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Biomedical subjects

T James

Publications and source records attributed to T James.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The preventive effect of verapamil on ethanol-induced cardiac depression: phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance and high-pressure liquid chromatographic studies of hamsters.

Alcoholic depression of left ventricular function was produced in normal hamsters by the administration of increasing concentrations of alcohol in drinking water (up to 50%) for 6 months. The result was assessed by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance of isolated perfused hearts and high-pressure liquid chromatography of freeze-clamped tissues. Hemodynamic data and myocardial oxygen consumption were also monitored. Alcoholic hamsters had significantly higher inorganic phosphate and lower ATP levels, while maintaining normal intracellular pH, phosphocreatine, and creatine. Although coronary flow and oxygen consumption were maintained at normal levels, hamsters ingesting 50% ethanol had significantly lower left ventricular developed pressure and dP/dt. Treatment with verapamil during long-term ethanol consumption prevented the development of these metabolic and functional abnormalities. It is hypothesized that alcohol produces membrane abnormalities leading to adverse ion flux, and that these are largely prevented by concurrent administration of verapamil.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1986

Curiosa paediatrica X: precocious sternebral fusion.

The few reported cases of precocious sternebral fusion occurring in early childhood appear always to have been associated with other congenital physical abnormalities. The instance presented here was clinically without such association and its precocious appearance cannot be attributed to an aberrant embryological polyvalent induction.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

Curiosa paediatrica VIII: Infans bicolor.

A remarkable instance of a dappled, pied or piebald Xhosa male infant is presented to illustrate the extreme to which partial albinism can extend. I have named it infans bicolor, using as my precedent for this term Virgil's equus bicolor.

Albinism↗
PubMed1983

Energy levels at systole vs. diastole in normal hamster hearts vs. myopathic hamster hearts.

The following studies were carried out to examine energy metabolites and cardiac performance of the failing heart (hereditary cardiomyopathy) of the Syrian hamster (strain UM-X7.1) perfused either by normal or stress conditions, and to determine whether cyclical changes in energy-related metabolites occurred in the glucose-perfused hearts of both normal and heart failure animals. Hamster hearts from 250-day-old animals with moderate heart failure were removed and perfused either as nonworking hearts (Langendorff method, an afterload pressure of 90 mm Hg and 2.5 mM calcium in the perfusate) or as working hearts with stress conditions [an afterload of 110 mm Hg, high calcium concentrations in the perfusate (3.5 mM), and 10(-8) M isoproterenol]. Mechanical parameters (developed pressure and max dP/dt) and measurements of oxygen consumption indicated that both contractility and oxygen consumption had fallen 50% in myopathic hearts, compared with those of normal hamsters perfused with either of the two conditions. By means of a specially designed stimulator-triggered freeze clamp, hearts were terminated at systole and diastole, and tissue content of ATP, ADP, AMP, adenosine, phosphocreatine, creatine, pyruvate, lactate, and inorganic phosphate were analyzed. A 50% reduction in cardiac performance of the cardiomyopathic hamster hearts was associated with a corresponding reduction in systolic ATP, adenosine, and phosphocreatine values, while inorganic phosphate and lactate increased. With glucose as the sole substrate, the high energy phosphates, ATP and phosphocreatine, reached maximum values during diastole and minimum values during systole.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenosine↗
PubMed1983

Gas-liquid chromatographic screening method for determination of methyl mercury in tuna and swordfish.

A rapid screening method has been developed for determining methyl mercury in tuna and swordfish. Fish tissue is blended with acidic KBr solution to release methyl mercury, which is then extracted into methylene chloride. After cleanup by partitioning with cysteine, the methyl mercury is extracted into toluene and determined by gas-liquid chromatography. The proposed method compares favorably with the official AOAC atomic absorption method.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Curiosa Paediatrica VI: Dacryohaemorrhoea.

Although dacryohaemorrhoea appears in Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary the word has not been found in the medical literature, but several cases of 'bloody tears' of diverse and unknown aetiology have appeared in ophthalmological journals. Prominent textbooks on ophthalmology, however, do not mention the condition. An instance of the phenomenon occurring in a Black (Xhosa) female infant is reported.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Umbilical hernia in Xhosa infants and children.

During the period 12 March 1980 to 10 March 1981 a consecutive series of 1200 Xhosa (Black) infants and young children, ranging in age from the newborn to the prepubertal, who attended the general outpatients department for a variety of medical complaints were examined for umbilical herniation. None had undergone any surgical operation, and patients with conditions possibly associated with umbilical herniation were excluded. Evidence of umbilical protrusion was found in 742 (61.8%), with a similar incidence in males and females. The overall incidence was reflected in each age group by a preponderance of children with umbilical hernia. This study confirms the validity of a generally-held impression that in Black children there is a strong tendency towards the persistence of umbilical hernia when it appears after separation of the cord.

Age Factors↗