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Biomedical subjects

T J David

Publications and source records attributed to T J David.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Adjunctive use of scanning electron microscopy in bite mark analysis: a three-dimensional study.

An examination of a case in which adjunctive use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated the presence of unusual three-dimensional characteristics in a bite mark. Despite the fact that many bite marks do not show "depth," demonstration of the presence of this third dimension can produce significant data for evidentiary purposes. In some instances, these data may transform what seem to be class characteristics of a bite mark into individual characteristics and thus impart much more uniqueness to the evidence. Because of the high level of resolution and magnification of SEM, some three-dimensional characteristics not visible to the eye can be shown quite clearly by its use. Emphasis will be given to the value of SEM as a tool of the forensic odontologist in bite mark analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Vascular basis for malformations in a twin.

A twin is described who was born with ileal atresia and hydranencephaly, the co-twin having died at about 24 weeks' gestation. If a macerated or autolysed twin is found at birth, the paediatrician should be alerted to the possibility of serious and not immediately obvious defects in the surviving infant.

Anencephaly↗
PubMed1985

Herpes simplex infections in atopic eczema.

One hundred and seventy nine children with atopic eczema were studied prospectively for two and three quarter years; the mean period of observation being 18 months. Ten children had initial infections with herpes simplex. Four children, very ill with a persistently high fever despite intravenous antibiotics and rectal aspirin, continued to produce vesicles and were given intravenous acyclovir. There were 11 recurrences among five patients. In two patients the recurrences were as severe as the initial lesions, and one of these children had IgG2 deficiency. Use of topical corticosteroids preceded the episode of herpes in only three of the 21 episodes. Symptomatic herpes simplex infections are common in children with atopic eczema, and are suggested by the presence of vesicles or by infected eczema which does not respond to antibiotic treatment. Virological investigations are simple and rapid: electron microscopy takes minutes, and cultures are often positive within 24 hours.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Familial absence of the pectoralis major, serratus anterior, and latissimus dorsi muscles.

Congenital absence of shoulder girdle muscles is described in three generations of a family. The proband, a 3 year old boy, had absence of the sternocostal head of the right pectoralis major. His father had absence of the left serratus anterior and part of the left latissimus dorsi and his paternal grandfather had absence of the lower two-thirds of the left pectoralis major, with absence of the left serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi muscles. The condition is probably the result of a dominant gene. These observations show that absence of the pectoralis major is part of a wider spectrum of shoulder girdle defects. Where genetic advice is sought by persons with apparently sporadic absence of the pectoralis major, examination of the relatives is necessary.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1984

Prodromal itching in childhood asthma.

In a prospective study of 79 children with asthma, 26 had prodromal itching 1 - 30 min before the attack, and 17 had prodromal itching during the early part of the attack. The sensation lasted up to about 30 min. Scratch marks were seen in 5 patients. In 7 patients the itching was known to the child but had not been recognised by the parents. The site of itching was constant for each patient, being the anterior part of the neck in 14 patients and the upper part of the back in 9 patients. The pathogenesis of prodromal itching is obscure, but its recognition may be of diagnostic use when taking a history and may enable an attack of asthma to be aborted or treated more promptly.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Low serum zinc in children with atopic eczema.

Serum zinc was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in sixty-five children with atopic eczema and seventy-nine control children. The mean serum zinc of the patients, (11.4 +/- 2.0 mumol/l) was significantly lower than that of the controls (13.7 +/- 2.3 mumol/l, P less than 0.0001). There was no significant correlation between the patients' serum zinc concentration and either the height/weight centile or a subjective assessment of severity and extent of the eczema. Of eleven patients with serum zinc below 10 mumol/l, six had recurrent infections of the skin, a significantly greater proportion than in patients whose serum zinc was 10 mumol/l or above. It is suspected that the decreased plasma zinc concentration in children with eczema is a non-specific consequence of the dermatological disorder, and therefore there is no indication for zinc supplementation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Anaphylactic shock during elimination diets for severe atopic eczema.

Eighty patients with atopic eczema were treated with various elimination diets. Some or all foods were withdrawn then later reintroduced singly to the diet. In four patients reintroduction of a single food (soya, chicken, corn, cows' milk) caused anaphylactic shock. In two patients spontaneous recovery occurred but in two resuscitation and intensive care were required. Anaphylaxis is a definite hazard of these elimination diets. Other than warning the parents, practical precautions are difficult because of the unpredictability of violent reactions and uncertainty about the life saving efficacy of injected adrenaline.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1984

Nutritional hazards of elimination diets in children with atopic eczema.

The intake of nutrients over a five day period was studied in 23 children whose atopic eczema was being treated by the avoidance of multiple foods. The results were compared with those from 23 healthy control children not on a diet. Significantly low intakes of calcium were discovered in 13 patients but not in controls. Avoidance of multiple foods is potentially hazardous and requires continued paediatric and dietetic supervision.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Distribution and sex variation of the a-b ridge count.

A study of the distribution of the summed (right plus left) a-b ridge count in 1,000 normal subjects showed a significant deficit of counts at the two ends of the range. In males the distribution was significantly different from a normal distribution, but in females a similar trend did not reach statistical significance. No significant sex difference was found, although it is known that abnormal sex chromosome complements may affect the a-b ridge count. The influence of the sex chromosome complement on the a-b ridge count appears to be smaller than the effect of the sex chromosome complement on the total finger ridge count. The a-b ridge count is probably also less genetically determined than the total finger ridge count.

Dermatoglyphics↗