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Biomedical subjects

T M Brown

Publications and source records attributed to T M Brown.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte migration by sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The migration of peripheral polymorphonclear leukocytes (PMN) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and normal controls was studied using autologous sera and homologous rheumatoid positive and negative sera. A significant inhibition of cells from RA patients was observed using autologous or homologous rheumatoid sera in contrast to patients' PMN exposed to control sera in which no significant migration inhibition was detected. Negative results were observed when rheumatoid sera were used with PMN from normal controls. No correlation was found between the degree of PMN migration inhibition and the titer of rheumatoid factor. The results of these studies indicate that mononuclear cells in rheumatoid patients have varying degrees of sensitization to certain factor(s) in rheumatoid sera.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1982

Studies of phagocytic cell function in rheumatoid arthritis. I. Phagocytic and metabolic activities of neutrophils.

The polymorphonuclear cells (PMN's) of 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were analyzed for endocytic ability and metabolic capacity and were compared to those from a healthy control group over short intervals. The results of these studies indicate that the phagocytic activity (PA) and the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye reduction were significantly decreased in RA patients after 30 minutes of incubation. The rheumatoid patients showed a higher percentage of band cells and hypersegmented nuclei of their peripheral blood PMN's (PB-PMN's). No correlation was found between neutrophil functions and other parameters of the rheumatoid disease activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Studies of phagocytic functions in rheumatoid arthritis. II. Effects of serum factors on phagocytic and metabolic activities of neutrophils.

A previous article has shown a diminished phagocytic and intracellular metabolic activity of the polymorphonuclear cells (PMN's) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). No correlation was found between PMN's functions with either clinical or laboratory expression of disease activity. In the present study the effects of rheumatoid sera on PMN's functions were investigated and the results revealed significant inhibition of phagocytic activity (PA) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye reduction capacity of cells from RA as well as from a normal (N) control group. The number of PMN's showing aggregated latex particles on their surfaces was significantly higher in RA patient groups in the presence of rheumatoid sera. PMN's from N and RA groups were lysed in the presence of rheumatoid sera, with more significant destruction of RA-PMN's. No correlation was found between the PMN's function and the amount of circulating immune complexes (CIC's) or rheumatoid factor (RF). Significantly lower concentration of complement (C4) levels and higher IgA mean values were observed in the patient group compared to the standard values. The mechanism(s) underlying the impaired PA and NBT reduction may be due to defective intrinsic cell function as well as the extra cellular effects of blocking or lytic factors present in rheumatoid sera.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1981

Surgical therapy for evolving myocardial infarction: Results in 138 patients.

One hundred thirty-eight selected patients underwent emergency coronary artery revascularization as the treatment for early evolving myocardial infarction. Low early and late (3.6 and 2.9%) mortality and morbidity up to 54 months, with favorable post surgical hemodynamic improvement demonstrates the operability with beneficial results in selected patients with early evolving myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of lymphocyte populations and their mitogenic activity in relation to serum copper and immunoglobulin levels in rheumatoid arthritis.

Purified mononuclear cells from the peripheral blood and sera from 30 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were compared to the control or standard values in respect to the total number of B (EA) and T (E) rosette forming lymphocytes, their responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed (PWM) mitogen, and serum immunoglobulins, (C3) complement and copper levels. The RA patients had significantly lower values for EA cells, PWM stimulation index, hemoglobin and hematocrit. Significantly higher values for serum copper and sedimentation rates were found. Relatively higher values for IgG, M, A and C3 were found in RA patients with lower values for E cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Clinical trial with a percutaneously inserted intra-aortic balloon pump: a wider spectrum of patient application.

The intra-aortic balloon pump has been proven to be an effective form of therapy in a variety of situations involving actual or potential ventricular power failure. An experience with 12 newly-designed percutaneous PERCOR-TM intra-aortic balloon pumps is discussed. Emphasis is made on the ease of insertion and removal, and on the fact that a trained surgical team in an operating room setting is not necessary. Effectiveness of the balloon in comparison to the traditional intra-aortic balloon pump is also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Anoxic hypothermic cardioplegia compared to intermittent anoxic fibrillatory cardiac arrest. Clinical and metabolic experience with 1080 patients.

