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Biomedical subjects

T Kasai

Publications and source records attributed to T Kasai.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Combined action of semisynthetic penicillin and macrolide antibiotic on Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro and in vivo.

For the purpose of studying therapy for pseudomonas infection, the synergistic effect of carbenicillin and midecamycin or 9,3''-di-O-acetyl midecamycin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied in vitro and in vivo. Midecamycin and 9,3''-di-O-acetyl midecamycin were effective against spheroplasts of P. aeruginosa induced by carbenicillin treatment. As a result of investigating treatment using a combination of both carbenicillin and macrolide antibiotics on mouse infection model caused by subcutaneous injection of carrageenan solution containing viable cells of P. aeruginosa, the combined treatment was demonstrated to be significantly more effective than the control's single treatment by carbenicillin or the macrolide antibiotic alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Macroscopic anatomy of the bronchial arteries.

Exact and detailed findings concerning a macroscopic anatomy of the bronchial arteries have not been presented. Moreover, positional relations of this artery to the adjacent organs had mostly been neglected, which offered an important key to identify the aberrant vessel in some cardiac malformations. The authors dissected the bronchial arteries from their origin to the pulmonary hilus in 40 Jpanese adult cadavers. Against the descriptions of textbooks of anatomy, 2 right and 2 left arteries in a body were most commonly observed. Therefore, 4 arteries could be distinguished, right superior, right inferior, left superior and left inferior, which passed along cranial and caudal borders of the corresponding bronchus respectively. Origins of these arteries were 1) right aortic intercostal artery, 2) right subclavian artery, 3) left subclavian artery, 4) aortic arch proximal to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve and 5) descending aorta distal to the above-mentioned nerve. As a rule, each of the 4 arteries above had a definite origin and course, as shown in Fig. 7. Postional relations of these arteries to the trachea, esophagus, thoracic duct, azygos vein and the left recurrent laryngeal nerve were also described.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Possible involvement of prostaglandins in the action of ATP on guinea-pig uterus.

ATP and other adenine derivatives, such as AMP and adenosine, at concentrations above 10(-6) M induced dose-dependent contractions of guinea-pig uterine strips. Treatment of the strips with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as indomethacin, aspirin and phenylbutazone, at concentrations of 10(-6) to 10(-4) M irreversibly inhibited the contractions, without affecting those caused by acetylcholine and bradykinin. Arachidonic acid (10(-8)-10(-6) g/ml) and prostaglandins (E1, E2 and F2 alpha, 10(-9)-10(-7) g/ml) restored the inhibited uterine response to ATP, but the inhibition was reinstated on washing out of the arachidonic acid or prostaglandins. Furthermore, the prostaglandin antagonists polyphloretin phosphate (3 x 10(-5)-3 x 10(-4) g/ml) and SC 19220 (10(-6)-3 X 10(-5) M) selectively suppressed the action of ATP. In addition to the prostaglandin antagonists, 2,2'-pyridylisatogen, reported to be an ATP antagonist, at concentrations of 10(-6) to 3 x 10(-5) M selectively inhibited the response of uterine strips to ATP. These results suggest the involvement of prostaglandins in the actions of ATP and other adenine derivatives on guinea-pig uterine tissue and provide further evidence for ATP-stimulated prostaglandin formation in smooth muscle.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1978

Eye-head coordination in labyrinthine-defective human beings.

(1) Eye-head coordination was studied in three human beings with absent labyrinthine function. Each subject adopted a unique pattern of adaptive responses to achieve optimal gaze stability. (2) One subject used saccades (even in darkness) to help stabilize gaze. In addition, during rotation of the body with the head stationary in darkness, he made slow and quick phases of nystagmus in the same direction. This subject apparently used quick phases to help stabilize gaze rather than to redirect the center of visual attention. (3) One subject, to help prevent gaze overshoot, showed a decrease in the saccadic amplitude-retinal error relationship selectively during active combined eye-head movements. (4) One subject showed a significant amount of preprogramming of compensatory slow phases independent of actual head motion. (5) In all subjects, the passively induced cervico-ocular reflex was moderately potentiated, accounting for about 25% of compensation for head motion during active target seeking. (6) In all subjects, 'effort of spatial localization', as shown by imagining targets in total darkness, increased the velocity of compensatory slow phases to near that of head movements during both active and passively induced head rotations. (7) In all subjects, gaze stability was enhanced during tracking of targets jumping in a predictable fashion. (8) The choice of strategies used by each subject may depend, in part, upon the latency of the cervico-ocular reflex during active head movements.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1977

Purification and some novel properties of Escherichia coli RNase II.

RNase II of Escherichia coli (EC 3.1.4.23) has been purified to apparent homogeneity. The K+-activated diesterase activity against poly(U), which defines RNase II, cochromatographs with activity against T4 mRNA or pulse-labeled E. coli RNA successively on DEAE-cellulose, hydroxyapatite or phosphocellulose, and Sephadex G-150 columns. Activities with both substrates are selectively reduced to less than 2% of the wild type level in a newly isolated mutant strain, S296, or after thermal inactivation in a mutant strain with temperature-sensitive RNase II. RNase II releases 5'-XMP without a lag as its only detectable alcohol-soluble produce from all substrates and has an apparent molecular weight of 80,000 to 90,000 in both nondissociating and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. The pure enzyme shows the standard K+ activation against poly(A), poly(U), or poly(C), but only a slight preference for K+ over Na+ ions with T4 mRNA or pulse labeled E. coli RNA as substrate. Uniformly labeled E. coli rRNA or tRNA is degraded little if at all.

Enzyme Activation↗
PubMed1977

Determination of free monosaccharides and detection of sugar alcohols in mature soybean seeds.

Although the oligosaccharide contents of soybeans are well documented, the exact values of monosaccharide contents have not been reported. Elaborate methods of preparative paper chromatography together with gas chromatography established the following data for one variety, Kyushu No. 12. The air-dried cotyledon part (admixed with hypocotyls) contained 0.030% glucose and 0.039% fructose. The hull part contained 0.018% galactose, 0.028% glucose, 0.023% fructose, 0.005% arabinose, and 0.002% xylose. Gas chromatograms of trimethylsilated monosaccharide fractions revealed the existence of minute amounts of sorbitol, arabitol, xylitol, and mannitol in decreasing order (about 0.03% to 0.001% of whole seeds).

Arabinose↗