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T Kitamura

Publications and source records attributed to T Kitamura.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Axon collaterals of spinocerebellar fibers terminate in the parabrachial nucleus of the rat.

When horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or wheat germ agglutinin conjugated with HRP was injected into the anterior cerebellar vermis or the spinal cord segments in the rat, terminal labeling was seen in the small round area within the dorsal part of the middle one-third of the parabrachial nucleus (PB). When the tracer was injected into the round PB area, many neuronal cell bodies were labeled in the spinal cord segments, but none in the cerebellum. Thus, the terminal labeling in the round PB area was assumed to be that of axon collaterals of spinocerebellar fibers.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Recent advances in ultrasonographic diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography (US) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was estimated by checking against the regional cancer registry, and also the clinical features, major therapy, and prognosis of HCC cases diagnosed by initial US were examined for the two periods of 1980 and 1984. The number of patients with HCC was 83 of 4442 in 1980 and 86/3393 in 1984. As for the detectability of the tumor, the sensitivity improved from 94.0% to 96.5%. Regarding the ability to confirm the detected tumor to be HCC, the sensitivity improved from 53.0% to 68.6% without decrease in the specificity of 99.9%. The size and number of nodules were more accurately diagnosed in 1984, and cases with small (less than or equal to 4 cm) single nodule increased from 2% to 9%. Active therapy was performed in more cases and the 2-year survival rate increased from 9% to 20%. The remarkable improvement was achieved in the diagnostic accuracy of US for HCC during 4 years from 1980 to 1984.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Establishment and characterization of a unique human cell line that proliferates dependently on GM-CSF, IL-3, or erythropoietin.

We have established a novel cell line, designated as TF-1, from a patient with erythroleukemia, which showed complete growth dependency on granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or on interleukin-3 (IL-3) and carried a homogeneous chromosomal abnormality (54X). Erythropoietin (EPO) also sustained the short-term growth of TF-1, but did not induce erythroid differentiation. These three hematopoietic growth factors acted on TF-1 synergistically. Transforming growth factor-beta and interferons inhibited the factor-dependent growth of TF-1 cells in a dose-dependent fashion, and monocyte-colony stimulating factor and interkeukin-1 enhanced the GM-CSF-dependent growth of TF-1. Ultrastructural studies revealed some very immature features in this cell line. Although TF-1 cells do not express glycophorin A or carbonyl anhydrase I, the morphological and cytochemical features, and the constitutive expression of globin genes, indicate the commitment of TF-1 to erythroid lineage. When induced to differentiate, TF-1 entered two different pathways. Specifically, hemin and delta-aminolevulinic acid induced hemoglobin synthesis, whereas TPA induced dramatic differentiation of TF-1 into macrophage-like cells. In summary, TF-1 is a cell line of immature erythroid origin that requires GM-CSF, IL-3, or EPO for its growth and that has the ability to undergo differentiation into either more mature erythroid cells or into macrophage-like cells. TF-1 is a useful tool for analyzing the human receptors for IL-3, GM-CSF, and EPO or the signal transduction of these hemopoietic growth factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Detection of anti-rotavirus IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies in healthy subjects, rotavirus infections, and immunodeficiencies by immunoblotting.

Immune responses to individual simian rotavirus (SA 11) structural polypeptides were studied with emphasis on specific IgG, IgM, and IgA in paired sera from four children with rotavirus infections. Responses to simian rotavirus (SA 11) were also studied in 103 healthy children, 10 patients with primary immunodeficiency who received intravenous immunoglobulin, and 11 human immunodeficiency virus antibody-positive patients. All samples were immunoblotted for two major polypeptides--VP2 and VP6--of IgG. Immunoblotted IgA and IgM were elevated 2-4 weeks after the onset of the disease (stage II) in patients with rotavirus infection. Immunoblotted IgG remained almost the same at the onset of the disease and stage II. The scores for primary and secondary immunodeficiency patients were lower than for healthy children. The score obtained by totaling all polypeptides found in each individual was compared with the optical density (OD) value obtained by enzyme immunoassay.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Detection of group C rotaviruses in Tokyo.

Four human group C rotaviruses were detected in Tokyo in 1987 and 1988 during a survey over 7 years. Among the four rotaviruses, two electrophoretic patterns were indicated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic (PAGE) analyses. Clinical symptoms, signs, family history, and patients' ages varied. Group C rotaviruses were found also in other parts of Japan in 1988. It was suspected that group C rotaviruses would continue to spread throughout Japan within the near future.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1989

Detection of anti rotavirus coproantibodies by immunoblotting technique.

IgA and IgG coproantibodies to individual simian rotavirus (SA 11) structural polypeptides were detected in healthy infants in nursery homes. The number of immunoblottable peptides differed from individual to individual. Coproantibodies were also detected at the convalescent stage of rotavirus infection in two patients but not during the acute stage. This method is useful for confirming the diagnosis of rotavirus infection serologically without the need for paired sera.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1989

Clinical and histopathological appraisal of preoperative irradiation for adenocarcinoma of the pancreatoduodenal region.

