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Biomedical subjects

T Jansen

Publications and source records attributed to T Jansen.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Pyoderma faciale. A review and report of 20 additional cases: is it rosacea?

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: Pyoderma faciale was originally described by O'Leary and Kierland in 1940. It is characterized by the sudden onset of monstrous coalescent nodules and confluent draining sinuses confined to the face of young women in their early 20s. This report summarizes our results in 20 cases. The women were 15 to 46 years old (mean, 25 years). RESULTS: All women were flushers and blushers. Histopathologic examination revealed a dense perivascular and periadnexial infiltrate, including granulocytes, eosinophils with epithelioid granulomas, and septal and lobular panniculitis. No consistent laboratory abnormalities were found. After much therapeutic experimentation, we developed an effective treatment plan, based on a combination of oral isotretinoin and corticosteroids. CONCLUSION: We regard it as an extreme form of rosacea and suggest it be renamed rosacea fulminans in analogy with its counterpart, acne fulminans.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Levocabastine: pharmacological profile of a highly effective inhibitor of allergic reactions.

Levocabastine, selected from a series of cyclohexylpiperidine derivatives protects rats from compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock for at least 16 h at the oral dose of 0.0015 mg/kg. At the same dose histamine skin reactions and at slightly higher doses passive cutaneous anaphylactic reactions are inhibited. Blockade of passive cutaneous anaphylactic reactions is obtained with levocabastine, despite absence of peripheral serotonin antagonism and any other known non-specific action that may facilitate inhibition of passive anaphylaxis. In dogs allergic reactions are inhibited at oral doses 40 times lower than ketotifen. In guinea-pigs orally and topically administered levocabastine are remarkably effective against allergic conjunctivitis.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1992

Effects of itraconazole on phagocytosis and killing of Candida glabrata by polymorphonuclear leucocytes from guinea pigs.

Itraconazole, a systemically active antifungal, was tested for its effects on microscopically assessed phagocytosis and killing of Candida glabrata 233 in vitro. Yeast cells were exposed to itraconazole in culture and guinea-pig peritoneal polymorphonuclear leucocytes were exposed to the drug injected intraperitoneally in vivo. At a concentration of 10(-7) M and with exposure times of 1 h, itraconazole pre-treatment of the leucocytes had no effect on the ability of PMNL to ingest or kill C. glabrata. However, pre-treatment of the growing C. glabrata cells under the same conditions significantly increased their vulnerability to both phagocytosis and intracellular killing. Longer exposures of the yeasts to itraconazole further increased their susceptibility to leucocyte phagocytosis, and it also rendered the cells vulnerable to killing merely by immersion in sodium deoxycholate solution. These findings indicate that short exposures of C. glabrata to low itraconazole concentrations damages the cells sublethally and renders them highly susceptible to leucocyte killing. Itraconazole had no direct effects on leucocyte function itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Individual and work related factors associated with symptoms of musculoskeletal complaints. I. A quantitative registration system.

A registration system for symptoms of occupational musculoskeletal injuries has been developed and evaluated. The system is based on the recording of two aspects of the pain sensation: the intensity (five point scale) and the frequency (three point scale) of pain. The two primary indicators are summed to give a combined symptom score. The scoring system was evaluated in terms of its ability to predict the probability of a medical consultation due to a musculoskeletal pain problem. The intensity and frequency parameters were shown to contribute significantly and to carry equal weight when optimising the symptom score by a logistic regression analysis. In the scoring of pain symptoms a distinction was made between pain experienced during and outside working hours and only the first category was included. The separation eliminated some symptoms that the workers did not consider work related (mostly due to migraine, arthritis). Repeated interviews of 14 subjects showed, however, that this procedure could cause classification problems.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1992

Individual and work related factors associated with symptoms of musculoskeletal complaints. II. Different risk factors among sewing machine operators.

Individual and work related risk factors in the development of occupational musculoskeletal complaints were studied in a group of 210 female production workers, mainly sewing machine operators. Another group of 35 female employees performing secretarial or laboratory duties were also included. The production workers had significantly higher symptom scores with respect to self reported musculoskeletal complaints than the group with more varied work tasks for the head, neck, shoulders, and arms, but not for the low back, hips, and the lower extremities. No significant differences were found in symptom level between geographically separate groups of production workers with similar work tasks. The main individual risk factor identified in this study was the experience of previous, similar symptoms in the same body region, but this factor only accounted for 2-3% of total variance in symptom score for the neck and shoulders. Other individual factors of importance for symptoms in the neck and shoulders were "signs of psychological problems" and "tendency of muscle tension," but these only account for about 1% of total variance in symptom score. Symptoms in the head and low back showed complex relations with individual parameters.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1992

[Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with cutaneous manifestations in a 13-year-old girl].

