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Biomedical subjects

T Jansen

Publications and source records attributed to T Jansen.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Moexipril versus captopril in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

Moexipril is a new, long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. In contrast to captopril, it is a prodrug of the pharmacologically active agent moexiprilat and will be administered once daily. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of moexipril with that of captopril during a 12-week treatment of patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Patients with a sitting diastolic blood pressure (SDBP) of 95-114 mm Hg, inclusive, were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive moexipril, 7.5 mg, once daily or captopril, 25 mg, twice daily. After 6 weeks of treatment, the dose of moexipril and captopril was increased to 15 mg once daily and 50 mg twice daily, respectively, if the patient's SDBP remained > or = 90 mm Hg. Blood pressure was measured at biweekly visits. At study endpoint, adjusted mean reductions in SDBP were comparable between the moexipril and captopril groups (-9.8 vs. -8.7 mm Hg), and moexipril was more effective than captopril in reducing sitting systolic blood pressure. Adverse experiences (headache, dizziness, and upper respiratory infection) occurred at similar frequencies in the moexipril and in the captopril groups. The data indicate that moexipril at dosages of 7.5 and 15 mg once daily is as efficacious as twice daily captopril in reducing blood pressure in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Reactive perforating collagenosis--transepidermal elimination of type IV collagen.

Reactive perforating collagenosis (RPC) is a rare skin disorder characterized by reddish papules with a central keratotic plug which appear mainly on the extensor aspects of the limbs. An idiopathic or classical variant has been delineated from an acquired one which occurs in diabetes mellitus and renal failure. Histopathological examination of the lesions shows transepidermal elimination of abnormally staining bundles of collagen. To clarify the origin of this collagenous material we performed an immunohistochemical study including biopsies of two patients with RPC, one classical and one acquired. Staining reactivity to antibodies against type IV collagen was observed, thus providing evidence that the collagen eliminated in RPC may be derived from the basement membrane zone.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Biophysical bases of the effects of holmium laser on articular cartilage and their impact on clinical application technics].

The in vitro study presented helps to clarify the biophysical mechanisms and tissue interactions of the holmium laser at the point of impact on the surface of cartilage-bone specimens investigated in different experimental settings. A striking event is the creation of a vapor bubble that opens up access for the laser beam through the fluid medium. This bubble shows a reproducible dynamic behavior function of the laser irradiance and the angle of incidence of the delivery fiber. These determine directly the amplitude of the pressure waves induced when the bubble collapses. Apart from this acoustic effect, which is correlated with epicentric histological features that can hardly be considered biologically relevant, a thermal effect is recognized that is finally responsible for the ablation and tissue damage. It induces typical histological alterations that can be observed along the laser beam axis, with a penetration function mainly of the irradiance but also of the angle of incidence. Nevertheless, at a pulse energy of 1 J and an irradiation angle of 30 degrees, the recorded overall depth of the immediate histological changes was down to 500-600 micrometers. Thus, in realistic working conditions, the damage observed after cartilage sealing with the holmium laser remains within an absolutely acceptable range. This is in agreement with the better results compared to mechanical cartilage debridement that have been reported in previous prospective clinical studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

The history of photography in dermatology. Milestones from the roots to the 20th century.

From the Middle Ages to the 20th century, talented artists have created illustrations of signs of human diseases. Since the birth of photography in 1840, artists and physicians have used photographic techniques to illustrate the diseases of the skin; dermatology especially relies on these visual signs. In dermatology today, photography is still very important because of the need for adequate illustrations in medical textbooks and journals. From the early days of daguerreotypes to modern times, medical photography was developed in different stages and many physicians have taken part in the development of photographic techniques and chemistry. This historical survey describes the milestones in the development of medical photographic illustration from its beginning to the 20th century.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1995

[Draining sinus in acne and rosacea. A clinical, histopathologic and experimental study].

The draining sinus is an unpleasant complication of acne conglobata, acne fulminans, acne inversa, rosacea conglobata and rosacea fulminans (pyoderma faciale). It is most common on the face, especially in the nasolabial folds, and on the neck below the mandibular line. Clinically, it is an elongated (2-5 cm long), elevated, periodically inflamed lesion, which sporadically discharges pus. The lesion persists with no tendency to spontaneous regression. Histopathologically, it consists of elaborate, epithelialized galleries connected to the skin surface at multiple points. It contains corneocytes, hairs, bacteria, serum, inflammatory cells and epitheloid granulomas. A surgical thread placed into the skin provides a model in which the generation of sinus tracts can be studied. Therapy is difficult. Intralesional corticosteroid injection, cryosurgery and isotretinoin are not always very effective. Sometimes complete excision of the lesion is necessary. The draining sinus is a special form of scar analogous to the pilonidal cyst.

Abscess↗
PubMed1995

[Pachydermoperiostosis].

Pachydermoperiostosis (Friedreich-Erb-Arnold syndrome, Touraine-Solente-Golé syndrome) is a rare disease with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance; it occurs almost exclusively in men. A report of typical pachydermoperiostosis in a 31-year-old man is presented. Associated features were clubbed digits of the hands and feet with watch-crystal nails, thickening of the skin and soft tissues, hyperhidrosis of hands and feet, hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands with seborrhoea, gynaecomastia, and ophthalmic abnormalities that had been present since puberty. Radiological examination revealed periosteal hyperostosis of the short and long bones. Endocrine disturbances were not detected. Skin biopsies showed hypertrophy of the skin and skin appendages. Primary (idiopathic, hereditary) pachydermoperiostosis should be distinguished from secondary (symptomatic) forms of the disease, which are often associated with lung tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Morbihan disease--chronic persistent erythema and edema of the face].

