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Biomedical subjects

T Katayama

Publications and source records attributed to T Katayama.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Facile release of NADPH oxidase from polymorphonuclear leukocyte membrane by mild pressure treatment.

NADPH oxidase, a complex enzyme system in the cell membrane responsible for the bactericidal function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes through the production of superoxide anion, was facilely released by mild treatment with a press. At the pressure where almost all NADPH oxidase activity was released, releases of the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, 5'-nucleotidase, lysozyme, and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, and of the amount of total protein were negligible. This method can be useful for the elucidation of NADPH oxidase.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1986

Down's syndrome associated with seminoma.

A case of unilateral seminoma in Down's syndrome is reported. The relation of testicular cancer with Down's syndrome and the necessity of the follow-up biopsy of the contralateral testis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

N-(3',4'-dimethoxycinnamoyl)anthranillic acid, an antiallergic compound, induced eosinophilic cystitis.

Eosinophilic cystitis developed in an asthmatic patient after therapy with the antiasthmatic agent, Tranilast. The progress of this patient and the histopathologic findings of bladder biopsy specimens are reported. A review of recent publications on the possible causative correlations is presented. It appears judicious to perform bladder biopsy if common chemotherapy fails to improve bladder irritability in patients receiving Tranilast therapy. If a diagnosis of eosinophilic cystitis induced by Tranilast is established, immediate withdrawal of the drug with or without steroid therapy is recommended.

Cystitis↗
PubMed1986

Species differences in the angiotensin converting enzyme activity of mammalian serum.

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE; EC 3. 4. 15. 1) activities were compared in the serum of various mammals. Cattle, human, monkey, and swine serum showed enzyme levels from 3.7 to 67 mU/ml. Relatively high enzyme activity was observed in rodents, the rat (Wistar) and mouse (BALB/c) showing levels of 93 +/- 7 and 1052 +/- 165 mU/ml, respectively. Among the mammalian sera examined, that of the guinea pig contained the highest ACE level, 2262 +/- 574 mU/ml. No age-related difference in enzyme activity was observed in 10-day-old to 1-year-old guinea pigs.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Thalamic projections to the motor and premotor areas in the cat traced with horseradish peroxidase.

The thalamic afferents to cortical areas 4 and 6 in the cat have been studied using retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase. Areas 4 and 6 receive projections mostly from the ventral lateral (VL) and ventral anterior nuclei. Area 4 gamma receives fibers from the central, ventral and ventrolateral parts of the VL, area 4 delta from the lateral part, area 4sfu from the dorsal and dorsolateral parts, and area 4fu from the dorsal and dorsomedial parts. Area 6a beta receives fibers from the ventromedial part of the VL, area 6a alpha from the medial part, and area 6iffu from the dorsomedial part. Thus, the VL projects to areas 4 and 6 in a topical manner. The ventrodorsal axis of the VL is projected along the anteroposterior axis of areas 4 and 6. In addition, the VL projects topically to these areas also in the mediolateral direction. A considerable number of neurons in the ventral anterior nucleus (VA) send axons to areas 4 and 6. Area 4 receives fibers from the ventrolateral part of the VA, while area 6 receives fibers from its dorsomedial part. These projections are organized topically; the ventrodorsal axis of the VA is represented by the anteroposterior axis of areas 4 and 6. In addition to the VL and VA, areas 4 and 6 receive a fair number of fibers from the lateral central nucleus, and a few fibers from the paracentral, parafascicular and medial central nuclei and from the dorsolateral part of the posteromedial ventral nucleus. Area 4 receives only few fibers from the centre median and limitans nuclei. Area 6 receives a few fibers from the submedial and ventral medial nuclei.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Combination chemotherapy of vincristine, ifosfamide and peplomycin in patients with reactivated prostatic cancer].

Ten patients with reactivated stage D prostatic cancer were treated with the combination therapy of vincristine, ifosfamide and peplomycin (VIP therapy). This treatment gave a good relief of bone pain in 4 out of 8 patients (50%) and improvement of dysuria in 2 out of 6 patients (33%), but objective responses of primary and metastatic lesions were poor. The over-all response rate was 20% by Karnofsky's category of response, 10% by the response criteria of Shida et al., 50% by National Prostatic Cancer Project criteria in the United States and 10% by the response criteria of Koyama and Saito's group. The toxicity of VIP therapy was mild to moderate except for hepatic insufficiency shown in one case.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Hormonal environment and antiandrogenic treatment in benign prostatic hypertrophy].

