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Biomedical subjects

T Kojima

Publications and source records attributed to T Kojima.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[A study on serum luteinizing hormone response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone iny hyper- and hypothyroidism (author's transl)].

In order to study the mechanism of gonadal dysfunction in patients with abnormal thyroid function, the pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) response to 200 mug of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) was investigated in 20 untreated and 18 treated hyperthyroid patients and in 21 untreated and 8 treated hypothyroid patients in addition to 29 matched control subjects. Serum LH levels were measured by double-antibody radioimmunoassay technique with HLH kit Daiichi. In untreated hyperthyroid men, the slightly elevated mean basal level and the exaggerated mean response to LH-RH of LH were observed, and in treated hyperthyroid men, both values were found to be similar to those of matched control men. Furthermore, in these patients, the maximal increments and the net increments of responses to LH-RH of LH were correlated with serum thyroxine levels and Thyopac-3 values. In most untreated and treated hyperthyroid premenopausal women with and without menstrual disturbances, the basal levels and the responses to LH-RH of LH were similar to those of matched control premenopausal women. In untreated hyperthyroid postmenopausal women, the mean basal level of LH was elevated, although the mean LH response to LH-RH was similar to that of matched control postmenopausal women, and in treated hyperthyroid postmenopausal women, the mean basal level and the mean response to LH-RH of LH were similar to those of matched control postmenopausal women. Furthermore, in these patients, the basal levels were correlated with serum thyroxine levels. In untreated and treated hypothyroid men, the mean basal level and the mean response to LH-RH of LH were similar to those of untreated and treated hyperthyroid postmenopausal women. In most untreated and treated hypothyroid premenopausal women with and without menstrual disturbances, the basal levels were observed to be inconsistent, and the LH responses to LH-RH were similar to those of matched control premenopausal women. In untreated and treated hypothyroid postmenopausal women, the mean basal level and the mean response to LH-RH of LH were similar to those of matched control postmenopausal women. These data indicate that the ability of the pituitary to secrete LH in patients with abnormal thyroid function was augmented in hyper- and hypothyroid men, and augmented in hyper-, but normal in hypothyroid postmenopausal women. Therefore, it is concluded that the cause of gonadal dysfunction at least in the premenopausal women with abnormal thyroid function lies not inside but outside the pituitary gland.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

An operation for syndactyly, and its results.

We describe our method of operation for syndactyly repair and our results in 62 patients (74 hands, 143 commissures), all treated more than two years ago. The operation was performed on patients aged from 17 months to two years (except those with acrosyndactyly). Postoperative web formation was not seen in any of these patients.

Acrocephalosyndactylia↗
PubMed1976

Influence of a new antiulcer agent, ammonium 7-oxobicyclo (2, 2, 1) hept-5-ene-3-carbamoyl-2-carboxylate (KF-392) on gastric lesions and gastric mucosal barrier in rats.

Antiulcer effects of KF-392 were studied in several experimental gastric ulcer models in rats. It was found that KF-392 given orally at 1.0 to 5.0 mg/kg had a marked suppression on the developments of Shay ulcer as well as the aspirin-, stress-, and reserpine-induced gastric lesions. The influence of KF-392 on gastric mucosal barrier was also studied. A back diffusion of H+ into the gastric mucosa and a fall of transmucosal potential difference were induced with KF-392 given orally at the above mentioned doses. KF-392 given s.c. at 5.0 mg/kg showed no inhibition of Shay ulcer and no induction of back diffusion of H+ into the gastric mucosa.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Pharmacological studides on 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (L-5HTP). Interaction between L-5HTP and p-CPA].

The effect of tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor p-CPA and 5-HT precursor L-5HTP on conditional avoidance response and 5-HT content in rat brain was examined with the following results: Continuous administration of p-CPA improved acquisition of conditional avoidance response and retarded the loss acquired response. Body weight gain was suppressed at the low level. When the conditional avoidance response of the rats reached a certain level, it was suppressed by giving L-5HTP at the doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg in the rats given p-CPA, but no effect was observed in the rats given CMC. The 5-HT content in brain was reduced to 22% of control value by a single administration of p-CPA 316 mg/kg, but it rapidly recovered to a normal level with L-5HTP administration. From the above results, it was demonstrated that the presence or absence of p-CPA loading causes a significant difference in the appearance of behavior alteration in a rats following administration of L-5HTP.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1976

Comparative studies on the actions of antigen and polyclonal B-cell activator in differentiation and proliferation of B-cells and B memory cells.

Using the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPS-K) as a polyclonal B-cell activator (PBA) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) as a T cell-dependent antigen, we compared the ability of PBA and antigen to differentiate (generate antibody-forming cells, AFC) and proliferate (generate immunological memory) virgin B cells and B memory cells. In vitro CPS-K induced the differentiation of IgM virgin B cells, IgM B memory cells and IgG B memory cells to AFC, as well as or better than SRBC. The differentiation of B memory cells to AFC by CPS-K did not require the participation of macrophages or T cells, whereas the action of SRBC depended strictly upon the helper actions of these cells. The responsiveness to CPS-K and SRBC of normal and antigen-primed spleen cells as judged by anti-SRBC PFC responses in vitro was markedly decreased after stimulation of virgin B cells and B memory cells in vivo by CPS-K injection into normal or primed mice but greatly increased after the injection of SRBC. The decrease in the responsiveness to CPS-K of spleen cells from mice treated with CPS-K appeared principally due to exhaustion of the functions of B cells and B memory cells. From the present data it has been concluded that the signals required for the differentiation and proliferation of B cells of B memory cells are different from each other, the signal for differentiation being provided by either antigen (SRBC) or PBA (CPS-K), while the signal for proliferation only by antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Pharmacological studies of caerulein. II. The possibility of mediation through the central nervous system.

With low doses of caerulein given intravenously or subcutaneously, vomiting could be induced. Although vomiting was not inhibited by chlorpromazine or atropine, a strong inhibition was evident when metoclopramide was administered subcutaneously at such doses as inhibit vomiting induced by oral administration of CuSO4. Even high doses of caerulein failed to induced vomiting in vagotomized and splanchnicotomized dogs. With intraventricular injection, no effects were observed on blood pressure, respiration or gastrointestinal motility, and vomiting was not induced. Therefore, a reflex mechanism appears to be involved in vomiting induced by caerulein. It is suggested that the actions of caerulein may not be mediated through the central nervous system.

Animals↗