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Biomedical subjects

T Machida

Publications and source records attributed to T Machida.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[An autopsy case of double cancer (Hepatocellular carcinoma and mixed germ cell tumor of the testis)--significance of alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin as tumor markers].

A 43-year-old male suffering from liver cirrhosis was admitted with complaints of general malaise and anorexia. Admission laboratory data evidenced high levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Histopathologically, the resected left testis and supraclavicular enlarged lymph nodes revealed mixed germ cell tumor. After castration, the serum HCG level normalized, but AFP continued to increase. Autopsy findings did not unequivocally show mixed germ cell tumor, however, massive type hepatocellular carcinoma was present. These findings suggest that the hepatocellular carcinoma produced AFP, while the mixed germ cell tumor produced HCG.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental chemotherapy of human testicular carcinoma transplanted in nude mice].

The testicular carcinoma serially transplanted in nude mice with BALB/c genetic background was used for experimental chemotherapy. A stable growth and a high production of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were observed in this tumor line. The effect and side effect of Cis-platinum (CDDP) and other anticancer agents on this tumor line in nude mice were studied by the chemotherapy with single administration of CDDP 2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg, and the combination chemotherapy with CDDP, Vinblastine (VBL) 0.1 mg/kg, Bleomycin (BLM) 0.5 mg/kg and Cyclophosphamide (CTX) 2 mg/kg. The body weight of the tumor bearing nude mice, the tumor size (length X breadth) and serum AFP level were measured every week up to 10 weeks after inoculation of the tumor mass. Six weeks after administration of these anticancer agents, the tumor mass was removed out and examined histologicaly. The effects of CDDP and other anticancer agents were observed as inhibition of the tumor growth and regression of the tumor mass. In the groups treated by the combination chemotherapy with either CDDP + VBL + BLM or CDDP + VBL + CTX, the most remarkable inhibition and regression were observed. The AFP levels were remarkably decreased in contrast with those of the control group. The changes of serum AFP levels were reflected in the tumor growth. The serum AFP levels fell down to normal level, however, the tumor mass was clearly recognized. The tumor tissue was damaged histologicaly by the single administration of CDDP. The most remarkable change was shown in the group treated by the combination chemotherapy CDDP 4mg/kg + VBL + BLM. The tumor cells were arranged one or two layers like the epithelium. This histological findings suggested that the malignant tumor could be differentiated to benign tumor. The side effect of CDDP and other anticancer agents was observed as a loss of weight. All of mice treated by the single administration at a dose of CDDP 6 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg died of the side effect of CDDP.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of extended chemotherapy using tegafur following surgery of stage III stomach cancer].

The effect of postoperative long-term chemotherapy was evaluated in 89 patients who were treated with daily oral administration of 600-800 mg of tegafur for 2 years after gastrectomized because of stage III stomach cancer in our department from 1975 to 1977. Other 128 patients, as control, were given no chemotherapy after undergoing an operation from April, 1967 to the end of 1974. The minimum, crude 5-year-survival rate in the group given chemotherapy was significantly higher (57.3%) than that in the control group (35.2%). Twenty-six patients without lymphnode metastasis and 36 patients with n1 (+) metastasis in the treated group showed significantly higher 5-year-survival rate of 77% and 64%, respectively compared to the control group (46% and 33%, respectively). The patients having n2 (+) metastasis in the treated group, however, showed no significantly higher 5-year-survival rate (30%) compared to the comparable patients in the control (17%). The 5-year-survival rate in 54 cases treated with the total dose of more than 200 g of the drug was 78%, whereas that in other 35 cases receiving lesser dose was 26%. Furthermore, 35 cases given more than 300 g of the drug showed the 5-year-survival rate of 88.6%. These data showed that a postoperative long-term chemotherapy with tegafur remarkably improved the 5-year-survival rate of the patients with stage III stomach cancer, especially when given for more than 18 months at the total dosis of more than 300 g.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Visualization of cerebellopontine angle diseases by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging].

