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Biomedical subjects

T Kanoh

Publications and source records attributed to T Kanoh.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Selective deficiency in IL-2 production and refractoriness to extrinsic IL-2 in immunodeficiency with hyper-IgM.

Various lymphokines are inducible by the stimulation of T-cell mitogens, phytohemagglutinin, and concanavalin A. A 32-year-old female with an atypical type of immunodeficiency with hyper-IgM was evaluated for possible defects in the production of several immunoregulatory lymphokines. Although the mitogens appeared to bind effectively to the specific surface receptors of patient peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL), the proliferative responses were significantly decreased. The culture supernatant of patient PBL stimulated by the mitogens contained only a trace amount of interleukin 2 (IL-2) activity. Addition of recombinant IL-2 to the cultures concomitantly with the mitogens could not restore the decreased responses of patient PBL. Tac antigen expression of patient PBL induced by the mitogens was moderately impaired. These data suggest that there is a defect in both IL-2-producing and IL-2-responding cells. In contrast, the culture supernatant of mitogen-stimulated patient PBL contained B-cell growth and differentiation factors as well as interferon-gamma activities equal to those of the control. These results suggest that there are independent regulatory pathways for the production of IL-2 and other T-cell-derived lymphokines.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Nonsecretory IgD (kappa) multiple myeloma. Report of a case and review of the literature.

The authors have reviewed five cases of the nonsecretory IgD multiple myeloma (MM), including a newly observed case investigated in the authors' laboratory. The salient features of these five cases were summarized to allow a better understanding of this entity. The following clinical points should be noted: (1) All nonsecretory IgD MMs reported had kappa light chains, which are rarely seen in usual IgD MM. (2) All the cases were found in women. (3) The presence of monoclonal B-lymphocytes bearing surface IgD (kappa) in the peripheral blood was demonstrated in three of four patients whose B-cell subpopulation was mentioned. (4) Generally speaking, nonsecretory IgD (kappa) MM showed the combined features of usual IgD MM and nonsecretory MM. It seems likely that IgD (kappa), nonsecretory MM is more than might be expected to occur by chance. The pathogenesis of this entity is discussed in this report.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Osteolytic gamma heavy chain disease.

We report a case of gamma heavy chain disease (GHCD) with several unique features: extensive osteolytic lesions simulating advanced multiple myeloma (MM), skin involvement, under the age of 40 yr, and the appearance of a series of pathological cells with indented or lobulated nuclei. The most remarkable feature is a previously unreported extensive bone destruction. Except for the presence of this bone disease, the clinical and pathological features of the patient resembled those of GHCD rather than those of MM. We have reviewed 3 previously reported cases of GHCD associated with skeletal involvement and compared these with our case.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Nucleolus-associated J chains in myeloma cells: clinical significance.

Bone marrow aspirates from 20 patients with multiple myeloma (MM), 4 with smoldering multiple myeloma (S-MM), 1 with idiopathic Bence Jones proteinuria (I-BJP), and 6 with primary macroglobulinemia (PMG) were examined for nucleolus-associated J chain. The incidence of nucleolar J chain-positive (J+) cells among nucleolated cells producing M-component was measured. This incidence (94.0-100%) in terminal MM was significantly higher than that (0-58.0%) in non-terminal MM. Judging from a low incidence in the remission phase, chemotherapy might cause a selective elimination of less differentiated myeloma cells with J+ nucleoli and might have some effect on J chain synthesis. The incidence of nucleolar J+ cells was very low in S-MM. The IgM cells in PMG, where J chain is present in a disulfide-linked form, had no or few J+ nucleoli. No correlation between the incidence of nucleolar J+ cells among nucleolated plasma cells and the percentage of nucleolated cells or that of J+ cells was found. Large J+ nucleoli seemed to be another morphological feature indicating anaplastic myeloma cells. A high incidence of nucleolar J+ cells may be one of the indicators for progressive disease.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1987

Combined method of PAP immunocytochemistry and autoradiography: application to cell kinetic study in plasma cell dyscrasias.

