[Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease with CT X-ray].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
T Konno
Publications and source records attributed to T Konno.
[Nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy].
The neuroanatomy of the pelvic space was studied in order to clarify the course of cavernous nerves responsible for erectile function. The cavernous nerves travel along the dorsolateral portion at the base toward the apex of the prostate, then penetrate urogenital diaphragm at the lateral aspect of the membranous urethra. According to the anatomical findings, nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy was performed through the antegrade approach in 28 patients with prostate cancer. No significant surgical complications were encountered in the present series. Of the 28, evaluable cases were limited to 22 in terms of erection. Fifteen patients (68%) recovered their erectile function after nerve-sparing surgery. Therefore, the present surgical technique seems to be effective for the preservation of male sexual function following radical pelvic surgery.
Adult↗
[Histological effect of SMANCS/LPD therapy in renal cell carcinoma].
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Adult↗
Effects of substitution of putative transmembrane segments on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor function.
Mutants of the Torpedo nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in which each of the putative transmembrane segments of the alpha-subunit is replaced by the hydrophobic transmembrane segment of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein or of the human interleukin-2 receptor have been produced in Xenopus oocytes by cDNA manipulations. Functional analysis of these mutants shows that the hydrophobic segment M4 can be replaced by foreign transmembrane sequences without loss of channel activity. It is also suggested that the hydrophobic segments M1, M2 and M3 and the amphipathic segment MA are important for efficient expression of the acetylcholine receptor on the cell surface and that the specific amino acid sequence of segment M2 may be involved in channel activity.
Animals↗
Anticancer effects of arterial administration of the anticancer agent SMANCS with lipiodol on metastatic lymph nodes.
A new method of arterially administering an oily anticancer agent was successfully established for the selective targeting of metastatic lymph nodes. A high molecular weight anticancer agent, a conjugate of copolymer (styrene maleic acid) to neocarzinostatin (SMANCS) was prepared in our laboratory and dissolved in a lymphographic oily contrast medium, Lipiodol (SMANCS/Lipiodol). SMANCS/Lipiodol was administered intraoperatively to eight patients with colorectal cancer and preoperatively to one patient with gastric cancer with lymph node metastases. In six of the patients with colorectal cancer, the drug was administered via an artery and in the other two patients the drug was injected into the wall of the colon near the primary cancer. In the patient with gastric cancer, the drug was administered via the left gastric artery. Delivery of the drug to the lymph nodes was examined roentgenologically and the anticancer effect was examined histologically. The results showed that SMANCS/Lipiodol could be delivered to the metastatic lymph node via the artery, but it could not be delivered to the metastatic lesion of the lymph node via the lymphatic route. In the patient with gastric cancer, SMANCS/Lipiodol preoperatively administered via an artery was found to remain selectively in a metastatic lymph node and an anticancer effect was histologically proved in all three of the metastatic lymph nodes.
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
Functional properties of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits expressed in various combinations.
The four kinds of subunits of the Torpedo californica nicotinic acetylcholine receptor have been produced in various combinations by injecting Xenopus oocytes with the corresponding subunit-specific mRNAs synthesized by transcription in vitro of the cloned cDNAs. Functional analysis suggests that association of the alpha-subunit with either the gamma- or the delta-subunit is a prerequisite for generating the conformation necessary for agonist binding. The acetylcholine receptor devoid of either the beta-, gamma- or delta-subunit exhibits weak channel activity.
Animals↗
Reduction of hepatic metastases in rabbits by administration of an oily anticancer agent into the portal vein.
