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Biomedical subjects

T Kojima

Publications and source records attributed to T Kojima.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Vitreous hemorrhage as a complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (Terson's syndrome) (author's transl)].

We represent a case of vitreous hemorrhage due to subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured aneurysm of the right vertebral artery to draw attention to this complication. A 53-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of generalized headache and reduced visual acuity of both eyes. On admission the patient was alert and there were moderate nuchal stiffness and mild symmetrical hyperreflexia in the extremities. Ophthalmological consultation revealed bilateral retinal, subhyaloid and vitreous hemorrhages. Four-vessel angiography demonstrated an aneurysm of the right vertebral artery. At operation, it became clear that the aneurysm was a dissecting one. The vertebral artery was clipped at the most proximal intracranial portion. Postoperative course was smooth and uneventful except deteriorated visual acuity. His visual acuity deteriorated continuously to hand movements 18 days after subarachnoid hemorrhage. His visual acuity, however, gradually improved without specific treatment. At the time of this writing, his visual acuity is 1.0 on both sides. Vitreous hemorrhage is a rare complication following a reptured aneurysm. Pertinent literature concerning fundal hemorrhage, especially vitreous hemorrhage, associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage suggests that it may occur as a result of sudden increase of intracranial pressure.

Eye Diseases↗
PubMed1979

A study on operative findings and pathogenic factors in ulnar neuropathy at the elbow.

A study was made of operative findings obtained in 44 cases of ulnar nerve neuropathy at the elbow in an attempt to help elucidate the pathogenetic factors for the condition. Distinction must be made between Lig. epitrochleo-anconeum or a ligament-like thickening at the same site and the tendinous arch of M. flexor carpi ulnaris. These 2 sites constitute the entrapment points for the condition. A thick tendinous arch, Lig. epitrochleo-anconeum of M. anconeus epitrochlearis deters the ulnar nerve from being mobile, thereby contributing to the development of neuropathy with trauma acting as a precipitating factor. Dislocation of the ulnar nerve cannot be considered a factor of major etiologic significance. An important part is played by the tendinous arch in the pathogenesis of neuropathy, regardless of whether it is in association with ganglion, osteochondromatosis or osteoarthritis. In surgery for ulnar neuropathy decompression of the nerve is of primary necessity. Division of the tendinous arch is mandatory. Medial epicondylectomy may be added as required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Purification and characterization of an anti-inflammatory factor (AIF) from bovine serum.

An anti-inflammatory factor (AIF) was highly purified from normal bovine serum. The purified AIF was a polysaccharide which was formed from a low molecular substance Pro-AIF by macromolecularization. AIF showed potent inhibitory activities against carrageenin induced edema in rats and PMN-leucocyte chemotaxis. It showed no inhibition in cutaneous reaction with serotonin, bradykinin or a mediator releaser compound 48/80. No inhibition was also observed in thermally induced pain, reversed passive Arthus reaction and adjuvant polyarthritis in rats. With these results, the role of AIF in inflammation was discussed.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1978

Antitumor activity of prolonged-release derivative of cytosine arabinoside, cytosine arabinoside-agarose conjugate.

A prolonged-release derivative of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), cytosine arabinoside-agarose bead conjugate (Ara-C-AB), was synthesized and its pharmaceutical and pharmacological characteristics were examined. Ara-C was released successively for considerably long period from Ara-C-AB in vitro. Following intraperitoneal injection of 3H-Ara-C-AB, radioactivity could be detected in plasma and urine of BDF1 mouse for four days, while 3H-Ara-C administered as a free form was excreted completely in the first 24 hr. Increase in lifespan of L1210 leukemia-bearing mice was demonstrated after intraperitoneal injection of Ara-C-AB with both the dosage schedules of three days before and one day after inoculation of L1210 cells at the dose of 30 mg equivalent Ara-C/kg.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Effects of caerulein on intestinal motility (author's transl)].

Effects of caerulein on intestinal motility have been studied in comparison with those of neostigmine, pantethine, prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha). Caerulein facilitated electric discharges in the intestinal tracts of anaesthetized rabbits and exhibited a greater potency than either neostigmine or pantethine. The small intestine was more sensitive to this agent than was the large intestine. PGE1 inhibited while PGF2alpha facilitated electric discharges in the small intestine. A complete inhibitory effect of the excitatory of caerulein was not demonstrated with atropine. Caerulein promoted the transit of charcoal meal through the intestine of the mouse and was approximately 30 times more potent than was neostigmine. At high doses, the promotion was reduced and the reduction was inhibited by reserpine or phentolamine-propranolol. Our observations indicate that caerulein produces a catecholamine releasing action in high doses. Caerulein promoted the transit in the cecectomized mice at doses 30 times larger than given to intact mice. Caerulein, neostigmine, PGE1 and PGF2alpha produced an excitatory effect on the isolated intestine of the rabbit. Minimal effect concentrations were 3 X 10(-10 approximately 10(-9), 10(-8), 10(-9) and 3 x 10(-11) g/ml in the ileum and 3 X 10(-9) approximately 10(-8), 10(-8) approximately 3 x 10(-8), 10(-10) and 10(-11) g/ml in the proximal colon, respectively.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1977

[The general pharmacological actions of KW-1062, a new aminoglycoside antibiotic (author's transl)].

The general pharmacological actions of KW-1062 were investigated in order to estimate the effects on the host animals. KW-1062 showed little or no effect on the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, hemolysis, blood coagulation, dermal tissue permeability and antigenicity tests at high doses. KW-1062 showed urinative effect and ototoxicity. But ototoxicity of KW-1062 was less potent than that of gentamicin. KW-1062 has been proved to have a safety margin wider than that of other aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Aminoglycosides↗