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Biomedical subjects

T Lindberg

Publications and source records attributed to T Lindberg.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Plasma somatostatin and cholecystokinin levels in preterm infants and their mothers at birth.

Regulatory gut peptides play an important role in regulating the gastrointestinal tract. Our knowledge about the pattern of secretion and function of these peptides is scanty in preterm infants. Therefore, plasma somatostatin (SS) and cholecystokinin (CCK) levels were estimated just after birth in 65 mothers and 73 preterm infants (umbilical cord blood). The gestational age was 32 (24-36 median ranges) wk and birth weight 1900 (475-3350) g. The umbilical cord blood pH was 7.32 +/- 0.10 (mean +/- SD). After Sep-Pak-C18 semichromatography of plasma, SS and CCK were analyzed by RIA. Both plasma SS and CCK levels were significantly higher in infants than in mothers (SS = 14.5 +/- 12.4 versus 9.3 +/- 7.6 pmol/L; CCK = 11.6 +/- 7.4 versus 7.0 +/- 1.9 pmol/L). In appropriate for gestational age and small for gestational age infants' plasma levels of the two peptides were the same. They were also independent of sex, birth weight, gestational age, umbilical cord blood pH, or glucose level. In mothers, but not in infants, plasma SS levels were higher after vaginal delivery than after cesarean section. After multiple birth, newborn plasma SS, but not plasma CCK, was significantly lower than after single birth (9.1 +/- 7.7 versus 16.9 +/- 12.7 pmol/L).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Activity of peptidergic neurons in the amygdala during sexual behavior in the male rat.

The medial amygdaloid nucleus (AME) occupies a central position in the circuitry that organizes sexual behavior in the male rat. It receives a projection from olfactory structures that are activated by pheromonal cues indicating receptivity in the female and projects in turn to limbic and hypothalamic structures that are thought to organize aspects of coitus. Electrical stimulation of the AME elicits a behavioral state that is indistinguishable by several measures from the post-ejaculatory interval. We used chronic single-unit recording techniques to determine the behavioral conditions in which the AME is normally active. We found that the cells indeed fired selectively during the presence of a receptive female, but that the discharge considerably anticipated copulation in time. We propose that sexual behavior in the male rat is a reaction chain of fixed action patterns, each one acting as a releaser for the next. The AME mediates an early event in the reaction chain, namely recognition of the receptive female, but electrical activation of the AME causes the reaction chain to proceed to its culminating behavior, the post-ejaculatory interval.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1992

Increased protein absorption after acute gastroenteritis in children.

We investigated the intestinal absorption of the macromolecule human alpha-lactalbumin during and after an episode of acute gastroenteritis in children. Twenty children were studied in the acute phase and 17 excreted rotavirus. Eleven children were studied again 5-8 weeks later (convalescent phase). Human alpha-lactalbumin serum concentrations in the acute phase were similar but in the convalescent phase they were significantly (p less than 0.001) higher than those in the reference children. The serum concentrations were also higher in the convalescent than in the acute phase (p = 0.021). This study suggests that there is an increased absorption of proteins from the gut into the circulation 5-8 weeks after rotavirus gastroenteritis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Increasing incidence of childhood coeliac disease in Sweden. Results of a national study.

A survey of the incidence of coeliac disease was carried out by asking all 43 paediatric departments in Sweden to report the number of children born between 1978 and 1987 in whom coeliac disease had been diagnosed. Thirty-four departments representing a population of 7.18 million reported 1944 cases of coeliac disease among 804,935 children born between 1978 and 1987. The cumulative incidence of coeliac disease was 1.7 per 1000 live births in children born between 1978 and 1982 and doubled to 3.5 per 1000 live births in children born after 1982. The highest incidence was found in the southern and south-eastern regions of the country. The observed increase may have been influenced by changes in infant feeding practices such as the postponed age of introduction of gluten from four to six months of age and an increase in gluten content of proprietary baby foods.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1991

Pain relief in infants after major surgery: a descriptive study.

Twenty subjects (nurses or parents) were interviewed concerning postoperative pain and pain relief in infants. Details of postoperative analgesics given were obtained from hospital records of 32 infants, aged 0 to 12 months, who had undergone major surgery, and routines for postoperative pain relief in infants were investigated at four Swedish hospitals where major surgery is performed on infants. Although both nurses and parents were found to be able to recognize postoperative pain reactions in infants, attitudes to pain relief were not uniform. In principle, postoperative pain relief is given "as required," although both dosage and intervals between doses are arbitrary.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1991

Macromolecular absorption and cows' milk allergy.

The absorption of macromolecules was analysed by measuring serum concentrations of human alpha-lactalbumin after feeding human milk, using a competitive radioimmunoassay. The control group consisted of 78 children fed by cows' milk formula; concentrations of alpha-lactalbumin in their serum were low. The median concentrations in the different age groups varied between 7-13 micrograms alpha-lactalbumin/1 serum/1 human milk/kg body weight. Twenty-eight children with cows' milk allergy were studied before introduction of a diet free of cows' milk. Nineteen had gastrointestinal and nine skin symptoms. High serum alpha-lactalbumin concentrations were found. Only two children had alpha-lactalbumin concentrations below 100 micrograms alpha-lactalbumin/1 serum/1 human milk/kg body weight. Altogether 76 children on a diet free of cows' milk were studied directly after a cows' milk challenge; 26 developed symptoms. They had significantly higher serum alpha-lactalbumin values than the 50 children with no symptoms upon challenge. Eighteen of the 26 children with symptoms had serum alpha-lactalbumin concentrations of more than 100 micrograms/1 serum/1 human milk/kg body weight in contrast with two of the 50 with no symptoms. Total serum IgE antibodies were analysed in 43 children. No correlation was found between concentrations of serum IgE and serum alpha-lactalbumin in the children with cows' milk allergy.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Motilin and infantile colic. A prospective study.

