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Biomedical subjects

T M Smirnova

Publications and source records attributed to T M Smirnova.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The ability for psych self-regulation as a factor in resistance to the stresses in extreme conditions of space flight].

Significance of the ability for psych self-regulation in the context of resistance to the stresses of space flight was studied in an experiment with 9 test-subjects simulating such factors of space flights as 8 to 9-day isolation and confinement, some physiological effects of microgravity in a head-down position at -8 degrees for 7 d, artificial climate, and implementation of dock and piloting operations. Stress resistance, self-regulation, mental performance and behavior were assessed with the use of computerized tests "Mirror coordinograph", "Relaxometer", and "SOPR-monitoring". The ability to voluntary control psych was shown to be favorable to stress-resistance and rapid recovery of mental efficiency after the natural decline in consequence of the experimental simulation. The ability for psych self-regulation is one of the major criteria of professional selection for exposure to extreme conditions.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Photolysis of total histone and pBr-322 plasmid DNA in the ultraviolet vacuum region of the spectrum].

The action of VUV and far UV (lambda greater than 240 nm) radiation of aqueous solutions of total histone by means of electrophoresis method is compared. By VUV photolysis the more effective destruction of HI and HIA histone fractions is determined. It may be explained by interaction of total histone with water radicals (H, OH) formed by VUV photodissociation (indirect mechanism). By VUV irradiation of plasmid pBR-322 DNA in aqueous solutions the indirect action mechanism of single strand breaks in DNA is established.

DNA↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Individual characteristics of water-mineral metabolism during 120-day head-down tilt hypokinesia and the effectiveness of prophylactic measures].

Sodium balance and circulating plasma, intracellular, extracellular and interstitial fluid volumes were measured in the test subjects exposed for 120 days to head-down tilt at -5 degrees. The large scatter of the above parameters was associated with individual variations and with the use of different countermeasures against demineralization (exercise and drugs-xydiphone and glucamak). The effect of the countermeasures was different both in qualitative and quantitative terms. It appears that the target of their action was different. The best prophylactic effect was seen when exercise and drugs were used in combination. These findings suggest that individual variations of fluid-electrolyte metabolism during prolonged hypokinesia are related to the different capacity of tissues for water and electrolytes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mathematical model of the postradiation recovery of the hematopoietic system].

The paper describes a mathematical model of hemopoiesis that takes into consideration postradiation arrest of mitoses and the stimulatory effect of a lack of functional cells on the yield of dividing cells into the maturing pool. Computer-aided modelling shows good agreement with the experimental data.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Various possibilities for using computer dialogs in biomedical research].

Problems involved in the development of interaction software for biomedical investigations and in the preparation of experimenters for using a computer in the interactive mode are discussed. An interaction program for data analysis is suggested. The program is used to build an interactive modification that makes it possible to carry out a computer-aided verification of the mechanisms of erythropoiesis regulation in space flight. It is shown that a simple interactive terminal facility can be employed in the software of biomedical investigations, taking into account changes in the requirements placed by users and their experience of computer interaction.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Recovery of hemopoiesis in rats irradiated in space].

Repair regeneration of hemopoiesis of rats exposed to gamma irradiation with doses of 220 and 800 rad in space flight was studied. There was an insignificant difference in the dynamics of the most blood and bone marrow formed elements. It can be concluded that myelopoiesis in space flight was more active than on the Earth. Irradiation of animals with 800 rad aboard the biosatellite Cosmos-690 induced more pronounced hemopoietic changes than the ground-based exposure (on the 1st-2nd post-flight day the count of myelokaryocytes and lymphocytes in bone marrow decreased). The Most hematological parameters returned to the norm on the 36-37th post-irradiation day (on the 26th postflight day).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Calcium pooling by plasma and extra-plasma buffer systems: effects of prolonged hypokinesia].

Healthy test subjects were intravenously injected with calcium solutions during ambulatory activity and after 100-day exposure to head-down tilt. It was demonstrated that different mechanisms were involved in maintaining ionized calcium at a constant level and that their contribution changed after the tilt study. It was also shown that the capacity of extra plasma pool was decreased, kinetic characteristics of the Ca2+ binding reaction were modified, and responses of mineralotropic hormones to induced hypercalcemia were enhanced.

Adolescent↗