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Biomedical subjects

T Kubo

Publications and source records attributed to T Kubo.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Immunohistochemical demonstration of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and ABO (H) blood group antigens on tissue sections of urinary bladder tumors].

The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and ABO (H) blood group antigens of 47 bladder tumors were investigated by immunohistochemistry (CEA by peroxidase-antiperoxidase method and blood group antigens by Avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method) and the results were compared with the histopathological diagnosis. Twenty five percent of the bladder tumors had CEA-positive tumor cells. They were found in 11.1% of pT1 cases, in 12.5% of pT2 cases, 70.0% of pT3 cases and 50.0% of pT4 cases and were also found in 13.3% of grade I cases, in 50.0% of grade II cases and in 40.0% of grade III cases. On the other hand, positive blood group antigen cells were found in 85.2% of pT1 cases, 50.0% of pT2 cases, 20.0% of pT3 cases and 50.0% of the pT4 cases and also in 80.0% of the grade I cases, 41.1% of the grade II cases, and 20.0% of the grade III cases. A statistical difference was seen between the low stage (pT1) and high stage cases (pT2-pT4) and between the low grade (G-I) and high grade cases (G-II, III) (P less than 0.01) for both CEA and the blood group antigens which were statistically related (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1985

[Two cases of giant vesical diverticulum in females].

Two rare cases of giant vesical diverticulum without infravesical obstruction in female are presented. The first case, a 58-year-old female, was admitted because of diverticulum with continuous urinary infection, which was diagnosed by urological examinations for hematuria. The second case, a 58-year-old female, was admitted with the diagnosis of diverticulum, which was done by the gynecologist during laparotomy for the suspicion of a right ovarian cyst. Neither patient complained of difficulty in urination in spite of remarkable residual urine and no neurologic abnormalities were detected. The cystograms of the two cases revealed over-goose-egg sized diverticula and vesical capacity was over 800 ml, in both cases. The other urograms and endoscopy showed no evidence of vesical trabeculation or any obstructive changes of bladder neck or urethra in either case. Therefore, mucosal diverticulectomy in the first and total diverticulectomy in the second, was performed for the residual urine. Each surgical specimen showed the muscle layer of the walls. In the post-operative course, urination was improved in spite of the underactive detrusor pattern of the cystometry in the first case. But residual urine volume was not decreased after the operation in the second case. These two cases seem to be congenital vesical diverticulum. But it is hard to rule out the possibility of secondary diverticulum due to neurogenic disorders of urinary bladder.

Cystoscopy↗
PubMed1985

[Solid and cystic tumor of the pancreas--report of a case in a 13-year-old girl].

A case of adenocarcinoma of the body of the pancreas in a 13-year-old girl is reported. The gross appearance of the tumor revealed apparent encapsulation, cystic degeneration and hemorrhagic necrosis. Microscopically, the tumor resembled an islet cell tumor, but immunohistochemically there was no evidence of endocrinic activities. Ultrastructurally, tumor cells contain numerous mitochondria but no secretory or zymogen granules. This peculiar type of tumor usually arises in young women and shows a favorable prognosis. Diagnosis should be established immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Evaluation of neurogenic bladder in patients with spinal cord injury using a CMG.EMG study and CMG.UFM.EMG study].

Simultaneous recording of intravesical pressure, sphincter electromyography and uroflowmetry (CMG.UFM.EMG study) was performed following cystometry simultaneously with electromyography (CMG.EMG study) on 20 patients with spinal cord injuries. Differences in the influence to micturition between the CMG.EMG study and CMG.UFM.EMG study is thought to be due to whether the catheter is indwelling in the urethra or not. We examined those differences and patient's rehabilitation maneuver (Cred'e maneuver). Micturition pressure and opening pressure measured by the CMG.EMG study were larger than that measured by the CMG.UFM.EMG study (P less than 0.05, P less than 0.01 respectively). Incidence of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia measured by the CMG.EMG study was greater than that measured by the CMG.UFM.EMG study in the detrusor hyperreflexic cases. The Cred'e maneuver caused increase in opening pressure, micturition pressure and peak flow rate, but the voiding volume and voiding time did not increase to any effective extent. The Cred'e maneuver exaggerated the detrusor sphincter dyssynergia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Experience in using a ureterorenoscope in 14 cases].

