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Biomedical subjects

T Kanoh

Publications and source records attributed to T Kanoh.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Technetium-99m (V) DMSA uptake in amyloidosis.

Technetium-99m(V) DMSA scintigraphy was performed in two patients with pathologically confirmed amyloidosis associated with plasmacytoma. Significant uptake of the tracer was found in the deposition of amyloid. Technetium-99m(V) DMSA scintigraphy could be useful in determining the appropriate region of biopsy and in forecasting the prognosis of patient with plasmacytoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Multiple myeloma].

Progress in the treatment of multiple myeloma can be considered from several points of view: (1) advent of new therapeutic agents and regimens; (2) the differentiation from variant forms; and (3) the prevention or early treatment of myeloma-associated complications. The author have discussed the following problems connected with the treatment of myeloma patients st 4 to 1988, including (1) ten-year survival in multiple myeloma; (2) complete remission in multiple myeloma; (3) complete remission in primary plasma cell leukemia; (4) systemic amyloidosis in multiple myeloma as the presenting symptom; (5) treatments for patients resistant to standard therapies; (6) treatments and courses of patients with IgD myeloma; (7) multiple myeloma in the aged; (8) treatments for patients with primary extramedullary plasmacytoma; (9) long-term observation of a patient with smoldering multiple myeloma; (10) the outcome of idiopathic Bence Jones proteinuria and (11) supportive therapies for multiple myeloma. Since the introduction of melphalan and cyclophosphamide more than two decades ago, progress in the treatment of multiple myeloma has been slow. To overstep the limits in the current chemotherapy, therapeutic strategies for individual cases should be exploited by understanding their biological properties.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Soluble interleukin-2 receptors in plasma cell dyscrasias.

Levels of the soluble form of the interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) were evaluated in the peripheral blood of 69 patients with plasma cell dyscrasias. A close relationship was seen between serum sIL-2R levels and clinical features. Among patients with normal BUN and creatinine levels, the mean (+/- 1SD) level of sIL-2R in 44 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) was higher than that of normal controls (457 +/- 227 U/ml vs 288 +/- 124 U/ml, P = 0.01). The mean level of sIL-2R in eight patients with primary macroglobulinemia was 722 +/- 251 U/ml. In MM, those with active or refractory disease showed a significantly higher mean level of sIL-2R than those in the remission phase (577 +/- 240 U/ml vs 335 +/- 103 U/ml, P = 0.01). There was a negative correlation between sIL-2R and hemoglobin levels in MM patients (r = -0.45, P = 0.01). Five patients with complications of renal insufficiency had elevated levels of sIL-2R. In a longitudinal study of a patient with plasmacytoma and an extremely high sIL2-R level, the sIL-2R level showed a strong relationship with tumor burden. Patients with high sIL-2R levels generally had a poor prognosis than those with normal levels. Thus a high sIL-2R level may be an indicator of a poor prognosis in MM.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[An autopsy case of primary cutaneous plasmacytoma].

An autopsy case of primary cutaneous plasmacytoma with very unusual extensive skin involvement resulting in death 9 months later, was reported. A 75-year-old female was admitted to our hospital in November, 1985 because of an enlarging skin nodule on the right neck of 5 month's duration. The nodule was a 5 x 7 x 4-cm, firm and mobile mass. Light- and electron-microscopic studies of its biopsy specimen revealed a cutaneous plasmacytoma which was composed of dense aggregates of plasma cells. Cytogenic study on the biopsy specimen revealed hypotetraploid and structural abnormalities such as 7q+, 11q+ and 20q+. After radiotherapy, the right neck nodule became smaller, but subcutaneous indurations with erosions extended to the surrounding skin. The biopsy specimen of these skin lesions microscopically revealed massive infiltrations of plasma cells in the dermis. The PAP method revealed a definite evidence of monoclonal kappa light chain production by these cells. 3H-thymidine were incorporated in 5.6% of the plasma cells. The skin lesions were refractory to chemotherapy and gradually extended. The clinical course showed a progressive one leading to persistent deterioration and she died in August, 1986. Repeated examinations including immunoelectrophoresis of serum and concentrated urine, bone marrow aspirations and skeletal x-ray films, excluded the diagnosis of myeloma. At autopsy, massive infiltrations of plasma cells in the skin of chest wall and neck, small metastatic tumors in the liver and bilateral axillary lymph nodes were found, but there was no evidence of bone marrow involvement.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Multiple myeloma in husband and wife.

