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Biomedical subjects

T Kanno

Publications and source records attributed to T Kanno.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Clinical usefulness of serum tripeptide aminopeptidase activity in diagnosing liver diseases.

We examined the clinical usefulness of serum tripeptide aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.4) activity in diagnosing liver diseases. We found that increased tripeptide aminopeptidase activity accompanied an elevation in alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT) in the sera of patients with non-cancerous liver diseases and that these enzyme activities were correlated (r = 0.826-0.972). In contrast, an increase in tripeptide aminopeptidase activity did not coincide with an elevation in ALT activity in the sera of patients with cancerous liver diseases. We also observed a correlation in acute hepatitis and in patients following transcatheter arterial embolization of hepatoma throughout their subsequent clinical courses. The difference in serum enzyme activities for cancerous and non-cancerous liver diseases seems to result from changes in enzyme activities in cancerous liver tissues. We found that the ratio of tripeptide aminopeptidase to ALT activity in hepatoma tissues (1.9) was 4 times higher than that in normal liver tissues (0.5).

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1987

Neurostimulation for patients in vegetative status.

Dorsal column stimulation has been used in four patients who were in a persistent vegetative state. There was improvement of the EEG in four patients and clinical improvement in three patients. Stimulation was for 12 hours per day at 100 Hz, 5 to 8 volts, and with a pulse width of 0.12 msec. The mechanism of improvement may involve changes in cerebral blood flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A personal point of view to EC-IC bypass surgery in completed stroke after the co-operative study].

The role of EC-IC bypass surgery has become a very controversial issue recently. EC-IC anastomosis was performed in 132 patients of stroke in our institute. Thirty six of them which could be followed up completely had a completed stroke and ten of these showed a significant clinical improvement by the next day of surgery. We studied the angiograms, CT scans and dynamic CT studies of all 36 patients to determine the common factors responsible for a significant clinical improvement in these ten patients. It was found that patients with occlusion of middle cerebral arteries and with good collateral circulation fared better than those with other lesions and good cross circulation. Site of low density on CT revealed patient with watershed low density did well. Characteristic of low density area was found to be a significant factors. If the low density area was homogeneous and well defined in an arterial territory, it was invariably associated with no improvement after surgery. Patients showing an improvement had scattered or irregular low density areas. Dynamic CT studies were not found to be significant.

Brain↗
PubMed1987

Increased lactate dehydrogenase in serum in measles infection.

We determined lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.27) in serum from 75 sequential measles patients and 105 control patients. In the measles patients, LD was increased to 1147.9 +/- 43.8 (mean +/- SE) U/L, markedly more than in the control group (517.2 +/- 15.0 U/L, p less than 0.001). Both LD-3 and LD-4 isoenzymes were increased, but the concentration of LD-5 was normal. Patients with high LD values (greater than 1500 U/L) had longer hospital stays than did those with lower values (p less than 0.01). Our results suggest that increased LD in serum is a common finding in measles infection and presumably originates from lymphocytes.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1987

[Absorption of 5-FU orally administered in a patient with postoperative gastric cancer under artificial dialysis].

A patient under artificial dialysis due to chronic renal failure suffered from gastric cancer concurrently. This patient underwent subtotal gastrectomy followed by consecutive oral administration of 5-FU (tablets) as a postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The 5-FU level in the peripheral blood on oral administration at 50 mg remained at 0.007-0.01 microgram/ml over 2 hours. This feature of 5-FU blood level is not seen in gastric cancer patients with normal renal functions on administration of 5-FU tablets, and it seems to approximate the features of a 5-FU prodrug level in the blood upon oral administration. Neither the influence of dialysis on the absorption of orally administered 5-FU nor side effects caused by 5-FU were observed. The above findings suggest that it may be possible to maintain a certain blood level of 5-FU and to perform adjuvant chemotherapy even in cancer patients under artificial dialysis, as long as the dose is controlled carefully.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Immunoaffinity purification and characterization of leucine aminopeptidase from human liver.

Leucine aminopeptidase was purified from human liver cytosol to homogeneity, 1538-fold, with a yield of 84.4% by immunoaffinity chromatography. Increases in the activity and the stability of the enzyme were simultaneously observed during the purification procedure, suggesting the presence of some endogenous inhibitor in cytosol. The specific activity and Km value of the enzyme for L-leucine amide were found to be 58.00 mumol/min/mg of protein and 4.02 mM, respectively, at pH 8.0. The molecular weight of the enzyme was determined to be 360,000 by both polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of native and dimethyl suberimidate cross-linked enzyme indicate that the native enzyme has two subunits of Mr 53,000 (a) and 65,000 (b) and is a hexamer arranged as a trimer of dimers (3 X (a X b)). The optimum pH was 10.5, and the enzyme was stable in the pH range from 7.5-8.5. The enzyme was activated by divalent metal ions, especially by Mg2+ and Mn2+, with no change in Km value. The enzyme was inhibited by metal-chelating agents, indicating it to be a metalloenzyme. Amastatin and bestatin strongly inhibited the enzyme, but leupeptin did not. The enzyme had a broad substrate specificity toward oligopeptides and amino acid amides but had little or no activity toward chromogenic substrates. The enzyme also could hydrolyze natural substrates contained in liver cytosol and accordingly produce many kinds of amino acids commonly found in proteins.

