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Biomedical subjects

T Kurihara

Publications and source records attributed to T Kurihara.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Studies on wide mesh netting impregnated with insecticides against Culex mosquitoes.

Seven insecticides, fenitrothion, d-phenothrin, fenvalerate, permethrin, cyphenothrin and fenpropathrin, were each impregnated onto wide-mesh netting and bioassayed for insecticidal activity against Culex mosquitoes. After 9 months of aging, cyphenothrin was the most effective chemical. The movement of adult females through untreated nets was recorded. When the size of the opening of the mesh was less than the width of wing expanse, the mosquitoes were found to rest on the netting before they passed through, thus allowing them time to pick up a lethal dose of the insecticide.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

E. coli NusA protein binds in vitro to an RNA sequence immediately upstream of the boxA signal of bacteriophage lambda.

The NusA protein of Escherichia coli is a factor which mediates termination of transcription. In this paper, we demonstrate that the NusA protein can bind in vitro to a specific site on the mRNA of bacteriophage lambda. Several RNAs were synthesized by in vitro transcription of truncated lambda DNA templates, and the activity of NusA binding to these RNAs was examined by a Millipore filter-binding assay. RNAs containing the sequence immediately upstream of the boxA site were trapped on the filter by association with the NusA protein, but those lacking the site were not. Anti-NusA antibody inhibits this binding. To determine the binding site precisely, we developed a new method which we have named 'reverse-transcriptase mapping'. The RNA transcribed from the pL promoter was incubated with 32P-labelled DNA primer and NusA, and the primer-extension reaction was started by adding the reverse transcriptase. In this way, the primer extension was blocked at the position G of the boxA RNA sequence (5'CGCUCUUA 3'), indicating that the NusA-protection site is immediately upstream of boxA and includes the 5'-end C. The NusA protein purified from a temperature-sensitive nusA mutant defective in transcription termination showed reduced and thermolabile RNA-binding activity, suggesting that the RNA-binding activity is related to the physiological function of NusA.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1985

Immunohistochemical localization of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase in adult bovine cerebrum and cerebellum.

We have previously shown that 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP; EC 3.1.4.37) in rat central nervous tissues can be immunohistochemically stained with anti-bovine CNP serum. However, the anti-bovine CNP serum prepared in our laboratory has only weak cross-reactivity with rat CNP. Sections of bovine nervous tissues were found to be stained effectively with the serum, and the localization of CNP has been revealed in greater detail. We describe here the immunohistochemical localization of CNP in adult bovine cerebrum and cerebellum. CNP stained was localized in myelin sheaths, oligodendrocytes, and the processes of oligodendrocytes; astrocytes and neurons were negative. All myelinated nerve fibers appeared to be stained with the anti-CNP serum. Perineuronal and perivascular oligodendrocytes, and oligodendrocytes extending their processes to isolated myelin fibers were stained. Interfascicular oligodendrocytes, however, did not react or reacted faintly to the anti-CNP serum; only their processes were reactive. Comparison with the stain for S-100 protein was helpful to distinguish oligodendrocytes from astrocytes particularly when both glial cells were situated together at the perineuronal and perivascular positions.

2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide 3'-Phosphodiesterase↗
PubMed1985

Sensory and autonomic polyneuropathy associated with hypergammaglobulinemia.

Sensory and autonomic polyneuropathy is a rare disease characterized by a sensory nerve disorder and postganglionic autonomic dysfunction. The etiology of this disease is unknown. We described a 51-year-old woman who had a chronic sensory dominant polyneuropathy and dysautonomia associated with hypergammaglobulinemia. In the previous reports of sensory and autonomic polyneuropathy, not much attention was given to coexisting hypergammaglobulinemia. By reviewing the literatures, hypergammaglobulinemia was frequently present in these case reports. This fact leads us to consider that an immunological mechanism may be playing a role in the pathogenesis of this disorder.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1984

Hepatitis viruses in southern Taiwan--mass survey of 2985 inhabitants.

A survey of 2985 apparently healthy Taiwanese in southern Taiwan revealed a high prevalence (18.2%) of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). It was significantly higher in males (22.3%) than in females (13.6%), but no correlation with family origin, socioeconomic status or residence was established. About one-third of the breeding female HBsAg carriers were HBeAg-positive, and these may be an important source in the spread of HBV. Subtyping of HBsAg in 63 subjects showed adw to be dominant in this area, and 8 subjects with suspicious results had overlapping heterotypic HBV's (7 adwr and 1 adyw) in addition to 2 subjects in which coexistence of HBsAg and anti-HBs was recognized. The association between HBsAg positivity and serum transaminase elevation was significant, especially in the older groups who had a higher abnormal rate. Hepatitis A virus infection was serious too, with nearly 100% of people above 20 years of age being anti-HA antibody positive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Myotonia induced by low chloride solution: intracellular studies by Cl liquid ion exchanger microelectrode.

By exposing the rat hemidiaphragm preparations to various low chloride solutions, it was demonstrated that myotonia can be induced when the extracellular chloride concentration was reduced below 82 mEq/L. Myotonia can be induced simply by reducing the extracellular chloride concentration without any significant reduction of RMP. The intracellular and extracellular chloride activity was measured by the liquid ion exchanger microelectrode. The control intracellular chloride activity was 10.8 mEq/L and that of myotonic specimen in a low chloride solution of 47 mEq/L was 4.4 mEq/L. Chloride conductance was closely related to the extracellular chloride concentration and myotonia was induced when gc1 was 38.3% of the control.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Observations on mortality in selected working populations].

Mortality among employees of selected enterprises in which excellent health care programmes are carried on, was observed to evaluate employees' health levels and to establish objectives for future health care programmes. Also, these data were compared with those for all Japanese and for Japanese employees belonging to the corresponding occupational groups. Seventy-three enterprises which continuously participated in the mortality survey implemented by the Japan Research Organization of Industrial Health Care for the period between 1976 and 1980, were subjected to this study. The observed employees amounted to 3,502,580 person-years. Sex and age distributions of the employees were available for 47 enterprises and the observed employees totalled 2,598,672 person-years. The main results are as follows: Mortality rate (per 100,000) is stable between 140 and 150 throughout the observed period and the average value is 145.0. The average mortality rate for males, aged 40 to 54, is 272.6. Malignant neoplasms were the main cause of death and account for 37-38%. In second place and below are heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, accidents, suicide and liver cirrhosis. Malignant neoplasms, especially of the stomach, lung and pancreas, show a trend to increase, and cerebrovascular diseases and liver cirrhosis show a trend to decrease. Among heart diseases, ischemic heart disease accounts for about 40% and shows no marked fluctuation. Among cerebrovascular diseases, the relative frequency of subarachnoid hemorrhage is increasing. Comparing the mortality rates for males aged 40 to 54 by industry, "Iron, steel & nonferrous metal manufacturing" and "Electricity and gas supply" show significantly higher values, and "Finance & insurance" and "Communications" show significantly lower values than the total. The distribution of main causes of death for males, aged 40 to 54, was compared by major occupational groups using Proportional Mortality Ratio (PMR). A significantly high frequency of malignant neoplasms (especially of the stomach) is observed for "Professional & technical workers, managers and officials" and that of suicide for "Craftmen, production process workers and labourers" and that of cerebrovascular diseases (especially cerebral hemorrhage) for "Protective service workers." Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) for males, aged 20 to 54, from all causes of death, calculated on the basis of all Japanese males in 1978 is 0.57. SMR for this population from malignant neoplasms is 0.89.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