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Biomedical subjects

T Kitamura

Publications and source records attributed to T Kitamura.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Clinical evaluation of cisplatin in children with malignant solid tumors. Pediatric Cisplatin Study Group].

A cooperative multicenter clinical study on cisplatin in children with malignant solid tumors was conducted in seventeen institutions. Of 63 children entered into the study, 18 patients were treated with cisplatin alone, 33 with a VCAP regimen (VCR, CPA, ADM and CDDP) and 12 with other combination regimens. The numbers of evaluable patients were 14, 27 and 7, respectively. Response rates for neuroblastoma were 37.5% (3/8) with cisplatin alone and 79.2% (19/24) for the VCAP regimen. Major adverse effects were gastrointestinal symptoms, bone marrow suppression and renal impairment. Hearing difficulty, electrolyte imbalance and transient elevation of transaminase were also observed. However, these adverse effects were within a tolerable range of severity. The results of this study demonstrate that cisplatin is a useful drug in the treatment of neuroblastoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Microscopic fluorometric analysis of Na-fluorescein transport in the smallest secretory unit (couplet hepatocytes) and the effects of cytochalasin B.

The uptake and secretion of sodium fluorescein by couplet hepatocytes was examined in primary culture. When sodium fluorescein was added at an early stage of primary couplet hepatocytes culture, this resulted in a rapid uptake of the dye and its subsequent accumulation in bile canaliculi. From microscopic fluorometry observations, cytochalasin B pretreatment of the couplet hepatocytes caused much more rapid uptake and secretion of the dye in bile canaliculi. The present study indicates that the cholestatic agent cytochalasin B causes choleresis at the bile canalicular level of cultured couplet hepatocytes and also indicates that a defect in canalicular secretion plays no role in the cytochalasin B-induced impairment of bile flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Accuracy of ultrasonography for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was examined. The subjects were 5339 patients who underwent ultrasonography of the upper abdomen, during the year 1980 at our hospital. Out of 5339, 113 cases were found to be hepatocellular carcinoma by a 3-year follow-up study, checking against the records of regional cancer registry. Diagnostic accuracy based on 6 months of follow-up was as follows: for identification of liver tumors, sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy were 94.9%, 98.7%, and 98.9% respectively; for diagnosis of HCC, sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy were 58.9%, 99.9%, and 99.3% respectively. In conclusion, the ability of ultrasonography to detect hepatocellular carcinoma is adequately high, and thus, ultrasonography can be employed as a diagnostic procedure for mass screening.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1986

Value of ultrasonographic examination combined with measurement of serum tumor markers in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer of less than 3 cm in diameter.

Ultrasonographic examinations and measurements of CA 19-9 and elastase 1 were done simultaneously in 14 patients with resectable pancreatic cancer of less than 3.0 cm in longest diameter and 48 patients with pancreatitis. Although a pancreatic mass was detected ultrasonically in only six (42.9%) of the patients with tumors of less than 3.0 cm in diameter, one or more of the abnormal ultrasonic findings (a pancreatic mass and dilatation of the pancreatic and/or bile duct) was significantly more frequent in patients with pancreatic cancer than in those with pancreatitis. An abnormally high level of CA 19-9 and/or elastase 1 also was significantly more frequent in patients with pancreatic cancer than in those with pancreatitis. The rates of detection of pancreatic cancer by ultrasonography only and by measurement of tumor markers only were 92.9% and 100%, respectively, but the specificities and predictive values of positive results by each of these tests alone were low. Thirteen (92.9%) of 14 pancreatic cancers were found in patients giving positive results by both ultrasonography and measurement of tumor markers, whereas no tumors were found in patients giving negative results in both of these examinations. A combination of these two examinations raised the specificity and predictive value of positive results to 87.5% and 68.4%, respectively, but had little or no influence on the sensitivity or predictive value of negative results. Therefore, patients in whom ultrasonographic findings are abnormal and in whom the serum levels of tumor markers also are abnormally high should be examined more extensively. This combination of examinations indicates the possibility of earlier detection of pancreatic cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: usefulness of ultrasonically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

The results of various diagnostic procedures performed on six cases with solitary and minimal (less than 2 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that was later surgically resected were comparatively reviewed. The tumor was detected in 6/6 patients by ultrasonography, 1/6 by scintigraphy, 2/6 by CT, and 4/6 by angiography, and hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed in 3/6 by angiography and 6/6 by ultrasonically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Since there are not a few HCCs that can be detected only by ultrasonography, fine-needle aspiration biopsy with ultrasound guidance is strongly recommended to confirm cases with a minimal lesion in the liver visualized only on a sonogram.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Superoxide production of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in surgical patients with gastric cancer.