A married couple with multiple myeloma (MM) is reported. Although we could not find any definite pathogenetic factors of MM in the spouses examined, the salient features of the 10 couples with MM reviewed, including ours, were summarized to obtain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of MM. The appearance of MM in spouses suggests that environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of MM.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Amyloid goiter with hypothyroidism.

Whereas the microscopic infiltration of the thyroid by amyloid is a common phenomenon, significant enlargement of the gland due to the deposition of amyloid is infrequent. Amyloid goiter usually occurs as one of the unusual manifestations of systemic amyloidosis. The rapid growth associated with local pressure symptoms often suggests malignancy. In spite of the extensive infiltration of the gland by amyloid, thyroid function usually remains euthyroid. We have recently observed an unusual case of multicentric giant lymph node hyperplasia in a patient who developed amyloid goiter with hypothyroidism. The amyloid material was of AA type.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of isolated tricuspid regurgitation associated with protein-losing gastroenteropathy].

A 43 year old woman was admitted to our hospital in April 1987 due to shortness of breath and pedal edema. She had a history of sepsis associated with the crisis of hyperthyroidism 15 years prior to the admission. Physical examination revealed a badly nourished with ascites: weight was 56 kg and height 156 cm. The heart sounds were distant with mild holosystoric murmur (grade I/VI) at xiphoisternum. The chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly (CTR: 72.3%) with pleural effusion. The electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation, low voltage and right ventriculer hypertrophy. The echocardiogram showed marked dilatation of right atrium and ventricle with very short septal leaflet of tricuspid valve. The anterior and posterior leaflets were undetected. The tricuspid regurgitant doppler signal was recorded up to hepatic vein. No other abnormalities were noted in other valves. The white cell count was 4900 with lymphocytopenia (26%; T-cell 82%, B-cell 13%). Serum total protein was reduced to 3.4 g/dl with albumin 1.64 g/dl. Immunoelectrophoresis showed normal IgG, IgA and IgM. Proteinuria was not recognized. Fecal excretion of polyvinylpyrrolidone-131I (PVP) was elevated to 2.8%, The systolic pressure in pulmonary artery, right ventricle, right atrium, superior and inferior vena cave were almost equal as 26 mmHg. The pulmonary arterial scintigraphy disclosed multiple peripheral defects in both lungs. Two weeks after the operation of tricuspid valve replacement based on the diagnosis of protein-losing enteropathy due to isolated tricuspid regurgitation, serum total protein and albumin were normalized to 6.8 g/dl and 3.6 g/dl respectively, but the lymphocytopenia was persistent. She become very well, with free of ascites and edema.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Fulminant clonal expansion of large granular lymphocytes. Characterization of their morphology, phenotype, genotype, and function.