Two hundred and nineteen infants, consecutively born, took part in a prospective study of infantile colic from birth to 12 weeks of age. The prevalence of infantile colic in this group was 17.4%. S-motilin was studied in 78 term infants (19 with and 59 without infantile colic) at birth (cord blood), at one day, and at 6 and 12 weeks of age, respectively. Basal motilin levels were raised both in cord blood (p less than 0.01) and in blood from neonates (p less than 0.001) who developed colic as well as in 6 week (p less than 0.05) and in 12-week-old infants with colic (p less than 0.01). Formula-fed infants with colic had higher basal motilin levels than formula-fed controls at 6 and 12 weeks of age (p less than 0.05). Breast-fed infants with colic had higher basal motilin levels than breast-fed controls at 12 weeks of age (p less than 0.05). The raised levels of motilin from the first day of life in infants who develop infantile colic might indicate that the gastrointestinal tract is affected in infants with infantile colic, before any symptoms of colic appear.

Colic↗
PubMed1990

Macromolecular absorption in infants with infantile colic.

Intestinal absorption of macromolecules, using human alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-LA) as a marker, was studied in breast-fed and formula-fed infants with infantile colic. Serum samples taken at 30 and 60 min after an intake of human milk were analyzed for alpha-LA by a competitive radioimmunoassay technique. Breast-fed infants with infantile colic had significantly higher s-alpha-LA levels compared with age-matched breast-fed control infants 0-1 month of age: median value 926 micrograms alpha-LA/l serum/l human milk/kg bodyweight (n = 11) versus 150 (n = 34); 1-2 months of age: 173 (n = 22) versus 31 (n = 16); 2-3 months of age: 132 (n = 8) versus 11 (n = 16). Similarly, formula-fed colicky infants had significantly higher s-alpha-LA levels than age-matched formula-fed control infants 1-2 months of age: median value 126 (n = 12) versus less than 10 (n = 14); 2-3 months of age: 156 (n = 11) versus less than 10 (n = 10). The increased absorption of the macromolecule human alpha-lactalbumin in infantile colic suggests that the gut mucosa is affected in infants with infantile colic.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Macromolecular absorption in preterm and term infants.

Human alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-LA) has been used as a marker for measuring macromolecular absorption. The serum concentration of human alpha-LA after a human milk feed has been studied in 32 healthy very low birthweight infants (VLBW), fed human milk (gestational age 26-32 weeks) and in 56 term, breast-fed infants, age 3-140 days. At 31 weeks of gestation the serum concentration of human alpha-LA was more than 10 times higher (mean value 3,000 and median value 2,101 micrograms/l serum/l human milk/kg body weight, n = 11) than in the term infants aged 3-30 days (mean value 257 and median value 152, n = 29). The serum concentration of alpha-LA decreased with increasing maturity in the VLBW-infants. At a postconceptional age of 37 weeks the values were similar (mean value 200 and median value 99, n = 8) to those found for term infants during the first month. In the term infants a decreasing absorption of alpha-LA was found with increasing postnatal age.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Cow's milk whey protein elicits symptoms of infantile colic in colicky formula-fed infants: a double-blind crossover study.

There are several causes of infantile colic. The aim of this study was to evaluate, under controlled conditions, whether bovine whey proteins can elicit symptoms of infantile colic in colicky formula-fed infants. The mean age for entering the study was 6.4 weeks and the mean age for colic debut was 3.7 weeks. In 24 of 27 infants with severe colic, the symptoms disappeared when they were given a cow's milk-free diet (Nutramigen). These 24 infants were entered into a double-blind crossover study. The infants (receiving cow's milk-free diet) were given the contents of identical capsules with each meal during day 6. The same procedure was repeated on day 10. The capsules contained either whey protein powder (with Nutramigen added) or human albumin powder (with Nutramigen added). Eighteen infants receiving the whey protein-containing capsules reacted with colic, two infants receiving placebo reacted with colic (P less than .001), and four infants did not react at all. Crying hours per day for the 24 infants were 5.6 hours for formula-fed infants and 0.7 hour for cow's milk-free diet-fed infants (P less than .001). Crying hours per day were 3.2 hours for the infants receiving whey protein capsules and 1.0 hour for those receiving placebo (P less than .001). In conclusion, bovine whey protein can elicit symptoms of infantile colic in colicky formula-fed infants.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Male pseudohermaphroditism due to 5 alpha-reductase deficiency in a Swedish family.

Three sibs with an inherited form of male pseudohermaphroditism are described. They were all born with ambiguous external genitalia but no diagnosis of a possible enzyme defect was made during childhood. First seen at the ages of 16, 14 and 10 years respectively, they were investigated in order to establish the pathogenetic nature of the disorder. Serum concentrations of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone before and after stimulation with human chorionic gonadotropin suggested 5 alpha-reductase deficiency. Measurement of steroid metabolites in urine confirmed this diagnosis. It is essential to recognize this condition in order to decide the sex of rearing of the children.

Adolescent↗