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Biomedical subjects

T M Smirnova

Publications and source records attributed to T M Smirnova.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Long-term obsidan therapy of ischemic heart disease patients at high risk for sudden death].

To study the possibilities of long-term obsidan treatment of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) patients with high risk of sudden death 865 men aged 35-39 years with IHD were examined twice. After the examination including a 24-hour ECG monitoring and the tread-mill test 175 men were selected with grade 2 and over of ventricular extrasystole without contraindications to prolonged treatment with obsidan. The patients were divided into two groups: the treated group (with obsidan) and a control group without active treatment. The treatment with obsidan began with 40 mg/day, the dose being gradually increased. The daily dose was assessed as adequate for stable decrease of the heart rate by 15-20%. As a result of treatment it was possible to decrease the heart rate by 19.2%, on the average, in the control group it was 2.8%. Systolic and diastolic arterial pressure decreased in the first group by 11%, in the control group it rose by 4%. Improvement in angina pectoris course in the first group rose by 16%, in the other group only by 6%. A certain tendency has been recorded in the group of obsidan treated patients to lowering the number of those with 4-5 grades of ventricular extra-systole.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical and angiographic comparisons in stable stenocardia].

Comparative data of clinical, instrumental and coronarographic studies in 185 patients with ischaemic heart disease and stable angina pectoris are presented. It is concluded that in the evaluation of the severity of ischaemic heart disease along with the clinical data it behooves to give due consideration to the additional signs of chronic ischaemia of the myocardium: changes in repolarization on ECG at rest and after exercise, local disorders of the function of the left ventricle, disorders of lactic acid metabolism and cardiac rhythm.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Results of the physical loading test and the late outcome of chronic ischemic heart disease].

To test the value of bicycle ergometry as an exercise test for prognosis in ischaemic heart disease the method was used in 300 men after myocardial infarction. The assessment of prognostic significance of different combinations of indices of the exercise test was made with the aid of the method of consecutive "risk-stratification". Combinations of indices have been determined identifying persons with high death risk from ischaemic heart disease. These patients made up 28% of the total number of persons examined, they comprised 91% of all death cases from ischaemic heart disease and 94% of cases of sudden deaths. Mortality in this group was 25 times higher and the death frequency, 45 times higher than in the other lot examined; a combination of indices has been found for load test with very high risk of sudden death (mortality 71%), and also a combination of indices identifying persons with high risk of repeated non-fatal infarction and of persons with a favourable prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Significance of ventricular extrasystole found in myocardial infarct patients in the late hospital phase for the vital prognosis].

A total of 540 patients with myocardial infarction were studied 4 weeks after the inception of acute myocardial infarction with the aid of a portable monitor recording ECG on a magnetic tape. There were 44 cases of death, including 31 sudden (within 6 hours) deaths. Untoward results were seen with early and volley ventricular extrasystolae. The prognostic significance of the polytopic and paired ventricular extrasystolae depended on angina pectoris of effort. A group of patients differing by the degree of risk of sudden death has been isolated. Cases of sudden coronary death were seen more often in the group of patients with complicated ventricular extrasystolae.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Electrocardiographic exercise testing and ambulatory monitoring to identify patients with ischemic heart disease at high risk of sudden death.

Prognostic significance of ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring and exercise testing was studied in 144 patients with established ischemic heart disease. A follow-up study showed that 10 sudden deaths occurred within 2 years. The univariates most strongly associated with the subsequent occurrence of sudden death included reduced maximal exercise heart rate, exercise-induced frequent ventricular arrhythmias, complex ventricular arrhythmias revealed by 24 hour ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring and onset of S-T segment depression during exercise testing. Groups of patients at very high and very low risk of sudden death were identified using conjunction and inclusive disjunction of the foregoing variable. The presence of bivariate and trivariate combinations was associated with an increase up to 20-fold in the incidence of sudden death. Patients with the poorest prognosis were those who stopped exercise before achieving a high heart rate and who exhibited either pronounced electrocardiographic abnormalities during stress testing or complex ventricular arrhythmias during ambulatory monitoring. Combinations of exercise variables identified patients at a very high risk of sudden death, whereas combinations of monitoring variables appeared to be preferable for defining groups of patients at very low risk. The results obtained suggest that the two methods carry different prognostic information and, therefore, may complement each other in identifying potential victims of sudden cardiac death.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Use of long-term monitoring observation and a physical load test for detecting persons with a high risk of sudden death among chronic ischemic heart disease patients].