We studied a prophylactic chemotherapy against hepatic metastases arising from the shedding of tumor cells into the portal circulation. The therapy was done with a lymphographic oily contrast medium, Lipiodol, and a high molecular weight anticancer agent named poly(styrene-maleic acid) copolymer conjugated neocarzinostatin (SMANCS), developed in our laboratory. SMANCS was dissolved in Lipiodol by sonication (SMANCS/Lipiodol, 1 mg of SMANCS in 1 ml of Lipiodol). Twelve rabbits were simply inoculated with the highly malignant carcinoma VX-2. Fifteen rabbits were given injections of SMANCS in glucose and Lipiodol into the portal vein and were subsequently inoculated with the tumor cells. Eighteen were given injections of SMANCS/Lipiodol and then the tumor cells. These rabbits were killed 12 days later. Thirteen were given injections of the tumor cells alone and were allowed to survive. Sixteen were given injections of SMANCS/Lipiodol and then with the tumor cells; they were allowed to survive. Rabbits given injections of SMANCS/Lipiodol before tumor inoculation had significantly fewer (P less than 0.001) metastases than those not treated or those given SMANCS in glucose and Lipiodol. Survival was significantly longer [P less than 0.005; 36.0 +/- 7.7 (SD) days] with SMANCS/Lipiodol before tumor inoculation than without treatment [23.5 +/- 3.0 days]. SMANCS/Lipiodol has a prolonged anticancer effect because it remains in the portal vein and allows sustained drug release from the oil (Lipiodol) to aqueous spaces. Hepatic metastases might be prevented by portal administration of the appropriate oily anticancer agent.
Animals↗
Effect of the recombinant vaccinia viruses that express HTLV-I envelope gene on HTLV-I infection.
The human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is etiologically linked to adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). To develop a vaccine against ATL, we constructed recombinant vaccinia viruses containing the envelope gene of HTLV-I in the vaccinia virus hemagglutinin (HA) gene, a new site where foreign genes can be inserted. A single inoculation of the recombinant virus induced antibodies to the env proteins of HTLV-I in rabbits and had a protective effect against HTLV-I infection.
Animals↗
Serologic characteristics of a human rotavirus isolate, AU-1, which has a "long" RNA pattern and subgroup I specificity.
An unusual human rotavirus (HRV) isolate, designated AU-1, has a "long" RNA electrophoretic pattern and subgroup I specificity, in contrast to properties common to HRVs previously isolated. Hemagglutination activity of the AU-1 strain was demonstrated using erythrocytes of 1-day-old chicken. Neutralization assays revealed that the AU-1 strain was crossneutralized by hyperimmune antisera against the MO strain (serotype 3). However, antiserum directed against a reassortant in which the gene for Vp7 was replaced by the corresponding AU-1 gene neutralized the AU-1 strain to a significantly higher titer than the MO strain.
Hemagglutination Tests↗
Effect of trypsin and chymotrypsin on polypeptides of human rotavirus KUN strain.
In view of the fact that trypsin enhances the infectivity of human rotavirus and decreases its hemagglutination, the trypsin-mediated structural modification of the viral polypeptides was analysed, using the KUN strain, a cultivable human rotavirus isolate, grown in the absence of trypsin. A major polypeptide sensitive to trypsin treatment was Vp4 with a molecular weight of 80,000, being cleaved into three polypeptides with molecular weights of 54,000 (P54), 30,000 (P30), and 24,000 (P24). Vp4 was also sensitive to chymotrypsin treatment, generating cleavage products different from those obtained with trypsin.
Animals↗
Evidence for endocytosis-independent infection by human rotavirus.
The effects of five lysosomotropic drugs (NH4Cl, chloroquine, methylamine, amantadine and dansylcadaverine) and cytochalasin B on human rotavirus (HRV KUN strain) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV Indiana strain) infection in monkey MA 104 cells were examined. These drugs had little effect on HRV yield but greatly reduced VSV yield. The results strongly suggest that HRV does not require endocytotic activity and intracellular acidic vesicles for the initial stage of infection and support our postulate that HRV enters the target cell by direct penetration of its nucleoid through the cell membrane.
Amantadine↗
Failure in chymotrypsin enhancement of human rotavirus infectivity.
Effects of alpha-chymotrypsin on human rotavirus infectivity and hemagglutination activity were investigated using the KUN strain which was grown in the absence of trypsin and noninfectious. No activating effect of the enzyme on the virus infectivity was found, while HA titers of the virus rapidly decreased after exposure to the enzyme.
