Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Kinouchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Kinouchi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Solubilization and partial properties of receptor substance for bacteriophage alpha 2 induced from Clostridium botulinum type A 190L.

Bacteriophage alpha 2, one of the two inducible phages from Clostridium botulinum type A 190L, had a latent period of 55 min and an average burst size of 75 in C. botulinum type A Hall used as the host bacterium. The phage particles were adsorbed on the cell walls extracted with hot trichloroacetic acid (TCA-walls). The receptor substance for the phage was solubilized from the TCA-walls with Achromopeptidase and fractionated by gel filtration on Sephadex G-150. The fraction having the highest level of receptor activity for the phage contained large amounts of muramic acid and glucosamine. Both authentic muramic acid and glucosamine significantly inactivated the phage, whereas glucose, galactose, L-and D-alanine, diaminopimeric acid, or D-glutamic acid did not exhibit similar activity. There results strongly suggest that the receptor site for phage alpha 2 is closely associated with glycan moieties of the cell wall peptidoglycan.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1985

Mutagenic nitropyrenes in foods.

Identification of mutagenic factors in foods is of concern because they may represent carcinogens to man. Cooked foods, especially their basic fractions containing heterocyclic amines, have high mutagenicity; the neutral fractions containing mutagenic nitropyrenes, however, have not been studied in detail. The mutagenicity of various grilled foods--10 vegetables, 4 fish, and 4 kinds of meat with and without sauce--was studied. The concentration of 1-nitropyrene was measured after reduction by a specific nitroreductase purified from Bacteroides fragilis. 1-Nitropyrene was detected in grilled corn, horse-mackerel, and mackerel, and accounted for less than 10% of the total mutagenicity of the crude extracts in the Salmonella mutation test using strain TA98 in the absence of S9 mix. The mutagenicity of the diethyl ether-soluble basic fractions of meat grilled without a marinating sauce was very high. However, the sauce decreased the mutagenicity of the basic fractions and increased the mutagenicity of the neutral fractions. Moreover, considerable amounts of 1-nitropyrene were detected in pork and yakitori (grilled chicken) grilled with the sauce. The neutral fractions of yakitori grilled for 3, 5, and 7 min contained 3.8, 19, and 43 ng, respectively, of 1-nitropyrene per gram of yakitori, accounting for 3.0, 2.7, and 1.3%, respectively, of the total extract mutagenicity. We conclude that formation of 1-nitropyrene in the yakitori is due to pyrene produced by incomplete combustion of fat in the chicken, its nitration at acidic pH by nitrogen dioxide emitted by burning of cooking gas, and some components of the marinating sauce. Antimutagenic activity of edible mushrooms against 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indol (Trp-P-1) was also studied.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[VM-26 salvage therapy for refractory or recurrent germinal testicular cancers].

Four patients with refractory or recurrent germinal testicular cancers were treated with the combination of VM-26 and cis-platinum, and two of them also in combination with radiation therapy. Two complete responses and two partial responses were observed. One partial response was rendered no evidence of disease by sequential radiation therapy. Three of the patients remained to have no evidence of disease from 16, 21 and 22 months. Toxicity was tolerable. VM-26 is an active drug in germinal testicular cancers and plays an important role in salvage therapy, for refractory or recurrent cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Mutagenic 1-nitropyrene in wastewater from oil-water separating tanks of gasoline stations and in used crankcase oil.

Wastewater collected from oil-water separating tanks of ten gasoline stations for a year was fractionated into diethyl ether-soluble neutral, acidic, and basic fractions. Mutagenicity of these fractions was measured with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 in the presence or absence of S9 mix. The neutral fractions showed high mutagenicity in the absence of S9 mix. Each neutral fraction was subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and fractionated. A 1-nitropyrene(1-NP)-corresponding fraction was collected and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and HPLC to prove that wastewater contains 1-NP and to quantitate 1-NP in wastewater. GC-MS patterns showed the following molecular and fragment ion peaks of 1-NP: 247, 217, 201, and 189. The amount of 1-NP in 36 samples of wastewater was 4.2-25,600 ng per liter of wastewater, and 1-NP accounted for 0.3-58.5% of the total mutagenicity of the neutral fractions. The other 19 samples of wastewater did not contain any detectable 1-NP. The mutagenicity of wastewater may be due to water from car washing and contamination by used crankcase oil. A Soxhlet extract of crankcase oil used in a gasoline was fractionated into three fractions as above. Mutagenicity was measured with strains TA98, TA100, TA98NR, and TA98/1,8-DNP6 in the absence or presence of S9 mix. The neutral fraction showed the highest mutagenicity with strain TA98 in the absence of S9 mix, and its mutagenicity was decreased in strains TA98NR and TA98/1,8-DNP6. The latter result indicates that the used engine-oil contained 1-NP and dinitropyrenes. Actually, the amounts of 1-NP and 1,6-diNP in used crankcase oil were 138 and 2.0 ng per ml of oil, respectively, and these concentrations accounted for 0.45 and 2.7%, respectively, of the total mutagenicity of the neutral fraction with strain TA98 in the absence of S9 mix. Moreover, the concentrations of 1-NP and 1,6-diNP in used crankcase oil of a diesel engine were 349 and 31 ng per ml of oil, respectively, accounting for 0.9 and 12%, respectively, of the total mutagenicity of the neutral fraction in the same assay system.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1984

[A case of vesical malacoplakia].