We carried out studies using an ureterorenoscope in 14 cases, including 13 patients suffering from an ureteral stone. The stone was smaller than 1 cm and existed in lower and middle portion. The other patient had a foreign substance, which was a double J-stent catheter that had been passed into the middle portion of the ureter accidentally. Initially, the size and course of ureter, the position of stone and foreign substance were ascertained using a retrograde pyelogram. The patients were placed in a lithotomy position under spinal anesthesia or epidural anesthesia. The ureterorenoscope was inserted into the bladder through urethra and the instrument was further extended through ureteral orifice and ureteral lumen to the position of the calculus or foreign substance while observing the procedure. Once the calculus or foreign substance was observed, a 4F Pfister-Schwartz stone retriever or forceps was inserted through working channel. After coming in contact with the stone or foreign substance, the matter was removed while observing it with the scope. The foreign substance and 77% of the stones observed were removed by this procedure and the usefulness of the ureterorenoscope was successfully demonstrated in the cases. However, on the other hand, of these 14 cases, 2 (14%) experienced ureteral injury. In one case, the ureter was penetrated by the scope; and in another, injury occurred during the biopsy of the ureteral wall. Therefore, it is our opinion that more careful use of the ureterorenoscope is necessary to prevent these types of injuries.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical experience of norfloxacin in urinary tract infection].

Norfloxacin (NFLX) was administered to outpatients and inpatients with urinary tract infections at our department. Clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated in 50 patients by the criteria for evaluation of clinical efficacy of antimicrobial agents on urinary tract infection. Overall clinical efficacy for 17 cases with acute simple cystitis was excellent in 13 cases, moderate in 4 cases with an effectiveness rate of 100%. The overall clinical efficacy for 33 cases with chronic complicated UTI was excellent in 18 cases, moderate in 6 cases and poor in 9 cases with an effectiveness rate of 73%. The eradication rate of 21 strains from acute simple cystitis patients was 100%. Forty four out of 60 strains from chronic complicated UTI patients were eradicated and the eradication rate was 73%. Neither subjective nor objective adverse reactions were observed in 50 patients. Abnormal changes in laboratory tests were found in 8 patients, but were probably not related to NFLX administration. Judging from these results, NFLX is considered to be an effective and safe antibacterial for the treatment of UTI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Neuropeptides and gamma-aminobutyric acid in the vestibular nuclei of the rat: an immunohistochemical analysis. I. Distribution.

The distribution of substance P, Leu-enkephalin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) containing structures in the rat vestibular nuclei were investigated by means of an indirect immunofluorescent method using specific antisera to substance P, Leu-enkephalin and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), respectively. Numerous positive neurons and fibers containing these three substances were found in the medial vestibular nucleus. Most of them were situated in the caudal part of the nucleus and those in the rostral part were concentrated dorsally. In the descending vestibular nucleus, a large number of substance P, Leu-enkephalin and GAD containing neurons were evenly distributed among longitudinally directing fiber bundles. A number of positive fibers with these substances were also observed. The lateral vestibular nucleus contained numerous coarse GAD-immunoreactive fibers surrounding Deiters' neurons, while substance P-immunoreactive and Leu-enkephalin-immunoreactive fibers were rather poorly distributed in this nucleus as well as in the superior vestibular nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry of neurotensin-like immunoreactive neurons in the rat hypothalamus.

