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Biomedical subjects

T Kojima

Publications and source records attributed to T Kojima.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Effects of combination chemotherapy M-VEMFH including mitoxantrone in advanced breast cancer].

The effects of combination chemotherapy including mitoxantrone (MXN) "M-VEMFH" for advanced breast cancer were studied. The M-VEMFH regimen consisted of MXN 7 mg/m2, VCR 0.7 mg/m2, EX 333 mg/m2, MTX 13.3 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1, 5-FU 333 mg/m2 i.v. from day 1 to day 5 and pred. (H) 60 mg/m2 p.o. with tapering off in 2 weeks. In 7 cases heavily pretreated with combination chemotherapy including ADR, CR 2, PR 2, NC 2 and PD 1 were observed (response rate 57.1%). In 5 cases without prior ADR, PR 1, NC 2 and PD 2 were obtained. One case given 586 mg/m2 of prior ADR died of congestive heart failure after administration of 47 mg/m2 of NXN. One case died of sepsis. The other side effects were stomatitis, vulvitis, abnormal gustation, nausea, vomiting and alopecia. M-VEMFH is effective combination chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer resistant to ADR, but care must be exerted due to the accompanying cardiotoxicity and leukopenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical and experimental study of the host defense mechanism from the aspect of tumor immunology].

The host defense mechanism was fundamentally and clinically investigated from the aspect of tumor immunology. The behavior of macrophages in the immune systems of experimental animals demonstrated different patterns of response in the bone marrow, peritoneal cavity and spleen, respectively. It was doubtless that the spleen occasionally exerted an immunosuppressive action. Ectopic immunization of syngeneic rats with normal liver cells resulted in specific inhibition of the growth of the tumor cells (AH-I30) derived from liver. This seemed to strongly suggest a local immune response. In clinical cases, the host defense mechanism was found to collapse due to surgical intervention, malnutrition and immunosuppressive substances. The relation between complements and host defense mechanism has been controversial. Our studies indicated the serum complement level to be the most reliable parameter for understanding the host defense mechanism. Since the combination of immunostimulants and anticancer drugs is likely to induce anticancer drugs to exert an adverse effect depending on the time of such combination, timing of combined administration of drugs should be chosen with great care.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Development of retinohypothalamic projections in the chick embryo.

The retinal projection to the hypothalamus was investigated in embryonic as well as hatched chick using wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase as an anterograde tracer. The presence of an aggregation of anterogradely labeled terminals in the hypothalamus was used to identify the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The first clear labeling of retinal fibers in the SCN was found on embryonic day 16, whereas labeling was found in the other primary visual projections, in the diencephalon and mesencephalon, several days earlier. Thus, the retinohypothalamic projection is the last primary visual pathway to develop in the chick embryo.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Biochemical studies on the purine metabolism of four cases with hereditary xanthinuria.

The purine metabolism of four cases with marked hypouricemia (serum uric acid concentration of less than 0.018 mmol/l) from three Japanese families was investigated. Erythrocyte adenosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4) and purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.1) activities of the patients were within the normal ranges. Urinary hypoxanthine and xanthine concentrations were 0.096-0.397 mmol/l and 0.743-1.717 mmol/l, respectively. Xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2) activities in the jejunal mucosa of the two normal controls were 0.257 and 0.283 units/g protein, while those of three of the patients were extremely low and could not be determined. The findings of these biochemical features may indicate that the four patients have hereditary xanthinuria. In order to study the purine metabolism in the hypouricemic condition of this disorder, a single oral dose of allopurinol (4-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine) was administered in one case. The excretion pattern of allopurinol and oxypurinol (4,6-dihydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine) in the urine of the patient was similar to that of a normal control male. These data suggest that some residual enzyme activity may be functioning in vivo, although the presence of xanthine oxidase could not be detected.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1984

Symptomatic Rathke's cleft cyst in an old patient. Case report.

A 71-year-old woman with a symptomatic Rathke's cleft cyst is reported. Our patient is unique in that both metrizamide computed tomographic cisternography and a transsphenoidal surgery were safe and successful procedures in spite of the advanced age of the patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Cross-sensitivity between interferon and uv in human cell strains: IFr, HEC-1, and CRL1200.

