degenerative lesions were noted in the nervous elements on both sides, as well as a large number of regenerated fibres suggesting an aspect of neurinoma. The electromyographic aspects were in support of the histologic data. These results can be extrapolated in the human pathology.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Data concerning the histogenesis of intrahepatic biliary ducts in human embryofetal life.

The development and histostructural organization of intrahepatic biliary ducts were studied on a human embryofetal material 6 to 32 weeks old. These formations appeared during the whole study period, in close connexion with the extension of the portal vasculo-connective spaces. In the epitheliomesenchymal contact area, the liver cells of limiting plates possessing an increased histogenetic plasticity will generate, through a metamorphosis process, the bordering epithelia of intrahepatic biliary structures.

Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Regeneration of intrahepatic biliary ducts after subtotal hepatectomy in rats.

The regenerative morphogenesis of intrahepatic biliary ducts in subtotally hepatectomized rats was studied at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after operation. Histological findings showed that during the postmitotic stage of hepatoregeneration, between the 1st and 2nd postoperatory week the regenerated biliary structures appeared in close connection with the newly formed vasculo-connective portal spaces. The poorly differentiated periportal cells generated through a gradual metamorphosis the bordering cells of the regenerating intrahepatic biliary ducts. These plead for the similarity of histogenetic mechanisms in regenerative and embryofetal cholangiogenesis.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Data regarding the typology and functional significance of the venous valves.

Many authors described in detail the morphological features of human venous valves, but less their functional architecture. The present study provides additional information concerning the valvular anatomy, to enable its functional interpretation. The previously reported data and the author's results showed the regional distribution and characteristics of venous valves in different areas of the human body. Certain findings suggested a reorganization after birth of the venous valves which are frequently met in fetus. The close relation between hemodynamic mechanisms and the blood guiding structures may explain the changes (disappearance or persistence) of venous valves in some areas after birth. Significance of the rudimentary folds, resembling valves, is not yet elucidated. Based on his observations, the author attempted a new classification of the veins. The relations between density and morphological peculiarities of venous valves in different vein types showed that the constant valves were always involved in the local hemodynamics. Bardeleben's principles referring to the location and topographical arrangement of venous valves can be applied only to certain areas of the limbs, but not to other regions. In this paper there are described and functionally interpreted the venous valves of all territories of the human body.

Azygos Vein↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical anatomy of the vagus nerve].

In the paper are reviewed the data from the literature and the personal observations of the authors which indicate that the vagus nerve trunks have a mixed fiber structure, different from that indicated by the classical descriptions of the vagus nerves. A series of details are presented, concerning the radius of distribution of vagal emanations in the sub-diaphragmatic territory. Special stress is laid on the innervation of the surgical aspects are mentioned, and of pathological physiology, with theoretical implications, as well of practical importance for troncular vagotomy.

Humans↗