Appropriately applied, hypothermic cardioplegia allows an excellent surgical setting that can significantly reduce the myocardial ischemic injury resulting from anoxia. One thousand eighty adult and pediatric patients underwent a variety of corrective cardial surgical procedures utilizing cold potassium cardioplegic solution injected into the coronary arteries via the aortic root. Myocardial septal temperature was maintained at 18--20 degrees during arrested time. This group of patients was compared to a group of 220 patients that underwent intermittent normothermic ischemic arrest to perform cardiac surgical procedures. Significant reduction in morbidity, mortality, perioperative myocardial infarction was noted in favor of the cardioplegic group. Metabolic coronary sinus blood analysis in the group undergoing surgery with cardioplegia revealed favorable changes in myocardial lactate and oxygen extraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Antigenic relationships of various mycobacterial species with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Antigen cross reactivity of various mycobacterial sonicates with Mycobacterium tuberculosis was studied by fused rocket immunoelectrophoresis using 2 Mycobacterium tuberculosis reference antisera. A considerable degree of cross reactivity was noted with both antisera, and each anti-serum revealed different information about the antigenic complexities between mycobacteria.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1978

Characterization of antigens from Aspergillus fumigatus. II. Fractionation and electrophoretic, immunologic, and biologic activity.

Mycelial extracts of Aspergillus fumigatus grown in completely synthetic medium were fractionated by precipitation with ammonium sulfate, by ion-exchange chromatography, and by gel filtration. The fractions were characterized chemically, by analytic polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and by tests for serologic and biologic activity. The distribution of the antigens in the fractions was determined by double diffusion in gel and fused-rocket immunoelectrophoresis. Activity greater than that of the parent mycelial extract serologically, in guinea pig skin tests, and in in vitro lymphocyte transformation was observed with one fraction that was found in the 75 per cent ammonium sulfate precipitable portion and was eluted early by gel filtration. Another ammonium sulfate-precipitable component and one that was not precipitable at 75 per cent ammonium sulfate, but was firmly bound by ion-exchange columns, was found to have activity equal to unfractionated mycelial extract. These fractions were also active by a radioallergosorbent test for IgE. A carbohydrate component comprising almost 40 per cent of mycelial extract was found to be devoid of any immunologic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The pathology of Legionnaires' disease. Fourteen fatal cases from the 1977 outbreak in Vermont.

Fourteen fatal cases from the 1977 Vermont outbreak of Legionnaires' disease have been analyzed. Serious underlying diseases were present in all patients. The only consistent lesions were in the lungs. Bronchopneumonia was present in all cases and was confluent in most. No lobe of the lung was preferentially involved and consolidation was usually bilateral. Abscesses were evident macroscopically in only two cases. Microscopically, there was an extensive alveolar infiltrate of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and macrophages. Lysis of the inflammatory cells was frequently present and was associated with an increased number of bacteria. Coagulative necrosis of lung was present in a few cases, and the possibility of a bacterial toxin must be considered. Bacteria were well stained by the Dieterle stain and appeared Gram-negative in tissue imprints from the unfixed lung.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Effect of Corynebacterium parvum, methanol-extraction residue of BCG, and levamisole on macrophage random migration, chemotaxis, and pinocytosis.

Three parameters of macrophage function: random migration, chemotaxis, and pinocytosis, were studied in the guinea pig after administration of Corynebacterium parvum, methanol-extraction residue of BCG, and levamisole (LMS), a synthetic anthelmintic. Macrophage migration studies were performed with a modified Boyden chamber. Pinocytosis was assessed by the uptake of colloidal 198Au. After ip administration, each of the three immunostimulators induced an increase in macrophage chemotactic responsiveness and, to a lesser extent and duration, in random motility. Kinetic, dose-response, and time course data for the effect of each agent on macrophage movement were explored. LMS was the most effective stimulator of macrophage activation, which occurred earlier and persisted longer than it did with the other agents. Macrophages from animals receiving each of the agents showed enhanced pinocytosis. Measurement of macrophage random migration, chemotaxis, and pinocytosis appeared to provide a rapid and quantitative assessment of several parameters of macrophage function and, when studied with other immunologic parameters, may provide useful tools for the evaluation of potential immunoadjuvants.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Cancer incidence following infectious mononucleosis.

By means of a mailed questionnaire, the investigators examined the incidence of cancer among 2282 former college students in whom heterophile-positive infectious mononucleosis (IM) was diagnosed between 1949 and 1969 at five U.S. universities. Cancer incidence among these IM cases was compared both with national incidence rates and with an age and sex-matched group of 2779 non-IM students. No significant increase in cancer incidence was found. Three cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) had occurred in the IM group (1.3 cases expected) and one case in the control group. All three post-IM cases of HD were in males. Intervals between diagnoses of IM and HD were three, four, and seven years, respectively. Only two other cases of lymphoma or leukemia were observed, and both were in the control group.

Adolescent↗