Cations, Divalent↗
PubMed1986

A case of rheumatoid arthritis with various enzyme-immunoglobulin complexes.

Several complexes of enzymes and immunoglobulins were detected at the same time in the serum of a patient with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. The enzymes which were found to complex with immunoglobulins were lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase (liver, bone, placental, and intestinal isoenzymes), amylase, cytosol leucine aminopeptidase, and microsomal leucine aminopeptidase. Reconstitution studies after papain or pepsin digestion showed that the association site of the enzymes was in the Fab portion of the immunoglobulin component. We found these complexes to be the result of an antibody-antigen reaction. The binding capacity of each enzyme was variable over the entire time course. The patient's immunoglobulins, complexed with lactate dehydrogenase or amylase, could not be reconstituted using alkaline phosphatase, cytosol leucine aminopeptidase, or microsomal leucine aminopeptidase in vitro. Therefore, this suggests that the immunoglobulins which bind to each enzyme are independent of each other.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide nullifies cytochrome reduction response to afferent activation of the perfused bullfrog brain.

Redox states of cytochromes a(a3), b and c+c1 were continuously measured on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere of the perfused bullfrog brain with the aid of a scanning organ spectrophotometer. To correlate with changes of the redox state, electrical activity of the brain was simultaneously recorded in the vicinity of the tip of the light guide of the spectrophotometer. Electrical stimulation of the third dorsal root of the spinal cord induced parallel reduction of the cytochromes and burst activity in the brain. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP; 30 pmol/100 g body weight) nullified the cytochrome reduction induced by the electrical stimulation of the dorsal root, but did not attenuate the burst activity. The i.c.v. infusion of VIP (30 pmol/100 g b.wt.) per se had little if any influence upon both redox state and burst activity. The infusion of 1 nM VIP into the internal carotid arteries also nullified the cytochrome reduction response to the afferent electrical activation. The present results provide evidence that one of the physiological roles of the VIPergic neurons in the brain may be to balance the redox states of electron transfer systems in neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Detection of lactate dehydrogenase B4 in human hemolysate of patients deficient in lactate dehydrogenase B subunit activity using enzyme immunoassay.

We developed a sensitive enzyme immunoassay system specific for human lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-B4 with antiacetylated LDH-B4 Fab'-horseradish peroxidase conjugate. The enzyme immunoassay system was not interfered with by up to 0.3 mg/tube of hemoglobin. Thus, we measured LDH-B4 concentrations in the hemolysate of seven heterozygous individuals deficient in LDH-B subunit activity and eight normal individuals. We could not find a significant difference between the LDH-B4 concentrations in heterozygous and those in normal individuals. These results demonstrate that heterozygous individuals deficient in LDH-B subunit activity produce enzymatically inactive B subunits.

Aspartate Aminotransferases↗
PubMed1986

Calcium-chlorotetracycline fluorescence and pancreatic exocrine secretion in the rat.

The fluorescence and secretory response of calcium-chlorotetracycline were simultaneously and continuously measured in isolated perfused rat pancreata. Continuous vascular perfusion with 10 microM chlorotetracycline increased the fluorescence intensity exponentially. Continuous stimulation with higher nonphysiological doses of CCK (20 mU/ml) or ACh (10(-6) M) induced a gradual decrease in the Ca-cholorotetracycline fluorescence which increased to control after cessation of the stimulation, and secretory response, consisting of an initial rapid ascent followed by a decline. On the other hand, continuous stimulation with a lower concentration of CCK (5 mU/ml) or ACh (5 X 10(-8) M), which seems to be rather physiological, did not change the time course of the Ca-chlorotetracycline fluorescence increase, but it evoked a definite secretory response, consisting of an initial rapid ascent to a maximum followed by a descent to a sustained plateau. In a Ca2+-deficient environment, stimulation with 5 mU CCK/ml evoked only a small secretory response and a gradual insignificant decrease in the Ca-chlorotetracycline fluorescence. The present results may support the view that continuous stimulation with secretagogues at physiological concentrations does not cause dissociation of stored Ca2+ from intracellular sites but does initiate secretion probably via the rise in [Ca2+]i induced by the influx of extracellular Ca2+.

Acetylcholine↗