Morbihan's disease was first reported as a distinct entity in 1957 by Degos, describing a chronic persistent erythema and oedema of the upper half of the face. Such conditions have been noted in the literature designated as chronic lymphoedema or solid persistent facial oedema in acne or rosacea. The characteristic features are a chronic course, a typical clinical picture, lack of specific laboratory and histological findings and refractoriness to therapeutic measures.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1995

Provocation of porphyria cutanea tarda by KUVA-therapy of vitiligo.

Therapy with khellin and UVA irradiation (KUVA) is a therapeutic approach to vitiligo. Little is known about the photobiological properties of khellin and its long-term side-effects after prolonged administration. A 47-year-old woman suffering from acral vitiligo since the age of 3 is reported, who developed blisters on hands and fingers during KUVA-therapy. Laboratory findings were consistent with hereditary porphyria cutanea tarda. Electron microscopic examination of a blister revealed clefting below the basement membrane. It is proposed that khellin in some way provoked the porphyria cutanea tarda in this patient.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1994

Electron transfer from plastocyanin to photosystem I.

Mutant plastocyanins with Leu at position 10, 90 or 83 (Gly, Ala and Tyr respectively in wildtype) were constructed by site-specific mutagenesis of the spinach gene, and expressed in transgenic potato plants under the control of the authentic plastocyanin promoter, as well as in Escherichia coli as truncated precursor intermediates carrying the C-terminal 22 amino acid residues of the transit peptide, i.e. the thylakoid-targeting domain that acts as a bacterial export signal. The identity of the purified plastocyanins was verified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. The formation of a complex between authentic or mutant spinach plastocyanin and isolated photosystem I and the electron transfer has been studied from the biphasic reduction kinetics of P700+ after excitation with laser flashes. The formation of the complex was abolished by the bulky hydrophobic group of Leu at the respective position of G10 or A90 which are part of the conserved flat hydrophobic surface around the copper ligand H87. The rate of electron transfer decreased by both mutations to < 20% of that found with wildtype plastocyanin. We conclude that the conserved flat surface of plastocyanin represents one of two crucial structural elements for both the docking at photosystem I and the efficient electron transfer via H87 to P700+. The Y83L mutant exhibited faster electron transfer to P700+ than did authentic plastocyanin. This proves that Y83 is not involved in electron transfer to P700 and suggests that electron transfer from cytochrome f and to P700 follows different routes in the plastocyanin molecule. Plastocyanin (Y83L) expressed in either E. coli or potato exhibited different isoelectric points and binding constants to photosystem I indicative of differences in the folding of the protein. The structure of the binding site at photosystem I and the mechanism of electron transfer are discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Diagnosis and treatment of rosacea fulminans.

Rosacea fulminans is a rare disease of unknown cause which occurs exclusively in women well past adolescence. It was previously called pyoderma faciale because of its confinement to the face covering most of the surface with innumerable fluctuant inflammatory nodules and papules which frequently fuse and form monstrosities. Seborrhea prior to onset is typical. It is not a pyoderma; neither it is infectious or a variant of acne conglobata. The patients respond well to a therapeutic regimen including isotretinoin in combination with topical and systemic corticosteroids. The response is superior and much more rapid than in patients treated with oral antibiotics. Rosacea fulminans is the only indication for topical or systemic corticosteroids in the treatment of rosacea. Scarring is often minimal when the lesions clear. No recurrence is seen.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1993

An historical note on pyoderma faciale.

Pyoderma faciale is a rare disorder, recently interpreted as a maximal variant of rosacea in women, with a sudden onset. A survey of the history of pyoderma faciale is presented.

Facial Dermatoses↗
PubMed1993

Solid persistent facial edema of acne: successful treatment with isotretinoin and ketotifen.

A 20-year-old man suffering from acne vulgaris since the age of 12 developed a solid persistent inflammatory edema of the face through the last 2 years. The edema was resistant to conventional treatment of acne including various systemic and topical antibiotics, isotretinoin and interferon-gamma. Histopathologic examination revealed an extensive fibrosis of the middle and deeper corium with a dense lymphohistiocytic perivascular infiltrate, notably with many mast cells. The therapeutic combination of oral isotretinoin (0.5 mg/kg body weight daily) and ketotifen (2 mg daily) led to complete resolution of all facial lesions. The pathogenesis of persistent edema remains mysterious but may be related to chronic inflammation resulting in obstruction of lymph vessels or fibrosis induced by mast cells.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1993

[Siliconoma. An interdisciplinary problem].

In plastic-reconstructive surgery in recent decades silicone fluid has been injected for cosmetic reasons and has occasionally led to granulomas with foreign body reaction (siliconoma). A 77-year-old woman is presented who developed protuberant facial granulomas 15 years after the injection of silicone fluid to improve scars. Histopathology revealed large lipid-filled cells, surrounded by histiocytic cells and foreign body giant cells. Laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA) showed peaks consistent with PO2 and PO3, which are usually found in regions of foreign body reactions. Treatment with isotretinoin given orally in low doses (20 mg total dose per day) resulted in a complete resolution of the granulomas. The anti-inflammatory action of isotretinoin was the reason for selecting this treatment modality.

Aged↗