Correlation between susceptibility to the anticellular effect of human interferon (HuIFN) and ultraviolet (uv) lethality was examined in a set of isogeneous human cell lines (RSa and IFr cells), a human endometrial cancer cell line (HEC-1 cells), and a Xeroderma pigmentosum-derived fibroblast cell line ( CRL1200 cells). IFr cells, previously established as a HuIFN-alpha-resistant subline by exposing HuIFN-alpha- and uv-sensitive RSa cells to HuIFN-alpha preparations, appeared more refractory to uv than did the parent RSa cells in the cell proliferation and colony-formation studies. The extent of recovery from uv-inhibited total cellular DNA synthesis and uv-induced DNA-repair synthesis was enhanced to a greater extent in IFr cells than in RSa cells. The preexposure of RSa cells to HuIFN-alpha enhanced uv-induced DNA-repair replication activities. HEC-1 cells, which are reportedly totally refractory to HuIFN actions, appeared most resistant to uv, in all the tests. The uv-sensitive CRL1200 cells appeared highly susceptible to HuIFN-beta, in both cell proliferation and DNA-synthesis inhibition tests. These results support and extend our previous finding (N. Suzuki, J. Nishimaki , and T. Kuwata (1982). Mutat . Res. 106, 357-376) that susceptibility to the anticellular effect of HuIFN closely relates with uv lethality.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1984

More than one aneurysm on the same artery.

More than one aneurysm on the same artery is uncommon. The authors represent 10 patients with such lesions. Three hundred and fifty-six patients were admitted to the department for treatment of cerebral aneurysm from January 1977 through April 1983. Fifty-nine patients had multiple aneurysms (17%). Out of 59 patients with multiple aneurysms, there were 10 patients with more than one aneurysm on the same artery. Thus the incidence was 2.8%. The aneurysm arose from the internal carotid artery in seven of these patients, from the middle cerebral artery in two, and from the anterior communicating artery in only one. In six cases, the larger aneurysm on the same artery proximal in three and distal in three, was found to have bled; in one, the smaller distal aneurysm had ruptured; in one, we could not identify which aneurysm had bled; and in two, another associated aneurysm had bled.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A fatal methamphetamine poisoning associated with hyperpyrexia.

After self-administration of 0.05 g of methamphetamine hydrochloride intravenously on three occasions at intervals of 3 h, a 25-year-old female methamphetamine abuser ingested approximately 1.5 g of methamphetamine hydrochloride, and was found dead 3-4 h later. Complete rigor mortis was observed 1-2 h after death and the rectal temperature was 38.4 degrees C 3-4 h after death. Distribution of methamphetamine and amphetamine in the body was analyzed by chemical ionization mass fragmentography. Amphetamine/methamphetamine concentrations (mumol/100 g) were 0.26/28.8 in blood, 0.64/68.2 in brain, 0.96/117.1 in liver, 0.53/50.6 in kidney, and 1.49/1045 in stomach contents. Total amount of methamphetamine hydrochloride in stomach contents was 11.6 mg. Amphetamine in tissues was a metabolite of methamphetamine, and amphetamine in stomach contents resulted from excretion into saliva and gastric mucous excretion. With rectal temperature at death estimated at more than 41 degrees C, it would seem that hyperpyrexia played an important role in causing death from methamphetamine poisoning.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Articles found in the possession of a methamphetamine abuser.

A plastic syringe containing bloody fluid, 2 ampules of 20% glucose, and ampule containing diphenhydramine hydrochloride and calcium bromide, powder in a plastic bag and powder wrapped in paper were among the articles found in the possession of a 42-year-old male methamphetamine abuser, who had been taken to a mental hospital owing to his hallucinations. Examination of the patient revealed several recent needle punctures on the left forearm. The concentration of methamphetamine and its metabolite, amphetamine, in blood collected 1 day following the last intake was 76 nmol/100 g. Analysis of the powder and of the contents of the syringe revealed methamphetamine hydrochloride at a concentration of 99.0-99.5% and 7.4%, respectively. Neither glucose nor diphenhydramine were detected in the contents of the syringe. It would seem that the patient abused methamphetamine hydrochloride by intravenous injection after dissolving it in city water or distilled water.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Gentamicin nephrotoxicity in young rabbits.