We describe a 13-year-old girl with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. The patient's main symptom was a generalized pruritic maculopapular rash located mainly on the upper and lower limbs. In addition to the skin lesions, physical examination revealed enlarged cervical, axillary and inguinal lymph nodes. There were also hepatosplenomegaly and oedema of both hands. Blood examination showed elevated ESR, haemolytic anaemia, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia and eosinophilia. Virus serology including HIV I and II and HTLV I was negative. Histopathological examination of a lesional skin biopsy showed superficial and deep dermal infiltrate extending into the subcutaneous tissue. The infiltrate consisted of lymphocytes, some with atypical nuclei, histiocytoid cells, and few eosinophils. There was also proliferation of dermal blood vessels. Examination of an enlarged cervical lymph node disclosed typical histopathological features of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and confirmed the diagnosis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

[Sulzberger-Garbe exudative discoid and lichenoid chronic dermatosis ("Oid-Oid disease")--reality or fiction?].

In 1937, Sulzberger and Garbe singled out an exudative discoid and lichenoid chronic dermatosis characterized by the combination of various symptoms which by themselves are not specific from the heterogeneous eczema group. The report of a 7-year-old girl is used as a basis to describe the characteristics of the disease and to present the authors' own interpretation. Clinically, there were discoid and lichenoid lesions with severe pruritus. Blood examination revealed eosinophilia. Histopathological examination of skin lesions showed psoriasiform, spongiotic, lichenoid dermatitis. A therapeutic regimen of oral corticosteroids led to complete regression of the skin changes. We feel that there are no clinical or histological findings to differentiate Sulzberger-Garbe disease definitely from extensive nummular eczema.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1991

Intrahyphal hyphae in corneal tissue from a case of keratitis due to Lasiodiplodia theobromae.

Lasiodiplodia theobromae, a recognized plant pathogen, was isolated in culture from a case of human mycotic keratitis. Chemotherapy with a variety of azoles was unsuccessful and the lesion was removed surgically. Electron microscopy of thin sections of the excised corneal tissue revealed several examples of intrahyphal hyphae, a unique process described previously in in vitro cultures of various zoopathogenic fungi. We believe this to be the first report of the presence of intrahyphal hyphae in parasitized animal or human tissue. The demonstration of this process in vivo is thought to be consistent with the hypothesis that intrahyphal hyphae might represent an attempt by the invading fungus to survive in an otherwise unfavourable environment.

Cornea↗
PubMed1991

Left ventricular function and wall thickness in long-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: an echocardiographic study.

Left ventricular function and wall thickness were evaluated in 111 type I diabetic subjects (mean age 25.5 +/- 9 years, mean duration of diabetes 13.4 +/- 6.2 years), using 2-D-derived M-mode echocardiography. Patients were carefully selected for the absence of major coronary risk factors or manifest cardiac disorders, and compared with 91 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Fractional shortening and the maximal velocity of cirumferential fibre shortening did not differ significantly between the two groups. Furthermore, no differences were found in the diastolic functional parameter of velocity of circumferential fibre extension. Posterior wall thickness was significantly increased in the diabetic patients compared to the controls (9.5 +/- 1.8 mm vs. 8.4 +/- 1.3 mm. P less than 0.01). As the thickness of the interventricular septum was also moderately increased (9.2 +/- 2.2 mm vs. 8.9 +/- 1.7 mm, NS), these findings provide evidence for an early structural change of the myocardium in young diabetic patients without clinically relevant functional consequences.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Pomade crust of the scalp simulating cornu cutaneum].

A 63-year-old woman with a history of exaggerated use of topical skin care products of post-traumatic scarring alopecia presented with a monstrous cutaneous horn-like pomade crust of the scalp hidden beneath a wig. The crust consisted of corneocytes and bacterial debris. Pomade crusts have not been described previously in this localization. They are usually found in the inguinal or gluteal folds of infants, and occasionally in other body regions, e.g., on the face of adults.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of intra-arterial and intravenous PGE1 infusions on transcutaneous oxygen pressure in patients with critical ischemia of the extremities].

In a randomized cross-over study 20 patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease stage IV according to Fontaine received one i.a. infusion of 10 micrograms PGE1 in 25 ml saline over 30 min and one i.v. infusion of 40 micrograms PGE1 in 125 ml saline over 60 min. Transcutaneous PO2 was measured continuously (44 degrees C) on the forefoot and dorsum of the foot of the affected leg as well as on the forefoot of the contralateral limb. During i.a. infusion tcPO2 decreased by 73% on the forefoot combined with pain in the infused leg in 8 patients, whereas i.v. infusion induced a 83.1% increase in tcPO2. All in all i.v. PGE1 infusion resulted in a more pronounced increase of tcPO2 without causing side effects.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1991

[Arthrolysis as a surgical treatment concept of post-traumatic stiffness of the knee joint].

