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Biomedical subjects

T Kamada

Publications and source records attributed to T Kamada.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase in cultured rat mesangial cells.

The analysis of the 100 000 X g supernatant fraction of cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells with DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography revealed a large peak showing the activity of a protein kinase (protein kinase C) which depended on phospholipid and diolein as well as Ca2+. Furthermore, it was shown that angiotensin II (AII) (10(-6)M) induced rapid hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, leading to production of diacylglycerol rich in arachidonic acid, in the cultured rat mesangial cells. These results suggest that activation of protein kinase C resulting from enhancement of phosphoinositide metabolism may be important as an intracellular regulatory mechanism of AII upon cultured mesangial cells.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1985

Influence of ranitidine on hepatic blood flow assessed by organ-reflectance spectrophotometer and pulse-Doppler ultrasonic flowmeter.

The influence of the intravenous injection of ranitidine (50 mg) on hepatic hemodynamics was investigated in normal subjects and patients with chronic liver disease. Using the organ-reflectance spectrophotometer, the regional hepatic blood hemoglobin concentration (delta Er569-650), an indicator of the regional hepatic blood flow, and the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the regional hepatic tissue (So2) were measured in patients with chronic liver disease after ranitidine injection under peritoneoscopy. With the pulse-Doppler ultrasonic flowmeter, the portal blood flow was measured in patients with chronic liver disease and normal subjects. There were no significant changes in the regional hepatic blood flow, the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin, and the portal blood flow after the intravenous injection of ranitidine. Thus, it is concluded that usual dose of ranitidine has no significant influence on the hepatic blood flow and that it can be prescribed without reducing the hepatic blood flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Inhibition of cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed function oxidation by ethanol.

The mechanism of inhibition of cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed function oxidation by ethanol was studied. Ethanol competitively inhibited the binding of hexobarbital to liver microsomes, and increased the low spin signal of cytochrome P-450 in the electron spin resonance spectra. Therefore, ethanol decreased the substrates bound to ferric cytochrome P-450 in the first step of mixed function oxidation. The second step of mixed function oxidation is the reduction of ferric cytochrome P-450-substrate complex by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase. The NADPH-dependent reduction of liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 was biphasic and composed of two first-order reactions. Ethanol decreased the rate constants of the fast and slow phases of microsomal cytochrome P-450 reduction. Thus, it is concluded that the inhibition of drug oxidation by ethanol may be due to the displacement of substrates from cytochrome P-450 and to the inhibition of reduction of cytochrome P-450 by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase.

7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase↗
PubMed1985

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of erythrocyte surface membrane sialyl residues using affinity cytochemistry with special reference to diabetic patients.

Erythrocyte surface membrane sialyl residues were investigated by means of affinity cytochemistry using the avidin-biotin complex technique. Mild oxidation with the periodate (MO)-biotin hydrazide (BHZ)-ferritin avidin conjugate (FAv) sequence revealed numerous ferritin particles on erythrocytes from healthy donors. The ferritin particles attached on the perpendicularly sectioned membrane were seen at an average distance of 10 to 12 nm from the outer dense leaflet of the cell membrane. Pretreatment with neuraminidase followed by the MO-BHZ-FAv sequence almost eliminated erythrocyte ferritin labeling. Erythrocytes from diabetic patients showed less dense ferritin labeling compared with those from healthy donors. Quantiative analysis of sialyl residues demonstrated a marked reduction in ferritin labeling of erythrocytes from diabetic patients which was significantly less (p less than 0.01) than that of erythrocytes from healthy donors. This observation supports previous biochemical data demonstrating lower levels of surface membrane negative charge and sialyl residues on erythrocytes from patients with diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Oxygen supply to the liver in patients with alcoholic liver disease assessed by organ-reflectance spectrophotometry.

