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Biomedical subjects

T Kamano

Publications and source records attributed to T Kamano.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Clinical study of the NCC-ST-439 EIA kit using serum from patients with various types of cancer and benign disease (2)].

The positive rates for NCC-ST-439 in cases where other tumor markers were negative were 16.8% for CA19-9-negative cancer cases and 23.5% for CEA-negative cancer cases. The positive rates obtained using a combination of these three markers were 86% for pancreatic and cholangiocarcinomas, and at least 65% for hepatocellular, rectal and colonic and mammary carcinomas. The following combinations of tumor markers were the best from the standpoint of diagnostic efficiency: NCC-ST-439 + CA19-9 for pancreatic carcinoma, NCC-ST-439 + AFP for hepatocellular carcinoma, and NCC-ST-439 + CEA for rectal and colonic carcinoma. In cases which were positive preoperatively, 83.3% became negative after curative surgery, which reflected the clinical course very well. These results indicate that NCC-ST-439 improves the diagnostic rate in combination with other tumor markers because of its high specificity, and it was evaluated as useful for the monitoring of therapeutic effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical results of treatment with the UFT fine granule preparation under cooperative study. Tokyo Cancer Chemotherapy Cooperative Study Group].

We have carried out Phase II study by single oral administration of UFT fine granule preparation consisting of 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil(FT-207) and uracil in the molar ratio of 1 : 4. There were 40 evaluable cases out of 54 registered cases, and PR rate was 10.0%. We have observed 2 PR cases out of 14 evaluable cases with stomach cancer, and the response rate was 14.3%. There were PR cases in hepatoma and breast cancer also. Myelosuppression appeared in 10.6% and subjective and objective side effects in 27.1%, in which major symptoms were gastrointestinal disorder similar to those observed in the study of UFT Capsule preparation. We did not observe hepatic and renal malfunctions.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

[Absorption of 5-FU orally administered in a patient with postoperative gastric cancer under artificial dialysis].

A patient under artificial dialysis due to chronic renal failure suffered from gastric cancer concurrently. This patient underwent subtotal gastrectomy followed by consecutive oral administration of 5-FU (tablets) as a postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The 5-FU level in the peripheral blood on oral administration at 50 mg remained at 0.007-0.01 microgram/ml over 2 hours. This feature of 5-FU blood level is not seen in gastric cancer patients with normal renal functions on administration of 5-FU tablets, and it seems to approximate the features of a 5-FU prodrug level in the blood upon oral administration. Neither the influence of dialysis on the absorption of orally administered 5-FU nor side effects caused by 5-FU were observed. The above findings suggest that it may be possible to maintain a certain blood level of 5-FU and to perform adjuvant chemotherapy even in cancer patients under artificial dialysis, as long as the dose is controlled carefully.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

[Comparative clinical study of MF(mitomycin and 5-fluorouracil) and MF.BH-AC therapy].

Sunrabim for injection (BH-AC), one of the antitumor agents available for acute leukemia, has considerable activity against a variety of transplanted solid tumors in rats and mice. A comparative clinical study was performed by randomized controlled trial on two different combined chemotherapies of MMC, 5-FU (MF group), and MMC, 5-FU, BH-AC (MF . BH-AC group) for 64 patients with a variety of solid cancers. Among 64 patients, 47 were evaluable for response (MF group: 23/32, MF . BH-AC group: 24/32). The partial response rate of the MF group was 4.3% (1/23), and that of the MF . BH-AC group was 33.3% (8/24). MF . BH-AC therapy was found to be more effective than MF therapy. The toxicity rates of the two therapies were similar (MF group: 46.7%, MF . BH-AC group: 50.0%). This study suggests that combined chemotherapy of MF plus BH-AC is more effective on a variety of solid cancers in comparison to MF therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Combined effects of cholecystectomy and lithocholic acid on pancreatic carcinogenesis of N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine in Syrian golden hamsters.

The effects of cholecystectomy and/or lithocholic acid (LCA) on the composition of biliary bile acid and on pancreatic carcinogenesis by N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP) were examined in male Syrian golden hamsters. Cholecystectomy was performed 1 wk before BHP initiation. BHP (250 mg/kg of body weight) was injected s.c. once a wk for 5 wk. A diet containing 0.5% LCA was begun 1 wk after the final BHP injection. All hamsters were sacrificed 36 wk after cholecystectomy, and the pancreas was examined histologically. Only the LCA treatment but no other treatment influenced the bile acid composition, i.e., the increase in LCA and decrease in cholic acid. The incidence of pancreatic carcinoma was 23 of 30 (76.7%) in hamsters receiving cholecystectomy plus BHP followed by LCA diet. The tumor incidence was five of 18 (27.8%) with BHP followed by basal diet, ten of 18 (55.6%) with cholecystectomy plus BHP followed by basal diet, and six of 18 (33.3%) with BHP followed by LCA diet, respectively. The total number of pancreatic carcinomas in hamsters receiving cholecystectomy and BHP followed by LCA diet also increased significantly. These results indicate that combined treatments of cholecystectomy and dietary LCA enhanced BHP-inducing pancreatic carcinogenesis in hamsters.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Pathophysiology of hemorrhagic shock. A model for studying the effects of acute blood loss in the rat.

