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Biomedical subjects

T Katayama

Publications and source records attributed to T Katayama.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Motor innervation of the mole and shrew snout muscles by means of horseradish peroxidase technique.

The axonal transport method of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used for defining the anatomical background of the snout movements in 54 Japanese shrew-moles, Urotrichus talpoides, 4 Temminck's moles, Mogera wogura, and 21 big-clawed shrews, Sorex unguiculatus. Either snout muscle or proximal stump of the facial nerve on one side was exposed to HRP. The results obtained from this experimental study were as follows: HRP-containing cells were found either ipsilaterally or bilaterally in the facial motor nucleus in both the moles and shrews. The HRP-containing cells were grouped into 4 subnuclei: ventrolateral, ventromedial, dorsal and accessory. In case of the snout muscle being exposed to the HRP were the HRP-containing cells found in the ventral groups. A HRP-positive fiber bundle was found at the genu of the facial motor root extending toward the median raphe, when the proximal stump of the facial nerve was exposed to the HRP.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[A case of portal hypertension with massive gastrointestinal bleeding from ileal varices].

A rare case of massive gastrointestinal bleeding from ileal varices was reported. On December 28, 1982, a 49-year-old male was admitted to Kurashiki Central Hospital because of massive gastrointestinal bleeding. Eleven years ago, the patient underwent an emergency operation for rupture of esophageal varices. The venous phase of selective superior mesenteric and celiac angiography showed mesenteric varices, but no definite bleeding point was noted. Endoscopy revealed esophageal varices, but no area of bleeding was encountered. Because of frequently repeated hemorrhages, laparotomy was performed. A large vein was found on the surface of the ileal wall, through an adhesion to the lateral pelvic wall. Partial resection of ileum was performed. Histological examination of the resected small bowel demonstrated ruptured submucosal varices. The postoperative course was uneventful and he was discharged on the 40th postoperative day. It is stressed that this disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis for a patient with lower gastrointestinal bleeding and portal hypertension.

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1984

Clinical effects of proteinase, sfericase (AI-794), on chronic bronchitis and similar diseases.

The clinical effect and utility of sfericase was compared with an inactive placebo by a double-blind method in three groups of a total 109 patients suffering from chronic respiratory diseases who had complained of difficult expectoration of sputum. A significantly greater improvement of expectoration was obtained in Group A-1 (6 tablets/day). Also in group A-1, more cases showed subjective and objective improvement, i.e., improvement in expectoration, reduction in coughs, decrease in the amount of sputum, and disappearance of râles. However, the sputum and its degree of purulency remained unchanged in most cases in all three groups. Side effects were few. The clinical efficacy of sfericase in the group with 2 tablets, 3X/day (total daily dose of 6 tablets) was shown to be significantly superior to the other two groups. This dosage was established as the optimal dose for treating difficulty in expectoration.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Increased adrenal epinephrine and norepinephrine in spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with hyperbaric oxygen.

Adrenal catecholamines were determined in Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY), and stroke-prone and stroke-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP, SHR) treated with hyperbaric oxygen for 90 minutes daily from 6 to 13 weeks of age. The animals were divided into 5 groups. Group I (control group), was handled under the same conditions as pressure-treated groups II and III, but with ambient oxygen pressure and concentration. Group II (pressure-control group), was treated with 2 atmospheric absolute pressures (ATA) of air without any oxygen provided. Group III (high-oxygen group), was exposed to 2 ATA under the environment of air saturating oxygen. Group IV (antihypertensive group), was treated with hydralazine. Group V (adrenalectomized group), was given 1% NaCl solution and bilateral adrenalectomy. The average contents of adrenal norepinephrine of SHR and of SHRSP in Group I were greater (p less than 0.05-p less than 0.001) than those of the WKY in Group I. A similar tendency was also observed for the content of adrenal epinephrine. The average concentrations of adrenal epinephrine and norepinephrine of SHR and SHRSP in Group II and III were significantly (p less than 0.05-p less than 0.001) greater than those of the respective rats in Group I, but no significant differences were noted in the blood pressure between pressure-treated groups (II, III) and the control group (I). Adrenalectomized SHR, SHRSP and WKY rats (Group V) had similar blood pressure levels as the control rats (Group I). The development of hypertension in SHR and SHRSP was effectively suppressed by the treatment with hydralazine, which, however failed to reduce concentrations of adrenal epinephrine and norepinephrine in these rats. These results indicate that increased adrenomedullary function in SHR and SHRSP is further enhanced by hyperbaric oxygenation treatment, but that high concentrations of adrenal catecholamines are not required for the pathogenesis of spontaneous hypertension of these animals at this age.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1984

[A case of papillary cystadenoma of epididymis with chief complaint of male infertility].