Neurotensin-like immunoreactive neuronal perikarya, fibers and terminals in the rat hypothalamus, particularly in the arcuate nucleus, the paraventricular nucleus and the median eminence, were investigated by light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. The main distributional areas of immunoreactive neuronal perikarya were found to be the arcuate nucleus, the periventricular nucleus and the paraventricular nucleus by light microscopic immunocytochemistry. Immunoreactive neuronal perikarya showed a characteristic distributional pattern in the arcuate nucleus. In the paraventricular nucleus they were distributed in both the magnocellular and parvocellular portions. A large number of immunoreactive terminals were observed throughout the external layer of the median eminence, particularly its lateral portion. A moderate number of immunoreactive terminals were also observed in the internal layer of the median eminence. By electron microscopic immunocytochemistry immunoreactive neuronal perikarya both in the arcuate and paraventricular nuclei showed generally well-developed cell organelles such as mitochondria, r-ER, and Golgi complex. In addition, immunoreactive dense granules were dispersed throughout the perikarya. A large number of immunoreactive terminals containing immunoreactive dense granules, clear vesicles and mitochondria were observed in the vicinity of pericapillary spaces of the external layer of the median eminence. This observation strongly suggests that neurotensin-like immunoreactive substance is released into the portal capillaries.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Adrenaline involvement in the presynaptic beta-adrenoceptor-mediated mechanism of dopamine release from slices of the rat hypothalamus.

Slices of rat hypothalamus were superfused and endogenous release of dopamine (DA) was measured by high performance liquid chromatography combined with electrochemical detection. The K+ (20 mM)-evoked release in the presence of tetrodotoxin was Ca2+-dependent. The evoked release was facilitated by a beta-agonist, isoproterenol and this effect was completely abolished by a beta-antagonist, 1-propranolol. Isoproterenol also concentration-dependently facilitated the electrically (at 5Hz) evoked release of DA. The pretreatment with 1-propranolol, beta 1-antagonist, atenolol and beta 2-antagonist, butoxamine shifted the concentration-effect curve of isoproterenol to the right. On the other hand, beta 1-agonist, tazolol, beta 2-agonist, salbutamol and low concentration (10(-9) M) of adrenaline also facilitated the release. 1-Propranolol alone reduced the electrically (at 2 Hz) evoked release, and this effect was completely abolished when the adrenaline content in the brain was drastically reduced by use of a potent PNMT inhibitor, DCMB. These findings suggest that in the rat hypothalamus adrenaline released from adrenaline-containing nerve terminals probably modulates DA release via presynaptic beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors on DA nerve terminals.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1984

Vasopressin-induced pressor responses to carotid occlusion in the rat.

We studied the effect of carotid occlusion on blood pressure in cordotomized rats. Occlusion of both common carotid arteries resulted in an increase in blood pressure. This response was unaffected by denervation of the sinus and aortic nerves, and vagi. The response to occlusion was blocked by intravenous administration of a vasopressin antagonist, d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)arginine-vasopressin, but not by intravenous administration of hexamethonium or captopril. Further, microinjection of procaine into the paraventricular nuclei abolished the pressor response to occlusion. Thus, it appears that in cordotomized rats carotid occlusion causes release of vasopressin and this in turn results in an elevation of blood pressure. The arterial baroreceptors are not essential for the pressor response.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Identification of hemagglutinating protein and bactericidal activity in the hemolymph of adult Sarcophaga peregrina on injury of the body wall.

When the body wall of adult Sarcophaga peregrina (flesh-fly) was injured with a hypodermic needle, hemagglutinating activity and antibacterial activity were induced in the hemolymph simultaneously. The hemagglutinating activity was shown to be due to the same lectin that was found previously in the hemolymph of injured larvae. Thus, larval and adult Sarcophaga respond in the same way to injury of the body wall.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The fine structures of the VIP-like immunoreactive neurons in the cat hypothalamus.