In the period from 1977 to 1989 105 arthrolyses were performed in 102 patients. There were mainly posttraumatic fibroarthroses: 51 consecutive to fractures, 39 after ligamentous injuries, 13 post-infectious of which 11 were also post-traumatic and only 2 patients with rheumatological diseases. Remarkable is the increased number of fibroarthrosis after polytrauma (n = 26). The preoperative range of motion was under 30 degrees in 26 patients and 48 patients had a severely limited range of motions between 30 and 60 degrees. The follow-up examination performed in an average of 2 years after the operative mobilization showed that the initial mobility was more than doubled. These results are related to atiology, operative procedure and degree of severity of the preoperative stiffness. Fair to excellent results were obtained in almost 3/4 of the patients. We explain these results by an adapted extraarticular or combined procedure which were used in 63 cases. The open release is backed by an intensive rehabilitation program in which painlessness through PDA and an immediate postoperative continuous passive motion are of most importance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The effects of saperconazole on the morphology of Candida albicans, Pityrosporum ovale and Trichophyton rubrum in vitro.

Fungal cultures were incubated for various periods of time with saperconazole at concentrations ranging from 10(-10) to 10(-5) M: Candida albicans (4 and 24 h), Pityrosporum ovale (2 and 7 days), and Trichophyton rubrum (1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 days). At the end of the incubation period, fungal morphology was compared with that of control cultures by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. In all three species, major ultrastructural changes were seen from concentrations of 10(-8) to 10(-7) M saperconazole onwards, depending on the species and time of incubation. The main changes were inhibition of hyphal outgrowth (C. albicans), abortive hyphal outgrowth (T. rubrum) and deposition of electron-dense vesicles in a thickened cell wall (C. albicans, T. rubrum). In P. ovale, a direct, necrotizing action was seen without concomitant wall changes.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1990

Expression in Escherichia coli of ferredoxin:NADP+ reductase from spinach. Bacterial synthesis of the holoflavoprotein and of an active enzyme form lacking the first 28 amino acid residues of the sequence.

A cDNA clone for the preprotein of spinach ferredoxin:NADP+ reductase has been modified to allow the expression in Escherichia coli of the mature flavoprotein form the lacks the transit peptide. An expression vector, pFNR1, was constructed by subcloning the fragment into the plasmid pDS12/RBSII, SphI. In the crude extracts of transformed cells after induction, two active holoproteins of 35 kDa and 32 kDa, respectively, were found. The 32-kDa protein, purified by immunoaffinity chromatography, was found to lack the first 28 residues of the spinach protein sequence and to have a methionine as the N-terminal residue instead of Val29. A new expression plasmid, pFNR2, was obtained by in vitro mutagenesis of the codon GTG for Val29 to the synonymous GTT; in this case, only the 35-kDa protein was expressed by transformed cells. Both the 35-kDa and 32-kDa enzymes were purified and characterized. All the properties analyzed of the cloned 35-kDa enzyme were very similar to those of the spinach flavoprotein. The 32-kDa form showed the same catalytic efficiency of the spinach enzyme as a diaphorase but its interaction with oxidized ferredoxin was partially impaired.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Physical endurance capacity, functional status and medical complications in spinal cord injured subjects with long-standing lesions.

Seventy two spinal cord injured subjects (63 males and 9 females) with long-standing lesions (mean 110 months, range 43-187) were admitted to the Sunnaas Hospital for routine examination (questionnaire, neurological status, radiography, urodynamics, blood specimen, and physical endurance capacity during armergometry). The subjects were divided into three groups with Low-(peak VO2 less than 15 ml/kg/min), Medium-(15 less than VO2 greater than 25) and High-(VO2 greater than 25) endurance capacity. The rate of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and osteoporotic leg bones, was significantly reduced with increasing oxygen uptake (p less than 0.05, X2 test). Differences in scores for ADL-independency (ADL = Activities of daily living) and ambulation on crutches with braces, were even more pronounced between the L, M and H groups (p less than 0.001). The same trends, although not always statistically significant, were also observed in a homogeneous group of paraplegic patients (n = 43, injury level below T6). The results emphasise the importance of regular physical endurance activities to patient well-being, because relatively high endurance capacity was found to be related to less frequent medical complications, and to a higher degree of ADL self-independency.

Activities of Daily Living↗