A 24-year-old man whose chief complaint was male infertility for 3 years was referred to our clinic. Round nodules approximately 2 cm in diameter were observed both in the left epididymis-head and the right para-epididymal head. These tumors were removed and they were confirmed to be papillary cystadenoma histopathologically. Only 6 cases of papillary cystadenoma including our case were collected in Japan. Pathologic lesions of this disease associated with Lindau's disease were also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Aminopeptidase activity in the livers of rats with experimental chronic renal failure.

Membrane-bound aminopeptidase activities in livers of rats with experimental renal failure were assayed. Only aminopeptidase A activity was decreased with the reduction in renal function, but aminopeptidase B and Leu-aminopeptidase activity did not change. The liver membrane-bound aminopeptidase A activity was inhibited by the addition of angiotensin I or -II in the enzyme assay system. From these results, it is expected that a decrease in liver membrane-bound aminopeptidase A activity may play a role in increasing angiotensin II during renal failure.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1983

[Therapeutic experience of primary aldosteronism associated with chronic renal failure].

A 58-year-old man with primary aldosteronism associated with chronic chronic renal failure was treated with CAPD, oral administrations of Trilostane and furosemide. No adverse clinical or laboratory response could be attributed to these combination therapies. After subsequent removal of aldosterone-producing adenoma from left adrenal gland, his clinical symptoms were slightly improved. This case, still received CAPD treatment, is a unique presentation for primary aldosteronism without showing suppressed plasma renin activity.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

The laminar arrangement of limbic thalamocortical neurons in the lateropulvinar nuclei of the cat thalamus.

The topical organization of limbic cortical projections of the lateropulvinar nuclei of the thalamus in the cat was studied with the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) technique. The dorsal margins of the dorsal lateral, medial pulvinar and lateral pulvinar nuclei project to the postsubicular and presubicular areas (presubiculum in a wide sense), the most dorsal parts of these nuclei projecting to the retrosplenial area, and the dorsal parts to the cingular area. These three zones of limbic thalamocortical neurons in the lateropulvinar nuclei are arranged in lamination from the surface inward, and may be called presubicular, retrosplenial and cingular zones.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Enkephalin degrading enzymes in cerebrospinal fluid.

Enkephalins were rapidly degraded by specific enzyme systems in vivo. In cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), however, it has been undefined whether these enzyme systems existed. Our experiments showed enkephalins were hydrolyzed by the enzymatic activity in both CSF of human and monkey. The results by the thin layer chromatography and the high performance liquid chromatography revealed the reaction products of CSF and enkephalin were tyrosine, tyrosyl-glycine and tyrosyl-glycyl-glycine. Therefore, the enzymes in CSF were considered to be an aminopeptidase, a dipeptidyl aminopeptidase and a dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase. Our results suggest that in the assay of enkephalin in CSF, the effects of these enzymes should be considered.

Cerebrospinal Fluid↗
PubMed1983

A membrane-bound aminopeptidase isolated from monkey brain and its action on enkephalin.

A membrane-bound aminopeptidase which cleaves the tyrosine-glycine bond of enkephalin was purified about 1600-fold from monkey brain. This aminopeptidase hydrolyzed Leu-enkephalin with a Km value of 35 microM and also hydrolyzed basic, neutral and aromatic amino acid beta-naphthylamides. An apparently homogeneous enzyme consisted of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of approx. 100 000. The optimum pH was in the neutral region. From the analysis of the reaction products, only aminopeptidase activity was detected. The enzyme was inactivated by metal chelators, but the activity could be restored by the addition of divalent cations, such as Co2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+. Puromycin, bestatin and amastatin, which are aminopeptidase inhibitors derived from microorganism, showed strong competitive inhibition of the enzyme, the most potent being amastatin, with a Ki value of 0.02 microM.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1983

Coexistence of hyperplasia of renomedullary interstitial cells and juxtaglomerular cells after acute occlusion of renal artery.

A left renal artery aneurysm was found in a 45-year-old normotensive man. In an attempt to evade the possible occurrence of aneurysmal rupture, aneurysmectomy in addition to left renal biopsy (first surgery) was performed. This vascular operation led to a virtually complete renal artery stenosis concomitant with the development of hypertension. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and levels of plasma prostaglandins were also increased following this failed surgery. Reconstruction of the affected renal artery was technically so difficult that left nephrectomy was carried out (second surgery). Renal specimens obtained at the first surgery revealed no histological abnormalities. Discriminating histological findings of the kidney obtained at the second surgery were remarkable; hyperplasia of the juxtaglomerular cells producing renin and hyperplasia of the renomedullary interstitial cells which had pecularities similar to cells known to secrete renal prostaglandins. High levels of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and plasma prostaglandins after the first surgery were reduced following the second surgery. It is suggested that acute constriction of the renal artery led to a hyperplastic change of the juxtaglomerular cells and the renomedullary interstitial cells and stimulated an inappropriate release of renin and renal prostaglandins.

Acute Disease↗