A model of acute blood loss in rats with a reproducible mortality rate over a wide range of body weights was developed by withdrawing various amounts of fixed blood volume per 100 g body weight via the left common carotid artery and observing the survival of the animals. Younger (lighter) animals survived the bleeding longer than older (heavier) animals. As early as 70 min following the shock episode there was evidence of acute tubular necrosis in kidney proximal tubules and focal centrilobular necrosis in the liver. The 84%, 50%, or 16% body weight - mortality line was: V84 = -0.17 BW + 3.25; V50 = -0.18 BW + 3.16; or V16 = -0.18 BW + 3.01 in animals ranging from 250 to 400 g body weight (where V = bleeding volume ml/100 g body weight, BW = body weight in grams X 10(-2). To produce the same mortality rate, the bleeding volume per unit body weight decreased with increased body weight. On the other hand, the bleeding volume per total blood volume or per unit body surface area increased with increased body weight. The body weight-mortality line is a useful method to calculate the bleeding volume to produce predetermined mortality rate. This method can be easily applied to various pathophysiological and metabolic studies on the nature of acute blood loss as well as in the treatment of acute blood loss.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical trials of plasma exchange therapy in patients with recurrent colon cancer].

Plasma exchange was performed in patients with recurrent colon cancer with evaluable liver metastasis or abdominal tumor with dissemination. This therapy was undertaken a total of 19 times in 11 cases. The cases were divided into effective and ineffective cases according in terms of the clinical effects, and changes in blood parameters and prognosis were examined in each case. Subjective symptoms, such as increase in appetite and disappearance of general fatigue or pain, were remarkably improved in 6 cases, and these patients were allowed to be discharged from the hospital. Marked regression of hepatomegalia was observed in 2 cases out of these 6 cases, but no remarkable effect was noted in patients with abdominal dissemination. In the effective cases the following parameters were significantly improved; beta- and gamma-globulin of serum protein fractions, IgG, IgA and IgM of immunoglobulin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin, and transferrin. However, since these effects are temporal and short-lived, one must consider applying plasma exchange therapy in conjunction with anticancer drugs, and the like. Plasma exchange seems applicable to cases of colon cancer with metastasis in the liver, because this therapy showed improvement in clinical symptoms, decreased hepatomegaly and prolonged survival.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Histopathological study on N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced colon cancer in dogs.

We prepared a suppository containing 50 mg of N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG), and successfully produced experimental colon cancer with good reproducibility by continuous intrarectal insertion of one or two suppositories per day in dogs. The tumors were very similar to human colon cancers, macroscopically and histologically. In one of three dogs subjected to histopathological study, metastases to the lymph nodes, lung, liver and kidney were observed. This animal model produced by a simple procedure will be helpful in investigating treatment of rectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental study on abdominal arterial infusion of anti-cancer agents].

The distribution of Adriamycin (ADM), Mitomycin C (MMC) and 7-N-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-Mitomycin C (KW 2083) in various organs inclusiding plasma level after intraarterial or intravenous infusion was determined in mongrel dogs and experimental dogs. Similar plasma time-course of ADM was obtained with both routes, showing the maximum level at 5 minutes after infusion. The maximum level with intravenous infusion was twice as highs as that with intraarterial administration. High levels of ADM were encountered in the liver, gallbladder and kidney after proper hepatic arterial infusion, in the angular region of the stomach after left gastric arterial infusion and in the gastric antrum after right gastroepiploic arterial infusion (0.8 mg/kg). There was no significant difference in plasma levels of MMC (0.2 mg/kg) and KW 2083 (1.0 mg/kg) between intraarterial and intravenous infusion. It was of interest that MMC was hardly measurable in the liver after proper hepatic arterial infusion of 0.4 mg/kg. On the other hand, rather high level of KW 2083 was observed in the liver, gallbladder and pancreas after proper hepatic arterial infusion of 1.0 mg/kg. Hepatic necrosis around the central hepatic vein noted at the histological examination seems to be due to infusion of above-mentioned anticancer agents. It is worth mentioning that the concentration of KW 2083 in tumor tissue of the stomach of experimental dog after right gastroepiploic arterial infusion was twice as high as that in intact gastric wall. Grade IIA histological alterations of tumor cells by Oboshi and Shimosato's Classification such as vacuolation of cytoplasm and pyknosis of nuclei were noted after KW 2083 infusion.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

Choriocarcinomatous change with immunocytochemically HCG-positive cells in the gastric carcinoma of the males.