Gentamicin nephrotoxicity was investigated in 2 experimental models, Group I: young rabbits, age 10 to 12 d old (body weight 200 +/- 28 g) and Group II: growing rabbits, age 7 to 8 weeks old (body weight 1,470 +/- 116 g). Enzyme activity of Na-K-ATPase was measured in the inner cortex, the outer cortex and the medulla of the kidneys at 1, 1 1/2, 2 1/4, 3 and 4 h after a single injection of 150 mg per kg BW gentamicin and each result of group I was compared to that of group II. In group II animals, increase of this enzyme occurred in both the inner cortex and the outer cortex but not in the medulla, and changes occurred earlier in the outer cortex than in the inner cortex. In group I, the change of this enzyme activity was seen in the inner cortex only and occurred much later than in group II. These results indicate that gentamicin nephrotoxicity occurs earlier in adult rabbits than in young rabbits and also the change in enzyme activity was seen only in the inner cortex in the young rabbit kidney.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

A case of cubital tunnel syndrome caused by the snapping of the medial head of the triceps brachii muscle.

A rare case of cubital tunnel syndrome caused by the snapping of the medial head of the triceps brachii muscle in a 20-year-old man was reported. The ulnar nerve was compressed by the medial head of the triceps, which snapped from the back, and was constricted at the tendinous arch of origin of the flexor carpi ulnaris. Medial epicondylectomy with division of tendinous arch was carried out, and the postoperative course was satisfactory. Our case is compared with four cases reported previously.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Frontalis suspension for blepharoptosis using palmaris longus tendon.

In treatment of moderate to severe blepharoptosis in the Oriental, an excellent result can be obtained by frontalis suspension using free palmaris longus tendons. Postoperative functional training is unnecessary. Children of 5 or 6 with congenital upper eyelid ptosis are favorable candidates for correction by this method. In traumatic cases, the operation may be performed about six months after injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Free vascularized fibular graft.

A case of severe bone and soft-tissue injury of the anterior side of the lower leg is presented. Extent of loss of the tibia was 20 cm. Loss of tibia was covered with free vascularized fibular graft extended to 26 cm, which appears to be the longest ever reported. Repair was successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Characterization of inhibitor to leptospiral hemolysin present in bovine serum.

Hemolysis by leptospiral hemolysin was strongly inhibited by bovine serum. The inhibitory activity was observed in the chloroform-methanol-soluble fraction of bovine serum. The inhibitor was eluted in a complex lipid fraction and was separated into two fractions (Fr. I and II) by silicic acid column chromatography. Fractions I and II inhibited approximately 75% and 95%, respectively, of hemolysis by leptospiral hemolysin. Fraction I was identified as phosphatidylethanolamine (PdE) by silica gel thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Two kinds of phospholipids (PLs) were detected in Fr. II by TLC. One was resistant to alkaline treatment and was identified as sphingomyelin (Spm), and the other was sensitive to such treatment and was identified as phosphatidylcholine (PdC). PLs, such as Spm, PdC, phosphatidylglycerol, PdE, phosphatidylserine and cardiolipin, inhibited hemolysis by leptospiral hemolysin, but phosphatidylinositol did not show any inhibitory activity. PLs lacking the amino group in the polar backbone of the molecules were more effective. From experiments using erythrocytes of various kinds of animals, it was revealed that the hemolytic sensitivity of mammalian erythrocytes to leptospiral hemolysin depended on the Spm content in the erythrocyte membrane. On the other hand, phospholipase C (PLase C) activity with Spm and PdC as substrates was detected in the culture supernatant of Leptospira. Therefore, leptospiral hemolysin was presumed to be PLase C, perhaps sphingomyelinase. The inhibitors of leptospiral hemolysin present in bovine serum were identified as PLs. PLs in bovine serum were suggested to function as inhibitors of the interaction between leptospiral hemolysin and the surface of the erythrocyte membrane.

Animals↗