In the present study we have investigated hepatic hemodynamics in patients with alcoholic liver disease using reflectance spectrophotometry and the hydrogen clearance method. Analysis of 38 cases has shown that estimated regional hepatic-tissue hemoglobin concentration, expressed as a difference in absorbance between 569 and 650 nm (delta Er569-650), decreased significantly with progress of fibrosis or fat accumulation in the liver. This suggests that the relative compression of the vascular compartment is due to the progress of alcoholic liver disease. Estimated hepatic hemoglobin concentration also correlated positively with prothrombin time, and negatively with serum gamma-globulin level and 15-min retention rate of indocyanine green. The difference in absorbance between 569 and 650 nm obtained by reflectance spectrophotometry was positively correlated with the regional hepatic blood flow as measured by the hydrogen clearance method. Thus, it is concluded that the estimated regional hepatic-tissue hemoglobin concentration decreases with progress of fibrosis and fat accumulation in the liver, and that this decreased oxygen supply to the liver may have an important role in the progress of alcoholic liver disease.

Absorption↗
PubMed1985

Reversal of neurological deficits by levallorphan in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of the intramuscular injection of levallorphan tartrate (1.0 mg), a mixed agonist-antagonist opiate, on the neurological signs, symptoms, and vital signs in 19 patients with acute ischemic stroke. A temporary improvement of hemiplegia or hemiparesis was observed within several minutes after levallorphan injection in 13 of the patients. There were no significant alterations in blood pressure or pulse rate after injection. The findings indicate that levallorphan may have a temporary improving effect on neurological deficits in acute ischemic stroke. In addition, observation of the response to levallorphan may serve to predict the prognosis of the final neurological outcome in this type of patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Erythrocyte membrane fluidity decreased in uremic hemodialyzed patients.

Erythrocyte membrane fluidity was studied by means of electron spin resonance in 15 uremic, hemodialyzed patients and 14 normal subjects. Erythrocyte membrane fluidity determined using a 16-nitroxide stearic acid spin label probe was of a significantly lower level in the uremic patients, when compared with normal control subjects. Alterations in molar ratios of membrane free cholesterol to phospholipid are probably not a principal factor contributing to this change in fluidity. Significant decreases of phosphatidylcholine and molar ratios of phosphatidylcholine to sphingomyelin were noted in the erythrocyte membrane of uremic patients, and these alterations may relate to the fluidity change.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Left ventricular aneurysm and the prediction of left ventricular enlargement studied by two-dimensional echocardiography: quantitative assessment of aneurysm size in relation to clinical course.

A retrospective study was performed to elucidate the process of left ventricular aneurysm formation and its influence on left ventricular enlargement based on serial two-dimensional echocardiographic observations from 150 consecutive patients with first acute anterior myocardial infarction. Echocardiograms were available and interpretable through the entire period of observation in 68 patients. Because of early death in 13 patients, echocardiograms of 55 patients, 22 with and 33 without aneurysm, were analyzed from 1 to 28 days after infarction. Patients with aneurysms were separated into two groups with large (group 1, 11 patients) and small aneurysms (group 2, 11 patients) on the basis of ratios of aneurysm to overall left ventricular circumferential length [Lcf-LV(RAO)] and area [Area-LV(RAO)], i.e., Lcf(An/LV)-RAO and Area(An/LV)-RAO, respectively, in the right anterior oblique equivalent view at the time of aneurysm formation, with reference to Forrester's subset. Group 1 consisted of patients with Lcf(An/LV)-RAO of 0.4 or greater or Area(An/LV)RAO of 0.3 or greater while group 2 included patients with Lcf(An/LV)-RAO less than 0.4 or Area(An/LV)-RAO less than 0.3. In the test for time trend in these groups with a one-way analysis of variance, Lcf-LV in RAO equivalent and apical four-chamber views and Area-LV in apical four-chamber view effectively separated group 1 from groups 2 and 3 (without aneurysm) with significance (p less than .005, p less than .01, and p less than .01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1985

[Reversible asynergy in acute transmural myocardial infarction: evaluations of patients with inferior infarction].