Catalysis↗
Establishment of five human malignant non-T lymphoid cell lines and mixed lymphocyte-tumor reaction.
Five human malignant non-T lymphoid cell lines have been established. THP-4 and THP-7 were derived from two children with common type acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), THP-6 and THP-8 from two children with null cell type ALL and THP-9 from a child with malignant lymphoma. THP-4 was positive for cytoplasmic mu, B4, common ALL antigen (CALLA) and Ia-like antigen (Ia), THP-7 positive for B4, CALLA and Ia, THP-8 positive for B4 and Ia, and THP-9 positive for surface mu-lambda, B1, B4, CALLA and Ia. No antigenic determinants for monoclonal antibodies used were detected on THP-6. THP-4, THP-7, THP-8 and THP-9 were able to stimulate allogeneic lymphocytes vigorously. THP-6 without Ia stimulated not only allogeneic lymphocytes, but also autologous ones. THP-7 did not stimulate autologous lymphocytes.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
[Significance of radical surgery of prostatic carcinoma].
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Aged↗
[A case of a solitary metastasis on the surface of the liver by dissemination after resection of an ovarian tumor].
A 46-year-old woman underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a granulosa cell tumor of the ovary ten years ago. Six years later, she underwent a resection of the retroperitoneal tumor because of a retroperitoneal metastases of the ovarian tumor. Four years after, a second operation was carried out for a solitary metastasis on the surface of the liver of the right subphrenic space. It proved to be a disseminated metastasis from the ovarian tumor. The angiography showed that the tumor was being fed by the hepatic artery and, one month later, the tumor was resected. Such a case history of a disseminated solitary metastasis is very rare and seldom reported in the literature.
Combined Modality Therapy↗
[Targeting chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma by arterial administration of anticancer agents dissolved in lipiodol].
The lipid lymphographic agent, Lipiodol ultrafluid has been found to remain selectively in hepatocellular carcinoma. Using this characteristic nature of Lipiodol, a new targeting anticancer chemotherapy was devised. In order to achieve targeting anticancer chemotherapy and useful anticancer effects, anticancer drugs must be dissolved or suspended in Lipiodol and diffuse out from the Lipiodol gradually. Oily anticancer agents such as SMANCS dissolved in Lipiodol (SMANCS/Lipiodol), Mitomycin C in Lipiodol (MMC/Lipiodol), Aclarubicin in Lipiodol (ACR/Lipiodol) and a mixture of these were administered by catheterizing the celiac or hepatic artery under X-ray monitoring in 216 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Remarkable anticancer effects of this targeting chemotherapy were achieved, the serum AFP level and tumor size both showing a decrease in 91% of cases. The survival period of patients with unresectable hepatoma treated with the present protocol was definitely longer than the comparison group.
Aclarubicin↗
[Prevention of hepatic metastases in rabbits by administration of an oily anticancer agent into the portal vein].
We studied one kind of prophylactic chemotherapy against hepatic metastases. The therapy was carried out with a lymphographic oily contrast medium. Lipiodol, and a high-molecular-weight anticancer agent known as SMANCS. SMANCS was dissolved in Lipiodol by sonication (SMANCS/Lipiodol, 1 mg of SMANCS in 1 ml of Lipiodol). SMANCS/Lipiodol, administered into the portal vein, remained for a long time in the portal vein and was eliminated gradually through the bile and urine. SMANCS/Lipiodol (0.4ml/kg) was injected into the mesenteric vein in rabbits, which were then inoculated with the highly malignant carcinoma VX-2. Rabbits injected with SMANCS/Lipiodol before inoculation had significantly fewer hepatic metastases than the control 12 days later (P less than 0.001). Survival was significantly longer (P less than 0.005; 36.0 +/- 7.7 days) with SMANCS/Lipiodol before inoculation than without treatment (23.5 +/- 3.0 days). Hepatic metastases might thus be prevented by portal administration of an appropriate oily anticancer agent.
Animals↗
[Antigen detection with monoclonal antibodies: 2. Detection of human rotavirus subgroups].
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Antibodies, Monoclonal↗