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Biomedical subjects

T Kozuka

Publications and source records attributed to T Kozuka.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Value and limitation of gadolinium-DTPA contrast enhancement in the early detection of acute canine myocardial infarction.

This study was performed to determine whether the infarcted myocardium can be distinguished from the nuclear myocardium by gated nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) and gadolinium (Gd)-DTPA contrast enhancement in the early hours after coronary artery ligation. Twenty-one dogs were used: three dogs with 3-hr ligation of the left anterior coronary artery (LAD) (group A); six dogs with 3-hr ligation of LAD, followed by 20-30 min of reperfusion (group B); six dogs with 6-hr ligation of LAD (group C); and six dogs with 12-hr ligation of LAD (group D). Gated NMRI was performed at the time of occlusion or reperfusion, followed by intravenous injection of 0.5 mM/kg of Gd-DTPA using a whole body NMR system. The effects of Gd-DTPA on gated NMRI could not be obtained in group A, but significant contrast enhancement after Gd-DTPA administration in T1-weighted image was obtained in four of six dogs in group B, four of six dogs in group C, and five of six dogs in group D. Then NMRI contrast that expresses the signal intensity ratio between the infarcted and normal myocardia showed a significant increase in groups B, C, and D. Thus, gated NMRI with Gd-DTPA has a limitation as to the early detection of acute myocardial infarction, such as in group A, but it may have a supplementary role in the detection of acute myocardial infarction since improved signal intensities between the normal and infarcted myocardium was obtained in groups B, C, and D.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Multiple primary malignancies in patients with head and neck cancer.

During the 15 years from 1967 to 1981, 3,162 patients with carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with radiation therapy. Among them, 262 patients (8.3%) developed two or more independent malignancies. There were 80 patients with prior cancer. The overall incidence of second malignancies in patients who had radiation therapy was 5.8%. The incidences were 8.9, 7.7, 5.2 and 1.7% of index cancer in the larynx, pharynx, oral cavity and paranasal sinus, respectively. Second primaries were observed in the head and neck (36%), digestive tract (35%), lung (19%) and the remaining 10% in other bodily sites. Of the 1,486 patients who survived for five years or more after radiation therapy, only 10 (0.7%) developed second malignancies within the previous radiation field.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effects of spontaneous respiration on right and left ventricular function: evaluation by respiratory and ECG gated radionuclide ventriculography.

To clarify the mechanism of inspiratory reduction of left ventricular (LV) stroke volume (SV) during spontaneous respiration, we measured right and left ventricular volume changes from expiration to inspiration using radionuclide ventriculography with respiratory gating technique. In this method, scintigraphic data were acquired in a list mode with ECG R wave triggers and respiratory volume curve derived from respiratory flowmeter. Cardiac cycles occurring during the second halves of inspiratory and expiratory phases were separately selected and used to produce multigated images for the respective phases. Twelve patients with normal LV ejection fraction (EF) (greater than 50%) and right ventricular (RV) EF (greater than 40%) and without pulmonary diseases were studied. LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) decreased during inspiration in all subjects (by 11 +/- 5%), whereas LV end-systolic volume (ESV) was insignificantly changed. Accordingly, LVSV decreased during inspiration in all subjects (by 17 +/- 7%). LVEF decreased from 64 +/- 6% during expiration to 60 +/- 6% during inspiration (p less than 0.001). In contrast to the left ventricle, RVEDV and RVSV increased during inspiration by 13 +/- 11% and 22 +/- 18%, respectively. RVESV did not change significantly. RVEF increased from 48 +/- 6% during expiration to 52 +/- 5% during inspiration (p less than 0.05). These results indicate that inspiratory reduction of LVSV during spontaneous respiration is due to a decrease in LVEDV which may be derived from an increase in RVEDV during inspiration through the mechanism of ventricular interdependence.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Ultrasonography of mediastinal teratoma.

We have studied real-time sonograms of 11 surgically proven benign mediastinal teratomas. Eight cystic teratomas were sonographically visualized as various kinds of masses: four complex, two solid, and two cystic. The echo patterns of cystic teratomas were determined by the serous or nonserous nature of the cysts. In the presence of serous fluid, the tumor was visualized as a cystic mass. If, on the other hand, the cyst of the tumor was nonserous or was sebaceous, it appeared as a solid or complex tumor. The remaining three solid teratomas, which had some small cysts, appeared as complex tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of psoriasis vulgaris by oral administration of 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3--open-design study.

In an open-design study 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 was administered orally to 17 patients with psoriasis vulgaris at a dose of 1.0 micrograms/day for 6 months. More than moderate improvement was observed in 13 (76%) of the 17 patients from 2.7 +/- 0.6 months (mean +/- SD) after the start of treatment. No side effects of the treatment were observed. The mechanism of the effect of 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 requires study, but these data suggest that its oral administration is effective for treatment of psoriasis vulgaris.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Effect of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol on psoriasis vulgaris: a pilot study.

We carried out a clinical trial of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol [1 alpha(OH)D3] at a dose of 1.0 microgram a day on 7 patients with psoriasis vulgaris. These patients had been treated by topical applications of corticosteroids before this study without improvement, and during the clinical trial, treatment of topical corticosteroids was continued on 6 of the 7 patients. Four of 7 patients showed complete remission and marked improvement and 2 additional patients showed minimal improvement of their skin lesions during and after the treatment with 1 alpha(OH)D3. No adverse reactions were noted during the treatment period. The mechanism of the phenomenon we observed has yet to be elucidated. Controlled trials of large numbers of patients with psoriasis vulgaris treated with 1 alpha(OH)D3 are under way.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Topical administration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 for psoriasis: report of five cases.

The effects of topical administration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, as 0.1 and 0.5 microgram per g base, and control base applied to contralateral skin lesions in five patients with persistent psoriasis were compared. In all five, definite and in some cases remarkable improvement of the lesions was seen when 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 at concentration of 0.5 microgram per g base was applied for two to five weeks. No local or systemic toxicity was detected in any patient. Although the mechanism of the improvement is yet to be elucidated, these results show the possible effectiveness of topical 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on psoriatic skin lesions.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1986

An open study of vitamin D3 treatment in psoriasis vulgaris.

Active forms of vitamin D3, 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, were administered in an open-design study to 40 patients with psoriasis vulgaris in three ways: to 17 patients 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 was given orally at a dose of 1.0 micrograms/day for 6 months, to four patients 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was given orally at a dose of 0.5 microgram/day for 6 months, and 19 patients were given 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 applied topically at concentration of 0.5 microgram/g of base for 8 weeks. Improvement was observed at the end of the individual study periods in 13 (76%) patients in Group 1 with a mean period of treatment (+/- SD) of 2.7 +/- 0.6 months, in one patient in Group 2 at 3 months after the start of treatment, and in 16 (84%) patients in Group 3 when the chemical was applied for 3.3 +/- 1.2 weeks. No side-effects were observed in any of these trials. These data suggest that psoriasis may respond to active metabolites of vitamin D3 and that abnormalities in vitamin D metabolism or in responsiveness of the skin cells to active metabolites of vitamin D may be involved in the pathogenesis of this skin disease.

Adolescent↗