A retrospective review to elucidate the rationale of preoperative irradiation was made on 18 carcinomas of the head of the pancreas area. After 50 Gy/25 fractions of 10 MV X-ray was given, all 18 tumors decreased from 3.3 +/- 0.8 cm to 2.0 +/- 0.7 cm. At the surgical operation, 16 patients (89%) received pancreatic resection, without operative death. Histologically, in 13 of these 16 cases, the population of severely degenerative cancer cells (SDCC) was more than 1/3 of all cancer cells, and SDCCs were likely to locate at the periphery (advancing point of carcinoma). These histological patterns were considered as favorable to improve the operative curability. However, in the remaining three cases, the SDCC population was less than 1/3. In addition, nonaffected (i.e., viable) cancer cells were detected at the periphery, and this is an extremely adverse condition for subsequent surgery. Chronic pancreatitis in the noncancerous area was present in these three cases, but not in the 13 cases. Therefore, the most significant factor that predicts the radioresistance especially at the periphery of the carcinoma was considered to be coexisting chronic pancreatitis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Caudato-nigral transmission in the substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons changes with recovery from circling movements induced by microinfusion of ibotenic acid. II. Electrophysiological study on synaptic transmission.

Caudato-nigral synaptic transmission was examined by stimulation of the caudate nucleus while recording from nigral neurons in cats recovering from circling movements induced by a unilateral circumscribed lesion in the substantia nigra pars reticulata after microinfusion of ibotenic acid. Extra- and intracellular recording from neurons in lesion-spared areas of the substantia nigra pars reticulata indicated that the caudato-nigral synaptic action on the side ipsilateral to the lesion exhibited a shorter duration of inhibition and a larger amplitude of excitation as a means of compensating for the circling movements.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1989

Validity of the Japanese version of the GHQ among antenatal clinic attendants.

The validity of the Japanese version of the 30-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was examined against the semi-structured interview-based Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) as external criteria. The GHQ total score discriminated 'cases' and 'non-cases' satisfactorily but its recommended cut-off point was higher (7/8) than that of the original English version (4/5). Discriminant function analysis revealed that only 13 items contributed to the discriminatory power and that their discriminant function score was better than a simple summation of the 30 GHQ item scores in terms of validity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Epidemiology of rotavirus infection around Tokyo area].

Epidemiology of rotavirus infection was studied from 1981 to 1988 mainly in three hospitals around Tokyo area. Major serotypes of rotaviruses in the three places were different from those in two hospitals around Kansai area in Japan (Ref. 6, 13), while, major serotypes were same among three hospitals. Both of serotypes 1 and 4 in group A were mostly found around Tokyo area. Frequencies of type 2, 3, and 9 in group A were low, although the frequencies were various among periods. Detail examinations of rotavirus RNA electropherotypes showed the results as follows; different electropherotypes were found during one winter season and at one hospital, the identical electropherotype was found cross a year and cross a hospital. We could not find the identical electropherotype which belong to two serotypes so far. Seven group C rotaviruses were found since 1987 in three hospitals. It would be important to examine RNA electropherotypes and serotypes for long period not only for epidemiological studies but also for development of vaccine.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Spinocerebellar tract neurons with axons passing through the inferior or superior cerebellar peduncles. A retrograde horseradish peroxidase study in rats.

Using the retrograde horseradish peroxidase (HRP) method, we determined whether axons of the spinocerebellar tract (SCT) neurons pass through the superior (SCP) or the inferior (ICP) cerebellar peduncle in rats. Following bilateral section of either the SCPs or the ICPs, HRP was injected into the cerebellar anterior lobe and lobule VI, and the resulting labeled neurons were quantitatively examined throughout the length of the spinal cord. Almost all SCT neurons in the central cervical nucleus, Clarke's column and lamina VII of the third cervical (C3) to third thoracic (T3) segments and the T11 to fifth lumbar (L5) segments, and the majority of SCT neurons in the ventrolateral part of the anterior horn of the L6 to caudal (Ca) segments and laminae V of the C8-L5 segments and VII of the L6-Ca segments project their axons through the ICPs. The majority of spinal border cells (T11-L5) and a large number of SCT neurons in lamina VII of the C3-T3, T11-L5 and L6-Ca segments project their axons through the SCPs. A nearly equal number of SCT neurons in lamina VIII (C1-L6) send axons through the SCPs or the ICPs. The proportion of SCT neurons projecting via the SCPs versus those projecting via the ICPs was approximately 1:5.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Expression of ras p21 oncogene product on human bladder tumors.