The preliminary results from the clinical use a prototype whole body nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) machine constructed by Toshiba Inc. are presented. Cranial NMR scans were performed on more than 30 cases with broad spectrum of neurologic diseases using saturation-recovery and inversion-recovery sequences with a field strength of 1500 Gauss. Selective excitation sequence was used for the slice selection and filtered backprojection was used to reconstruct the images. They were displayed on a 256 X 256 matrix as 12 mm thick sections. Data acquisition time varied between 3 and 12 minutes. Our initial experiences with six cases harboring cerebellopontine angle lesions disclosed advantages and disadvantages of NMR imaging in comparison with X-ray CT. The advantages were the absence of linear artifacts from the surrounding bone, the marked gray-white matter differentiation, and the variety of tomographic planes available. The disadvantages included the lack of bone detail, the lack of visualization of the major intracranial vessels, and the long time required for scanning (several minutes per slice). Although much continued evaluation is necessary, NMR seems to have vast potential as a diagnostic tool.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnosis and treatment of renal cell carcinoma].

Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most difficult malignant tumors for early diagnosis. It is rare that the classic symptoms such as hematuria, a renal mass and flank pain appear simultaneously. Only in about 7% of renal cell carcinoma patients these symptoms occurred simultaneously. Hematuria is an important symptom, and in our series 46% of the patients with renal cell carcinomas were conscious of macrohematuria as an initial symptom. As an initial symptom, a mass was palpable in 8% and flank pain was felt in 13% of the patients with renal cell carcinomas. Nonurologic symptoms were observed as initial symptoms in 33% cases, suggesting physician's particular attention on these symptoms. Initial diagnosis of renal cell carcinomas begins with urinary tract x-ray examination, which is followed by ultrasonography, CT scan, and if necessary, angiography. These procedures make definite diagnosis possible and define clinical staging. The most basic and reliable treatment method established for renal cell carcinomas is surgery--radical nephrectomy. Much cannot be expected from chemotherapy or radiotherapy as an adjuvant modality. To what extent lymphoadenectomy should be performed at the time of radical surgery is a question still to be definitely answered, but the lymph node of the renal pedicle should be removed completely. While any chemotherapeutic drug or method has not yet been established, an increasing number of useful agents have been studied. Radiotherapy is now used exclusively as adjuvant therapy for metastatic tumors. In order to improve clinical results, it is necessary to establish an appropriate approach according to clinical stage. In particular, establishment of approach to progressive carcinomas is imperative.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Computed tomography of suprasellar cystic lesions].

Difficulties are often encountered in the differential diagnosis of suprasellar cystic lesions in computed tomography (CT). During the past 5 years and 7 months we experienced 22 such cases. In this report we tried to review the characteristic CT findings for the differential diagnosis of these lesions. Population of this study is consisted by 7 pituitary adenomas (4 non-functioning adenomas, 2 prolactinomas and 1 GH-secreting adenoma), 8 craniopharyngiomas, 4 arachnoid cysts and 3 Rathke's cleft cysts. In cases of pituitary adenomas and craniopharyngiomas, we included only those cases which were found to be completely cystic. Each case was scanned before and after contrast material injection and in majority of cases coronal scans were also obtained after contrast injection. The analysis was based on the CT appearance of the shape, the content and the wall of each cyst. The wall of the cyst was evaluated according to its thickness, density, presence of calcification and contrast enhancement. In 14 out of 22 cases the X-ray attenuation values of their content were calculated after setting the ROI in the cyst on the CT display console. Craniopharyngioma often showed calcification in its wall, which was not seen in the wall of pituitary adenoma. The wall of pituitary adenoma revealed contrast enhancement in all cases, but half of craniopharyngioma showed no contrast enhancement in its wall. These two points are useful for the differential diagnosis of these lesions which we encounter most frequently.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

[A case of arteriovenous fistulae secondary to renal cell carcinoma accompanied by congestive heart failure].