The plasma cell labeling index (LI), in spite of being a reliable indicator for diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma, has been measured in a limited number of laboratories because of technical difficulties. We have developed a new combined technique, using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method and autoradiography, which has several advantages over previously described methods. The primary advantages of our method in the determination of lymphoid-plasma cell LI% are: (a) no damage to slides during storage of more than 1 year; (b) an exact LI measurement in each morphological variety of pleomorphic immunoglobulin-containing cells; (c) no problem in differentiation of lymphoid plasma cells from early red cell precursors; and (d) a separate LI measurement for those lymphoid-plasma cells composed chiefly, if not exclusively, of monoclonal or neoplastic cells. Because of these advantages, this accurate and less difficult technique will facilitate performance of lymphoid plasma cell LI in a number of laboratories.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1987

The outcome of idiopathic Bence Jones proteinuria.

The authors studied two patients with idiopathic Bence Jones proteinuria (BJP) that fulfill all the criteria proposed by Kyle and Greipp. None had evidence of overt multiple myeloma, of its variants, of primary systemic amyloidosis, or of other lymphoid tumors. In a patient with kappa type idiopathic BJP an elevation of a labelling index was found when an evolving myeloma developed 2 years later. The other had benign lambda type BJP until he died of bronchogenic carcinoma after 14 years. In most of patients with idiopathic BJP overt multiple myeloma or systemic amyloidosis have developed after a long period. An elevation of labelling index in the course of illness is expected to be a premonitory sign for malignant transformation. Idiopathic BJP may be characterized by less nephrotoxicity or amyloidogenicity of Bence Jones protein synthesized as well as a slow growth rate of tumor cells.

Bence Jones Protein↗
PubMed1987

[IgD-kappa myeloma with unusual manifestations: an exceptional form].

The diagnosis of IgD (kappa) multiple myeloma was made in a 59-year-old woman. The disease was characterized by paraproteinemia of IgD (kappa) type, the occurrence of plasma cell leukemia, a polymorphous neoplastic proliferation with lymphoplasmacytoid cells, no Bence Jones proteinuria and a hemorrhagic pleural effusion. Judging from the related literature, it seems likely that the following findings have a great tendency to occur in various combinations: IgD (kappa) paraproteinemia, no evidence of Bence Jones proteinuria, polymorphous features of myeloma cells and extramedullary spread.

Bence Jones Protein↗
PubMed1987

An unsuccessful attempt to isolate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases.

Isolation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was performed in 5 seronegative patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (IDDs) who had no or little ability to produce antibodies and received a large amount of intravenous gammaglobulin (IVG) for a long period. In this study cultured cells were considered to be infected if the following 2 criteria were met: (1) They produced reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in the supernatant fluid and (2) expressed viral antigens. Under experimental conditions, virus was demonstrated by both RT activity and viral antigen expression detectable by immunofluorescence technique in lymphocyte cultures from 2 seropositive patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related complex who were examined as controls. There was no evidence of HIV infection in cultures of lymphocytes from all of the 5 patients with primary IDDs and from 2 healthy subjects. The above patients did not show the extremely low numbers of target T4+ cells, which make isolation of the virus in lymphocytes difficult. The present results suggest that current methods of IVG preparation either remove or inactivate HIV.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Phagocytic myeloma cells in asymptomatic multiple myeloma.

A newly observed case of asymptomatic multiple myeloma in which phagocytic myeloma cells were observed is described. Bone marrow aspirates contained 16% myeloma cells, 2% of which engulfed red blood cells, lymphocytes, and platelets. The possibility is discussed that phagocytizing ability may be one of the markers for malignant plasma cells. Nothing is so far known of the phagocytosis by plasma cells in benign monoclonal gammopathy which is strictly defined.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Localized form of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia: long-term follow-up study.

A 70-year-old woman with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WMG) limited to mediastinal lymph nodes is described. The long-term course of 9 years was uneventful with the combination chemotherapy including cyclophosphamide, vincristine, 6-mercaptopurine and prednisolone. In WMG pleuropulmonary involvement is generally seen as a part of multisystemic disease. However, the cases showing pleuropulmonary manifestations as the sole initial clinical symptom have been rarely reported. In the present case WMG has been localized in the mediastinal lymph nodes during the period of 9 years. This appears the first case of a localized form of WMG which involved lymph nodes in the mediastinum without lung lesion.

Biopsy↗