A 44-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital, complaining of terminal hematuria. On cystoscopy four yellow and soft nodular masses were observed in the bladder, one of which had central ulceration. TUR was performed for these masses. Histological examination revealed that they were vesical malacoplakia. The masses consisted of aggregates of macrophages with abundant cytoplasma in which typical Michaelis-Gutmann bodies were demonstrated by light and electron microscopies.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

1,6-Dinitropyrene: mutagenicity in Salmonella and carcinogenicity in BALB/c mice.

In tests on the carcinogenicity of 1,6-dinitropyrene [(1,6-DNP) CAS: 42397-64-8] and 1-nitropyrene [(1-NP) CAS: 5522-43-0], 0.1 mg of each compound was inoculated sc into BALB/c mice once a week for 20 weeks. In the group given injections of 1,6-DNP the first tumor appeared on day 112, and 10 of the 20 mice developed tumors at the injection site by 45 weeks after the first injection. However, no tumors were induced in any of the mice that received injections of 1-NP. All of the induced tumors were transplantable for more than five generations in male BALB/c mice. Most of the tumors showed the characteristic histologic features of malignant fibrous histiocytoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Purification and characterization of 1-nitropyrene nitroreductases from Bacteroides fragilis.

We isolated four nitroreductases from Bacteroides fragilis GAI0624 and examined their physicochemical and functional properties. Two major enzyme activities were found in the adsorbed and unadsorbed fractions from DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The adsorbed fraction was subjected to Sephadex G-200 column chromatography, and two further activities were separated. One has high nitroreductase activity (nitroreductase I), and the other has low activity and relatively high molecular weight (nitroreductase III). The nitroreductase I fraction was subjected to hydroxylapatite and chromatofocusing column chromatography, and nitroreductase I was purified about 416-fold with a yield of 6.77%. The unadsorbed fraction from DEAE-cellulose column chromatography was subjected to Sepharose 2B and Sepharose 6B column chromatography. Two enzyme activities were obtained by the Sepharose 6B column chromatography. One has high activity (nitroreductase II), and the other has low activity (nitroreductase IV). Nitroreductase II was rechromatographed by Sepharose 6B gel filtration and purified about 178-fold with a yield of 9.65%. The four enzymes (nitroreductases I, II, III, and IV) were shown to be different by several criteria. Their molecular weights, determined by gel filtration, were 52,000, 320,000, 180,000, and 680,000, respectively. The substrate specificity, the effect on mutagenicity of mutagenic nitro compounds, of nitroreductases I, III, and IV was relatively high for 1-nitropyrene, dinitropyrenes, and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, respectively, but nitroreductase II had broad specificity. Nitroreductase activity required a coenzyme; nitroreductases II, III, and IV were NADPH linked, but nitroreductase I was NADH linked. All enzyme activity was enhanced by addition of flavin mononucleotide and inhibited significantly by dicumarol, p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, o-iodosobenzoic acid, sodium azide, and Cu2+.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bacteroides fragilis↗
PubMed1983

[Experience with transabdominal and scrotal ultrasonographic examination in urology].

To evaluate its diagnostic availability in urology, transabdominal and scrotal ultrasonographic examination was made on 87 patients who had been admitted to our hospital for space occupying lesions. In retroperitoneal lesions, adrenal tumors and renal tumors greater than 2.5 cm could be detected by this examination. In pelvic lesions, bladder tumors greater than 0.5 cm were demonstrated and prostatic carcinoma with heterogeneous echotexture and irregular margin was discriminated from BPH. Not only could fluid-filled scrotal lesions larger than 1.0 cm be distinguished from solid mass lesions, but the intrascrotal anatomy could also be demonstrated in detail. Because of its safety, flexibility, and accuracy in detecting space occupying lesions, this examination could be a useful screening test in urology. Representative cases we experienced are presented.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

Biotransformation of 1-nitropyrene in intestinal anaerobic bacteria.

Mutagenic nitroaromatic compounds have recently been found in photocopies, urban atmosphere, automobile exhaust and wastewater. 1-Nitropyrene (1-NP) is readily formed when pyrene, ubiquitous in the environment, is exposed to nitrogen dioxide in the urban atmosphere or in automobile exhaust, and is highly mutagenic, inducing 449 his+ revertants/plate/nmol from Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 in the absence of S9 fraction in the Salmonella-microsome test. It is possible to swallow sputum or some food containing 1-NP and it would come into contact with the normal bacterial flora. We determined the 1-NP nitroreductase activity in environmental and laboratory bacterial strains. We found that the mutagenicity of 1-NP mixed with the feces of a healthy man or a culture of anaerobic bacteria was decreased. The product proved to be 1-aminopyrene (1-AP), based on its fluorescence spectrum, its mass spectrum, and its characteristic thin layer chromatographic and high performance liquid chromatographic patterns. The 1-NP nitroreductase activity of aerobic bacteria was low, but crude extracts from the anaerobic bacteria, i.e., Bacteroides fragilis, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. vulgatus, Fusobacterium mortiferum, F. nucleatum, Clostridium perfringens, C. sporogenes, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. bifidum, Eubacterium lentum, E. limosum, and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, all easily converted 1-NP to 1-AP and proportionally decreased the mutagenic activity of 1-NP.

Adult↗