The patient was a 62-year-old male who had visited a physician with the chief complaint of fever. After IVP and CT scanning, left real carcinoma was suspected and he was transferred to our hospital on March 2, 1982. The chest X-ray showed cardiac enlargement, distention of the pulmonary veins and symptoms of congestive heart, such as dyspnea. Selective renal angiography revealed marked arteriovenous fistulae present in the neovascularity, while cardiac echo and VCG did not suggest any disease of the endocardium or the valves. Thus, the case was diagnosed as cardiac insufficiency caused by renal cell carcinoma accompanied by arteriovenous fistulae. On March 31, 1982, left transabdominal nephrectomy was performed. The specimen measured 6 x 6.5 x 13.5 cm and weighed 395 g. Histological examination of the specimen showed clear cell carcinoma, and fragmentation of the lamina elastica was observed in the arteries. Improvements in the chest X-ray findings as well as the subjective symptoms were observed post-operatively, and the patient was discharged on April 21, 1982. Since cases of renal cell carcinoma accompanied by renal arteriovenous fistulae in which congestive heart failure develops are rare in Japan, we have reported this case.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Photocystoscopy: experience with a new telescope and polaroid camera].

The ability to photograph the interior of the bladder accurately just by pressing a button has great clinical merit. This approach, which has become a basic method in gastrointestinal endoscopy, is now possible in cystoscopy. We will call this technique which uses a newly designed telescope, Olympus A 3405 and Polaroid Instant Endocamera EC-3 with Polaroid High Speed Color Land Film 600, photocystoscopy . The telescope used in photocystoscopy has more improved resolution and homogeneous brightness through its field of view than the conventional telescope, Olympus O 3405. The photographic image of the bladder interior taken by the Polaroid camera has a good color and fine resolution but its size which is 2.5 cm in diameter is too small for clinical use. Color instantographs by the Polaroid camera are most appropriate for use in photocystoscopy , but many devices and improvements are necessary before it can be used routinely.

Cystoscopes↗
PubMed1983

[A long-term survival after partial nephrectomy in a case of pelvic tumor arising in a solitary kidney].

A 44-year-old man was admitted on January 21, 1975 because of asymptomatic hematuria. The patient had nephrectomy of his left kidney due to nephritis at the age of three. Cystoscopy revealed no abnormalities, and excretory urography showed an irregular filling defect and slight ectasia in right upper calyx. A clinical diagnosis of pelvic tumor of the right kidney was made and partial nephrectomy was performed on April 18, 1975. The resected kidney was 4.5 X 5.0 X 6.5 cm in greatest dimension and the tumor was well localized in the upper calyx. Pathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma, papillary, grade 11, stage 1. About 2 years after the operation, the patient developed a rice-sized tumor in the bladder neck followed by transurethral resection. Otherwise he is in good condition to date, 7 years and 4 months after the partial nephrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Retinal arteriolar tortuosity with macular hemorrhage.

A 58-year-old Japanese woman showed bilateral retinal arteriolar tortuosity with macular hemorrhage. Ophthalmoscopically, the retinal vein was normal, and other arteriosclerotic and hypertensive arteriolar changes were slight. The medical examination and laboratory tests did not reveal any significant etiologic factors. The hemorrhage absorbed rapidly, and visual outcome was excellent. To our knowledge, this case is the first reported in an Oriental.

Arterioles↗
PubMed1982

Papillary adenocarcinoma of the rete testis: a case report.

A papillary adenocarcinoma of the rete testis in a 67-year-old man is presented. The tumor was localized in the rete testis, showing no involvement of the adjacent testicular parenchyma or the epididymis. The tumor cells manifested a transition to the normal epithelial cells of the rete testis. The electron microscopic features of this tumor are compared with those of the normal epithelial cells of the rete testis.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