The plasma luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, testosterone and human growth hormone (HGH) response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy and age-matched control patients were not different. Although all 6 drugs used were effective for treating these benign prostatic hypertrophy patients the 3 drugs, chlormadinone acetate, oxendrone and allylestrenol, were especially recommended.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1986

Inhibitory effects of the analgesic neuropeptides kyotorphin and neo-kyotorphin on enkephalin-degrading enzymes from monkey brain.

The inhibitory effects of the analgesic neuropeptides kyotorphin (Tyr-Arg) and neo-kyotorphin (Thr-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Arg) on enkephalin-degrading enzymes were studied. The enzyme used were aminopeptidase (AP), dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (DPP), enkephalinase-A (ENK-A), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which were prepared from the monkey brain membrane fraction. Kyotorphin inhibited only DPP (IC50, 18 microM), and the mode of inhibition was non-competitive (Ki, 6 microM). Neo-kyotorphin inhibited AP, DPP, and ACE with IC50 values of 131, 306, and 200 microM, respectively, but the inhibition of the enzyme activities were not effective. The selective inhibition by kyotorphin suggested that kyotorphin might protect the released Met-enkephalin against enzymatic degradation by DPP. Thus, kyotorphin may not only induce the release of Met-enkephalin but also stabilize the released neuropeptide.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1986

Inhibitory effects of Ge-132 (carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide) derivatives on enkephalin-degrading enzymes.

Twenty-eight species of carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide (Ge-132) derivatives were examined for their inhibitory effects on enkephalin-degrading enzymes that were purified from monkey brain, the longitudinal muscle layer of bovine small intestine, and human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A series of the sulfurized Ge-132 derivatives showed strong inhibition of these purified enzymes. The most effective ones were Ge-014 and Ge-107, which showed IC50 values of 60 and 100 micrograms/ml, respectively, for dipeptidylcarboxypeptidase from the longitudinal muscle layer. They also exhibited inhibitory activity against aminopeptidase from human CSF, the IC50 values being 450 and 440 micrograms/ml, respectively. Furthermore, these compounds showed inhibition of dipeptidylaminopeptidase from monkey brain and the longitudinal muscle layer of bovine small intestine. These compounds are expected to have analgesic effects due to their inhibition of the degradation of endogenous opioid peptides.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1986

[Augmentation by serrapeptase of tissue permeation by cefotiam].

Cefotiam (CTM) is a new cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Cephalosporins are widely used for prophylaxis of infections in patients undergoing thoracotomy. Augmentation by serrapeptase on tissue permeation of CTM was examined in 35 thoracotomy patients with lung cancer. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the method of the administration of CTM. Group I consisted of 17 subjects, each of whom received a single dose of 2 g of CTM alone by an instillation for 30 minutes. Group II consisted of 18 subjects, each of whom received a combination of CTM and serrapeptase; serrapeptase was given 2 tablets (10 mg) each time for three times/day until the day before surgery, and then CTM was administered by the same procedure. The following results were obtained: Individual difference was observed for the permeation of CTM into tissues. Pathologic differences also affected the permeation. Nevertheless, the CTM levels in pulmonary tissues reached about a half of those in the blood in both the single dose group and the combination group, hence sufficient concentrations exceeding MIC80 for main microorganisms that caused infections in the lung were obtained. The concentrations of CTM in inflammatory tissues have showed lower levels than those of normal tissues in both CTM single dose and the combination groups. Decrease of blood flow volume may have contributed to the reduction in levels of CTM in the inflammatory tissues. The ratio of the concentration of the drug in pulmonary tissues to that in the blood was 29.1 +/- 2.5% in the single dose group, and 44.2 +/- 6.0% in the combination group, the latter showing quite a significant increase (P less than 0.05). Combined administrations of CTM and serrapeptase deserves more trials in the case when surgical treatments of the lung are performed. An antiinflammatory effect of serrapeptase in the respiratory system is expected, and in addition, the combined use of CTM and serrapeptase should stimulate permeation of the antibiotic into tissues.

Adult↗