Gastric choriocarcinoma is a rare tumor and attracts interest because of its controversial pathogenesis. The present study reports a choriocarcinomatous change with immunocytochemically hCG-positive cells in the gastric carcinoma. The patients were males, one was 41 years old and the other 42 years old. The tumor of both cases consists of adenocarcinoma and choriocarcinoma. A sequential process of morphological transition of the adenocarcinoma to the choriocarcinoma can be traced. Indirect immunoperoxidase stain (PAP method) for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) demonstrates the localization of hCG in the syncytiotrophoblasts. Small number of cytotrophoblasts are weakly positive. None of the components of adenocarcinoma of both cases is positive for hCG. Human placental lactogen is not demonstrated in both cases. Stain for pregnancy specific beta-1 glycoprotein is weakly positive in the adenocarcinoma of one case but not in the choriocarcinoma. In one case, the concentration of hCG was 19.9 mIU/ml in the preoperative serum and decreased to 1.2 mIU/ml after gastrectomy. HCG production by gastric carcinoma was discussed with regard to possible pathogenesis of gastric choriocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[Oral administration of oil bleomycin combined with sodium polyacrylate for the treatment of esophageal cancer].

With anticipation of potentiation of the regional effect of bleomycin on the lesion of esophageal carcinoma, 12 patients with esophageal carcinoma were medicated orally with 5 ml of a paste-like mixture of 1 g of Sodium polyacrylate (PANA Kayaku) and 30 mg of oil bleomycin every day for 7 to 43 preoperative days. These 12 patients were further medicated with the mixture 1 hour before operation, and in 9 of them, bleomycin levels in the tumor and normal tissue of the resected portion of the esophagus and also in the regional lymph nodes were determined. The level in the normal tissue was on average concentration of 1.2 micrograms/g, while the level in tumor showed a tendency to higher level, being an average concentration of an being 4.4 micrograms/g. Bleomycin was found being efficiently transferred into the regional lymph nodes, where it was detected the average concentration of 1.7 micrograms/g. It may be anticipated that this mixture will be effective against preoperative and inoperable esophageal carcinoma and for ther studies on dosage and administration schedule is desirable.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1982

[Plasma exchange therapy in colonic cancer with hepatic metastasis].

The plasma exchange using Carcino embryonic Antigen (CEA) value as an index was performed for 3 colonic cancer patients with liver metastasis. A remarkable regression of hepatomegaly in two cases with rectal cancer was obtained and a significant decrease of CEA was observed in all patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Experimental colonic cancer in a dog.

Experimental colonic carcinoma in a dog was induced by anal insertion of an N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG) suppository (each cone containing 50 mg of ENNG) for 17 months. The dog was autopsied 20 months after the initiation insertion of the suppository. Grossly, the colonic wall from the anus of the 10-cm oral side of the colon was thickened, and there was an infiltrating tumor with shallow depressions in the rough mucosa. The lymph node around this portion were enlarged, and white spots were found in the liver and redness in the lungs. Histological examination of the colon revealed a variety of pathologic features, e.g., undifferentiated carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma in the region adjacent to the anus. Well and moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas involving the proper muscle layer were found in a region oral to these tumors and were accompanied by marked invasion of the blood vessels and lymphatic permeation. There were metastases to the liver, lungs and lymph nodes which corresponded to the gross findings, and also metastases to renal glomeruli. A well differentiated adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma were evident in the gastric mucosa. This experimental model should be useful for studies related to colonic carcinoma in humans.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Gastric carcinoma in dogs produced by the combined use of N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG) and gastrin--with special reference to development of scirrhous carcinoma.

Eight beagle dogs of four-month-old received both oral administration of N-Ethyl-N'-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine (ENNG) and subcutaneous injection of gastrin, and one of them was found to have an annularly infiltrating advanced carcinoma with marked fibrous thickening of the antral wall resulting in stenosis of the antrum (carcinoma scirrhosum) which resembled "Linitis plastica" (Borrmann's type IV carcinoma) in human stomach.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