The fine structures of the VIP-like immunoreactive neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and the arcuate nucleus ( ARN ) of the cat hypothalamus were investigated by electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. The VIP-like immunoreactive soma and fibers could be successfully visualized by a modified PAP method. VIP-like immunoreactive neurons in both nuclei contained immunoreactive rER, Golgi complexes and many immunoreactive granules, as well as well developed mitochondria. VIP-like immunoreactive synaptic endings with synaptic membrane specialization of Gray's type I and II were found in the SCN. Moreover VIP-like immunoreactive preterminal elements that made synaptic contact with VIP-like immunoreactive neuronal soma were also detected. On the other hand, it was difficult to detect typical preterminal endings with immunoreactivity in the ARN ; however, VIP-like immunoreactive processes in contact with the basement membrane of the capillaries were observed. These observations indicate that VIP-like immunoreactive neurons in the SCN act as intrinsic neurons and are involved in neuroendocrine function in ARN .

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Alpha-adrenoceptor- and prostaglandin-mediated modulation of vascular adrenergic neurotransmission in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The modulation of vascular adrenergic neurotransmission in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rat (WKY) mediated by alpha-adrenoceptor and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were evaluated. The pressor responses of the perfused mesenteric vascular bed to perivascular adrenergic nerve stimulation (NS) and infusion of norepinephrine (NE) and the NS-induced 3H-efflux in preparations pretreated with 3H-norepinephrine were determined. In both SHR and WKY, a selective alpha 2 agonist, B-HT 920 (30-300 nM), inhibited neurogenic vasoconstriction, and B-HT 920 (100-300 nM) potentiated the pressor response to NE in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of B-HT 920 did not significantly differ in SHR and WKY. Another alpha 2 agonist, clonidine (100 nM), decreased the 3H-efflux approximately by 30% both in SHR and WKY. A selective alpha 2 blocking agent, yohimbine (3-300 nM), potentiated the neurogenic vasoconstriction and inhibited the pressor response to NE equally in SHR and WKY. No difference in enhancement of 3H-efflux by yohimbine (30-300 nM) was seen between SHR and WKY either in the absence or presence of cocaine (10 microM) and metanephrine (20 microM). PGE2 (0.1-1 microM) potentiated pressor responses to NS and NE in SHR and WKY, but this compound (1 microM) did not affect the NS-induced 3H-efflux in either group of rats. It appears that adrenergic neurotransmission is inhibited presynaptically via an alpha 2 receptor mechanism and facilitated postsynaptically by PGE2 in the rat mesenteric vascular bed. The hypertensive state in SHR can not be accounted for by alteration of these modulator mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Pharmacological properties of presynaptic beta-adrenoceptors in guinea-pig pulmonary arteries.

Pharmacological properties of the facilitatory presynaptic beta-adrenoceptor mechanism were studied in superfused spiral preparations of guinea-pig pulmonary arteries preloaded with 3H-norepinephrine. (-)-Isoproterenol (0.3 microM)-induced increases in total 3H efflux per pulse evoked by transmural field stimulation (1, 5, 10 and 20 Hz, 10 V, 2 msec pulse width, 100 pulses and 30 min intervals) were neither dependent on impulse-frequencies nor selective at lower frequencies. Isoproterenol increased 3H efflux at 5 Hz in a concentration-dependent manner (1 nM to 1 microM): pD2 was 7.7. Salbutamol increased 3H efflux in a similar manner to isoproterenol: pD2 was 7.4. Prenalterol at 3 microM only slightly increased 3H efflux. Tazolol (10 nM to 3 microM) produced no increases. Atenolol (3 microM) and practolol (3 microM) did not antagonize isoproterenol (0.3 microM)-induced increases in 3H efflux. Butoxamine (3 microM) and H 35/25 (3 microM) did antagonize this parameter. (-)-Epinephrine (1 nM to 0.1 microM) decreased 3H efflux at 5 Hz and concentration-dependently increased this parameter in the presence of 10 microM phentolamine. (-)-Norepinephrine (10 nM to 1 microM) concentration-dependently inhibited evoked 3H efflux and did not increase the parameter in the presence of 10 microM phentolamine, 10 microM cocaine and 10 microM normetanephrine. Thus, there exist presynaptic beta 2-subtype receptors on noradrenergic nerve endings innervating guinea-pig pulmonary arteries.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