The immunohistochemical localization of ras p21 oncogene product was examined in human bladder cancer. These bladder cancers consist of 52 superficial bladder tumors and 10 cases of invasive tumor. Five (9.6%) of 52 superficial tumors were demonstrated to be positive for ras p21 product. Two (20%) of 10 cases which showed deep tumor infiltration were demonstrated to be positive for ras p21 oncogene product. When we analyzed the incidence of positive staining for ras p21 with regard to histological grade of bladder cancer, 2 of 30 (7%) patients with G1, 4 of 26 (15%) with G2, and 1 of 6 (17%) with G3 had positive staining for the ras p21 oncogene product. One of five patients who showed positive staining on tumors had tumor recurrence 3 months later. The remaining 4 patients positive for the ras p21 oncogene product had no tendency for recurrence in 11-19 months' follow-up. Therefore, the incidence of detection of ras p21 oncogene product on superficial and deep infiltrating bladder tumor was similar and there was no significant correlation between the incidence of positive ras p21 staining and depth of invasion of bladder tumors or histological grade.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Psychiatric diagnosis in Japan. 1. A study on diagnostic labels used by practitioners.

In a questionnaire survey, a list of 64 psychiatric diagnostic labels was presented to 20 randomly selected Japanese psychiatrists affiliated to a university department of psychiatry. For each label, they were asked (2) whether they used it in everyday practice, (b) whether they rarely used it but would do so if faced with such a case, or (c) whether they had never and would never use it. It was found that these Japanese psychiatrists used a relatively small number of diagnostic categories; in their classificatory system, functional mental disorders would be dichotomized into psychoses and neuroses with the former further divided into schizophrenic, atypical and manic-depressive psychoses, and the latter divided into seven subcategories, i.e., anxiety neurosis, hysteria, depressive neurosis, phobia, obsessive compulsive neurosis, depersonalization neurosis and hypochondriasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Psychiatric diagnosis in Japan. 2. Reliability of conventional diagnosis and discrepancies with Research Diagnostic Criteria diagnosis.

Twenty Japanese psychiatrists were asked for their conventional diagnoses for each of 29 case vignettes already diagnosed according to Research Diagnostic Criteria. The reliability coefficients of Japanese conventional diagnoses were low; only two categories exceeded the intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.7. However, the low reliability was found to be due not to random variations but to the difference of individual psychiatrists in setting boundaries of diagnostic entities though sharing the common prototype for each diagnostic category.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Family history study of major psychiatric disorders and syndromes.

The family history of major psychiatric disorders was examined among relatives of 193 in-patients fulfilling the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for Schizophrenia, Unspecified Functional Psychoses, Schizoaffective Disorder, Manic Disorder or Major Depressive Disorder. The morbid risk (MR) for schizophrenia was greater among the relatives of probands with non-affective psychoses whereas the MR for mania was greater among the relatives of probands with affective bipolar disorder. When major psychiatric syndromes were examined, only manic syndrome showed familial aggregation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical value of bedside ultrasonography in craniectomized patients].

Twenty-five patients underwent bedside ultrasonographic examination through a postoperative skull defect, and the images were compared with axial computed tomography (CT) scans. The patients included 12 with cerebrovascular disease, two with brain tumor, one with a brain abscess, and 10 with head injury. Clear ultrasonographic images were obtained in all patients except one who had undergone a suboccipital craniectomy. Ultrasound was most useful when hydrocephalus was present, in which cases, regardless of the cause, hypo-echoic dilated third and lateral ventricles were demonstrated. In one case, it was decided to emplace a ventriculoperitoneal shunt on the basis of the results of serial sonography, which documented ventricular enlargement. Intracerebral hematomas also were identified by ultrasonography. Acute hematomas, such as subarachnoid blood clots persisting after clipping of an aneurysm, appeared as hyper-echoic images, whereas, late hematomas were depicted as hypo-echoic images. In one case, a recurrent brain tumor was depicted as a hyper-echoic mass. In multiple-trauma patients with head injury who were too unstable to be moved for CT scanning, ultrasound was extremely useful. So-called "delayed traumatic intracerebral hematoma" was identified in two cases subsequent to removal of an acute subdural hematoma. These results that serial ultrasonographic examination of the lateral ventricles through a craniectomy can supplement CT scanning in the evaluation of hydrocephalus and is also useful in evaluating cerebrovascular disease, brain tumors, infection, and head injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Hormonal changes in major depressive disorder.

The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was performed in 38 patients satisfying the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for cortisol, human growth hormone (hGH), prolactin, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined at 4:00 p.m. before the administration of dexamethasone, whereas cortisol, hGH and TSH were determined at 4:00 p.m. the day after. Among hormonal variables, only cortisol index (the ratio of the pre-DST cortisol to the post-DST cortisol) was barely useful for discriminating depression. The cortisol index was also correlated with RDC incapacitating subcategory and with symptoms of affect such as depressed mood and psychic anxiety.

Adolescent↗