A 39-year-old woman exhibited abrupt malignant transformation of the large granular lymphocytes (LGL) after a chronic course of T gamma-lymphoproliferative disease (T gamma-LPD). The T gamma-lymphocytes were CD2+, CD3-, CD8-, CD16+, Leu7-, and Leu19+ with morphologic characteristics of LGL. Newly appearing LGL were much larger and had more prominent azurophilic granules. Although fundamentally they had the same phenotype as the LGL in chronic stage, they showed increased Ia-like antigen and decreased CD16 antigen expressions. Immunoglobulin (Ig) G-kappa type monoclonal component was detected in the patient's serum. The LGL showed a germ-line configuration for T-cell receptor (TCR) beta and gamma chain genes, whereas the clonal chromosomal abnormalities indicated the neoplastic nature of the LGL. The LGL exhibited competent natural killer (NK), interleukin 2 (IL2) activated killer (AK), and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activities. The LGL may have derived from NK cells at their mature stage with prethymic phenotype and may have influenced the homeostasis of the patient's humoral immune response.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Methyltransferase and phospholipase A2 activity in the cell membrane of neutrophils and lymphocytes from patients with Behçet's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Phospholipid methylation and phospholipase A2 activation in the membrane of neutrophils and lymphocytes, which participate in the induction of cell activation, were assessed in patients with Behçet's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). [3H-methyl] incorporation and phospholipase A2 activity of neutrophils from active cases of Behçet's disease and RA were significantly increased compared with normal controls. In lymphocytes from the patients with active Behçet's disease and RA, a significant increase in methyltransferase activity and a marked enhancement of phospholipase activity were found. A modest increase in these two membrane phospholipid enzyme activities was observed in lymphocytes of patients with active SLE. In addition, these enzyme activities were significantly enhanced in normal leukocytes preincubated with serum from patients with active SLE and malignant RA. The potentiated functions of neutrophils and lymphocyte abnormalities in the patients tested thus seem to be at least partly due to an increase in these enzymatic activities in the cell membrane.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Biochemical analysis of inhibitory effects of a lymphokine suppressive B-cell factor on the activation process of resting B cells.

Suppressive B-cell factor (SBF) is elaborated by FcR gamma (Fc receptor for IgG)-bearing small, resting B cells after the stimulation of immune complexes and is known to inhibit humoral immune responses by acting on resting B cells. In order to elucidate where and how SBF interferes with B-cell activation in the course of transmembrane signaling, we examined the effect of SBF on the several sequential events which B cells undergo after crosslinking surface immunoglobulin (sIg). Hyper-Ia expression, plasma membrane depolarization, and activation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) hydrolysis of resting B cells, all of which were induced by the stimulation with anti-mu antibody, were significantly suppressed by the pretreatment of cells with SBF. However, SBF had no effect on the intracytoplasmic cyclic AMP level of either activated or resting B cells. Another inhibitory effect of SBF on the activation process of resting B cells by anti-mu antibody was to suppress the transient elevation of intracytoplasmic free Ca2+ only in the initial phase after triggering with anti-mu antibody. This seems to be due to a decrease in the release of inositol triphosphate into the cytoplasm by suppressing the activation of PI hydrolysis. Considering all the data, the suppressive effect of SBF on the transmembrane signaling by sIg crosslinking is ascribed to the selective suppression of the activation of PI hydrolysis. This provides a concept on a molecular basis that feedback regulation of humoral immune response is, at least partly, regulated by SBF.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The effect of aging on cutaneous lipid peroxide levels and superoxide dismutase activity in guinea pigs and patients with burns.

Cutaneous lipid peroxide levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in non-aged and aged guinea pigs were measured between 15 min and 7 days after experimental infliction of burns. Skin burns on non-aged and aged patients were also subjected to these assays. In non-aged guinea pig skin burns, lipid peroxide levels increased from 24 hr to the fourth day after the burn infliction, while SOD activity did not increase but showed a slight decrease 12 hr and 24 hr post-burn. On the other hand, while the aged group showed a more increase in skin lipid peroxide levels compared to that seen in non-aged mice, skin SOD activity began to decrease from 30 min post-burn, the maximum decrease being reached on the second day. The activity did not return to normal by the 7th day. In non-aged patients skin burns showed increases in both lipid peroxide levels and SOD activity, while in aged patients, though they showed a marked increase in lipid peroxide levels, SOD activity remained unchanged. The present study indicated that, although in our recent study, skin SOD activity of healthy elderly people was found to be comparable to that in non-aged individuals, the capacity for induction of SOD activity under oxygen stress differed with age in both guinea pig and human burn sufferers. Furthermore, this induction capacity seemed to vary from species to species.

Adult↗