During a two-year follow-up of 144 patients who had recovered from myocardial infarction and who were subjected to the physical load test and ECG recording for 24 hours by Holster's method 10 cases of sudden death were encountered. A statistically significant correlation was revealed (p less than 0.001) between a definite combination of the results of the physical load test and ECG monitoring and the subsequent sudden death. The study showed that these methods may be considered mutually complementary in detecting individuals with a poor prognosis. The results of the analysis may be used as criteria in the selection of individuals who are threatened most with sudden death.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of temperature on the duration of mitosis in mammalian cells cultivated outside the body].

Nine cell strains of different origin were cultivated at 28--36 degrees with the interval of 2 degrees. During the phase of logarithmic culture growth, the duration of mitosis (Tm) was determined by means of colchicine method. A strict temperatural dependence Tm, obeyed to Arrenius' law was revealed. Temperature range within which Arreinius' law is valid in different cell strains is not alike. Cultivation of L cells and connective tissue cells from Chinese hamster to 39, 41and 42 degrees demonstrated their upper critical point Tm to be for L cells 39 degrees, for connective tissue cells from the Chinese hamster--41 degrees. Electron microscopic investigations demonstrated that cell cultivation within physiological (mitosis destroying) range of temperatures does not notably effect their ultrastructural organization.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Use of the variation pulsimetry in the evaluation of diurnal dynamics of cardiac rhythm in patients with ischemic heart disease and functional disorders of the cardiovascular system].

The results of employing the method of variation pulsimetry and dynamic electrocardiography in 30 patients are discussed. Analysis of the circadian dynamics of the statistical characteristics of cardiac rhythm showed that the activity of the sympathetic part of the vegetative nervous system was higher in patients with ischemic heart disease than in those with functional disorders. Disbalance of neurohumoral control of cardiac rhythm in various types of arrhythmias was disclosed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Importance of the physical load test for detecting heart rhythm disturbances in patients who have had a myocardial infarct].

The article discusses the data on the detection of ventricular extrasytole by means of the load test on a bicycle ergometer in 150 patients who had suffered from myocardial infarction. Much more patients with latent disorders of rhythm are detected by the load test than by means of the standard ECG recorded at rest. It was noted that the ventricular extrasystole became more detectable with the increase in the rate of cardiac contractions, in the degree to which the maximum pulse during the load test exceeded the pulse at rest, in the systolic arterial pressure, and with the raise in the level of the load. Patients in whom extrasystole was revealed and the test was discontinued before reaching a high level of cardiac rhythm had more complicated disorders of rhythm and the prognosis in such cases was poorer.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Long-term ECG recording and cardiac rhythm disorders in patients with different conditions of the coronary arteries (according to the angiographic data)].

The results of long-term continuous ECG recording during 24 hours in 50 patients are presented. A comparison of these data with the results of a clinical examination and selective coronary angiography has revealed that patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease and distinct atherosclerotic changes in the coronary arteries have rhythm disorders twice as often as those free from ischaemic heart disease. The employment of the method of long-term continuous ECG recording during normal patients' activity will permit to evaluate the effect of different factors on the development of cardiac rhythm disorders.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychophysiological monitoring under conditions of real and simulated microgravity.

Dynamics of indices characterizing the process of adaptation of operators to complicated conditions of vital activity was studied with psychophysiological monitoring. This technique is based on the complex analysis of subjective and objective estimations of the current psychoemotional state and physiological and biochemical indices. We analyzed the data obtained during the examination of three healthy volunteers, who participated in the HUBES experiment (135-day isolation in the ground-based model of the orbital station "Mir"), and during a biorhythmological study conducted by six Russian cosmonauts of the main expeditions on the station "Mir." It was shown that psychophysiological monitoring is an informative method for studying different parameters of the operator's state and regulatory processes, the dynamics of biological rhythms, and individual characteristics of adaptation. By means of the analysis of a population of the variation in the characteristics of the parameters under study the experimental period of isolation was divided into three stages. The first and third stages were characterized by a relatively high variability, which was minimized at the second stage. The phasic character of the adaptation processes with a phase duration of about 60 days was revealed and a correlation was shown between the dynamics of parameters obtained by means of psychophysiological monitoring and specific features of the system regulation in different phases of the space flight and its simulation. It is suggested that the phases of the minimal variability of the studied characteristics are related to the periods of the minimal reliability of an operator's work. [Translated from Fiziologiya Cheloveka, vol. 25, no. 5, 1999 Sep-Oct, p. 86-91]

Adaptation, Physiological↗