Superoxide production (SOP) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in 65 gastric cancer patients, who were in preoperative state and had received no medical therapy, was assayed in order to evaluate the bactericidal activity of PMNs in cancer patients, as well as to determine the correlation of SOP by PMNs with postoperative prognoses and several factors by which extent of disease and the clinical or histological character of gastric carcinoma were defined. Patients with stage II disease had a tendency to have an increased SOP by PMNs, and furthermore, as the disease progressed, the SOP by PMNs decreased with significant depression being noted in stage III and IV cases compared to healthy controls. Significantly reduced SOP by PMNs was observed in n2 and n3 cases and with se, si, sei and/or ps(+) pathological invasion. SOP by PMNs in patients with Borrmann II type and/or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was significantly depressed. Patients who suffered from septic complications showed a significant depression in SOP by PMNs compared with the controls and no complication group. These results suggest that advanced gastric cancer patients may have defective oxidative PMN metabolism, and that a decrease of SOP is a contributory cause of high susceptibility to postoperative infection in cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effects of bethanechol on the pancreas in antrectomized and normal rats.

The effect of chronic administration of bethanechol and pentagastrin on the pancreas was examined. Rats were either antrectomized or subjected to a sham operation. Three weeks after surgery, rats received a daily intraperitoneal injection of either bethanechol (12 mg/kg) or pentagastrin (250 micrograms/kg) for 14 days. The fasting serum gastrin after bethanechol treatment increased to 1.89 times that of controls treated with saline. Although antrectomy decreased fasting serum gastrin to approximately 40% of controls, serum gastrin increased by 2.17 times that of the antrectomized rats and 1.37 times that of controls in the bethanechol group. After 14 days of bethanechol treatment, weight and amylase in the pancreas increased significantly compared with control; DNA and protein also increased 1.3 and 1.5 times that of control. The increase in DNA and pancreatic weight indicated that hyperplasia was the predominant mechanism. The pancreas showed atrophy in antrectomized rats but this was reversed by both bethanechol and pentagastrin. The results indicate that either endogenous gastric or extragastric gastrin release by cholinergic stimuli may have an important role in the regulation of pancreatic growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Histopathologic studies on adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland.

Of 683 cases of primary epithelial tumors arising in the parotid gland, 20 cases could be defined as adenocarcinomas, constituting 2.9% of the total number or 10.0% of 201 malignant tumors. These adenocarcinomas were characterized by a marked diversity in the histologic manifestations, presenting tubular, papillary, pseudoadenoid cystic, cribriform, trabecular, sarcomatoid, and other patterns. Basically, however, they could be classified into two major subtypes, i.e., tubular and papillary variants on the basis of their predominant histological patterns. The tumor cells showed a distinctive sign of high grade malignancy such as the occurrence of many mitotic figures and involvements of lymphatic vessels and/or blood vessels. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells consisted of two basic varieties, resembling myoepithelial cells and duct epithelium. It is thus suggested that immature tumor cells could differentiate into a structure mimicking an intercalated duct. Clinicopathologically, the tumors were seen with a higher frequency in middle-aged males (average 44 years of age).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Design of a portable artificial heart drive system based on efficiency analysis.

This paper discusses a computer simulation of a pneumatic portable piston-type artificial heart drive system with a linear d-c-motor. The purpose of the design is to obtain an artificial heart drive system with high efficiency and small dimensions to enhance portability. The design employs two factors contributing the total efficiency of the drive system. First, the dimensions of the pneumatic actuator were optimized under a cost function of the total efficiency. Second, the motor performance was studied in terms of efficiency. More than 50 percent of the input energy of the actuator with practical loads is consumed in the armature circuit in all linear d-c-motors with brushes. An optimal design is: the piston cross-sectional area of 10.5 cm2 cylinder longitudinal length of 10 cm. The total efficiency could be up to 25 percent by improving the gasket to reduce the frictional force.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1986

[Combination of missile-induced hypertensive intra-aortic infusion chemotherapy in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma].

A case of hepatocellular carcinoma was treated with anti-alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) antibody-adriamycin via the hepatic artery with induced hypertension by angiotensin II. A minor response was achieved (from 13.5 X 9.0 cm to 10.5 X 7.5 cm) and serum AFP decreased from 310,000 ng/ml to 26,000 ng/ml. The patient has been doing well during a follow-up period of one year. This result suggests that targeting chemotherapy used for each drug delivery system would be more effective if combined with two or more similar modalities.

Angiotensin II↗