To evaluate the significance of chronological changes in wall motion abnormalities, echocardiography was performed for 46 patients with acute transmural inferior myocardial infarction without previous infarction or complications. Asynergy was analyzed by two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D Echo) on the third day (acute stage) and the 28th day (convalescent stage) after the onset of infarction. Asynergy was quantitatively estimated by dividing the left ventricle into 17 segments. The degree of asynergy was graded on a four-point scale as dyskinesis = 3, akinesis = 2, hypokinesis = 1, and normokinesis = 0. The total wall motion score (TWMS) was calculated on the both days. Improvement of asynergy was observed in 39 cases (84.8%). Among them, both the extent and degree of asynergy were improved in 17 cases (37.0%). In 10 cases (21.7%) the extent of asynergy was reduced. In the remaining 12 cases (26.1%), only the degree of asynergy was decreased. Concerning the relationship between the degree of asynergy on the 3rd day and the subsequent alteration of asynergy on the 28th day, two of four dyskinetic segments still had dyskinesis, and the other two reverted to akinesis. Among 156 akinetic segments, 80 did not change, but 58 reverted to hypokinesis and 18, to normokinesis. Among 82 hypokinetic segments, 48 did not change, but 34 became normal. The relationship between severity of asynergy on the third day indicated by the total wall motion score (TWMS 3rd) and the improvement in the score on the 28th day (TWMS 28th) was investigated in three patient groups: group-A (n = 19) showed TWMS 3rd greater than 9; group-B (n = 22), 9 greater than or equal to TWMS 3rd greater than or equal to 3; group-C (n = 5), TWMS 3rd less than 3. The frequency of "no improvement" was slightly higher in the group-C (62.5%) than in the group-A (52.1%) and in the group-B (56.4%). On comparison, improvement of asynergy was observed in the group-A in 47.9% and in the group-B in 43.6%, but the rate of resolution of asynergy was higher in group-B (53.6%) than in the group-A (40.3%). In the group-C, there was no case of significant coronary artery stenosis greater than 75% in diameter and sigma CPK was smaller than in the other two groups (p less than 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Long-term application of wearable artificial endocrine pancreas--closed-loop intravenous vs subcutaneous insulin infusion.

For closed-loop glycemic control on IDDM, closed-loop sc insulin infusion algorithm has developed by analysing the pharmacokinetics of sc insulin absorption. With the algorithm, daily glycemic excursion in IDDMs was controlled to near-normal levels. These data suggested that the closed-loop sc insulin infusion algorithm might be feasible to regulate glycemia in diabetic patients for a long-term period by wearable artificial endocrine pancreas.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1985

[Superoxide dismutase and hyperbaric oxygen therapy of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis].

Cu, Zn-SOD values were measured by enzyme immunoassay in the synovial fluid, leukocytes in the synovial fluid, synovial membrane, and leukocytes in blood of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. SOD activity, lipoperoxide value in serum, ESR, and Lansbury's index of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis under hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy were also investigated. SOD values of synovial fluid and of leukocytes in synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis group were found to be higher than those from osteoarthritis group. No significant difference was found the SOD values in leukocytes of blood and synovial membrane between two groups. In the patients with rheumatoid arthritis under HBO therapy the SOD activity was increased, whereas lipoperoxide values was decreased. Furthermore, ESR and Lansbury's index showed a remarkable recovery. These results suggest that HBO therapy may be an effective treatment for the patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1985

Pulmonary cyst.

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Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Immunoreactive glucagon in the smooth muscle cells of the rat cerebral artery: an immunohistochemical analysis.

The presence of immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) in a smooth muscle of the cerebral arteries of rats was demonstrated immunohistochemically using two antisera against pancreatic glucagon, OAL -123 and Unger 's 30K . Based on the results and on our previous radioimmunoassay and gel filtration study, the smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels may be one of the extrapancreatic sources of IRG in the plasma.

Animals↗