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Biomedical subjects

T Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to T Ishida.

At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Prevalence of antibody to adult T-cell leukemia virus-associated antigens (ATLA) in Japanese monkeys and other non-human primates.

The prevalence of adult T-cell-leukemia virus (ATLV) infection was examined in Japanese monkeys living naturally in various parts of Japan and in other species of non-human primates imported into and kept in Japan. Sera of 2,650 Japanese monkeys from 41 troops throughout Japan were tested. High incidences of anti-ATLV-associated antigen (ATLA)-positive monkeys were found in most troops, not only in the endemic area of human ATL(Southwestern Japan), but also in non-endemic areas. The incidence of sero-positive individuals increased gradually with age, reaching a maximum when the animals became adult, indicating age dependency, like that found by epidemiological studies on humans. Anti-ATLA antibodies were also detected in 90 of 815 sera of imported non-human primates of 33 species other than Japanese monkeys. All the anti-ATLA sero-positive monkeys were Catarrhines (Old World monkeys), mainly macaques of Asian origin. Some sero-positive monkeys were also found among animals of African origin, but no antibody was detected in Prosimians and Platyrrhines (New World monkeys). The clear-cut difference between the geographical distribution of sero-positive simians and that of humans indicates the improbability of direct transmission of ATLV from simians to humans.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

The emergency medical system in Japan.

In Japan, ambulance service was originated by the Osaka Branch Office of the Japan Red Cross in 1931. In 1933 the fire department organ of Yokohama started ambulance service. It was, however, without any legal requirements. Since the early 1960s, Japan has experienced a rapid development of industry and economy, so that traffic accidents have increased, necessitating a nationwide ambulance service system. In October 1961 the Director-General of the Fire Defense Agency organized the Fire Defense Council to study the problem of ambulance service. In response, the Fire Defense Act was amended in 1963, assigning ambulance service responsibilities to Fire Defense organs. During 1982 total ambulance runs numbered 2,125,447, and the total number of transported persons was 2,049,487. Response time is excellent in Japan. More than 50% of persons who called an ambulance could get help within five minutes. First-aid management was given to 56% of total transported persons. Of these, temperature regulation was most often administered, followed by oxygen inhalation, dressing, and hemostasis. Currently, 2,965 (91.1%) municipalities provide ambulance services to 98.3% of the population. The Japanese emergency medical system has serious problems, however, such as an inadequate number of general hospitals and a flood of nonemergent patients. To alleviate such problems, the Ministry of Health and Welfare developed the critical emergency transfer system in 1977.

Ambulances↗
PubMed1984

Community outbreak of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.

An outbreak of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in Kurashiki, Japan is described. This is the first conclusive report of a community outbreak of this microorganism. A total of 535 pupils, five teachers, and one food attendant contracted the organism. Causative organisms were detected in 19 out of 30 patients. All isolated strains belonged to serotype VA. Out of 653 sera of the pupils, 488 showed elevated agglutinin titers ranging from 1:80 to 1:1,280 or more within a period of 3 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Experimental psychological studies on schizophrenia: word-card distribution test and some psychological consideration.

An experiment was conducted on 150 subjects; 100 schizophrenic and 50 control subjects. Each subject was given 56 or 57 word-cards, which consisted of 5 Cards selves (I, me, myself, etc.), 4 or 6 Cards families (father, mother, etc.), 7 Cards bodies (head, eyes, etc.), 11 Cards detestable (snake, etc.) and others. These cards were to be distributed in three concentric circles according to the standard of importance for the subjects. The results for the schizophrenic group in comparison with those for the control group were: Fewer cards were distributed in the central circle. The number of the distributed Cards important was smaller for the central and larger for the outward circle, etc. The discussion on the results was carried out with regard to the inner structure of ego, the boundary between ego and the outer world and the flexibility of ego. The conclusion of the discussion is as follows: In schizophrenics, The boundaries among the inner region of ego diminish. The boundary between ego and the outer world diminishes. Ego loses its flexibility. Ego contracts.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hepatic extraction of exogenous insulin in depancreatized conscious dogs.

Hepatic and mesenteric extraction of exogenous insulin and glucose appearance and clearance were compared in conscious depancreatized and normal dogs after intraportal or peripheral intravenous insulin infusion. Portal vein insulin levels were higher, whereas arterial insulin levels were lower after intraportal compared with intravenous peripheral infusion of insulin. During the intraportal infusion of 1 and 2 mU X kg-1 X min-1 insulin, 40 +/- 3% of the insulin presented to the liver was extracted by that organ in the diabetic dogs, similar to the value obtained in normal dogs (39 +/- 5%). Hepatic extraction of insulin after intravenous peripheral infusion of that hormone was similar in normal and diabetic dogs and was not significantly different from intraportal infusion. Mesenteric extraction of insulin in the diabetic dogs (13 +/- 2%) was similar to the 19 +/- 3% in the normal animals. The blood sugar changes were similar after both routes of insulin infusion. Suppression of glucose appearance in diabetic dogs was also similar during both routes of infusion. Glucose clearance during the peripheral intravenous infusion of insulin in diabetic dogs was greater than during intraportal insulin. These findings indicate that hepatic extraction of exogenous insulin was similar in normal and depancreatized dogs and was not influenced by the different infusion routes. Suppression of glucose appearance in diabetic dogs was similar after both routes despite different portal vein insulin levels. The peripheral action of intravenous peripheral infused insulin in diabetic dogs was greater than that of intraportal insulin reflecting the higher arterial insulin levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effects of portal and peripheral venous insulin infusion on glucose production and utilization in depancreatized, conscious dogs.

The relation between portal vein insulin concentrations and suppression of hepatic glucose production, as well as peripheral venous insulin level and increase of peripheral glucose utilization, was compared in conscious, depancreatized, diabetic dogs after infusion of insulin at 0.25 and 0.5 mU/kg/min into either the portal system or the peripheral circulation. Glucose appearance and clearance was measured using [3-3H]-glucose. Before infusion of insulin, portal vein insulin concentrations were undetectable. The intraportal infusion of insulin at 0.25 mU/kg/min increased portal vein insulin to 16 +/- 1 microU/ml, significantly higher than the arterial concentration (9 +/- 1 microU/ml). Infusion of the same amount of insulin into a peripheral vein raised peripheral insulin levels to 14 +/- 1 microU/ml and portal vein concentrations to 12 +/- 1 microU/ml. When 0.5 mU/kg/min of insulin was infused into the portal system, the portal vein insulin level was 28 +/- 2 microU/ml and significantly greater than the arterial concentration (16 +/- 1 microU/ml). After the same amount of insulin was infused into a peripheral vein, the arterial insulin level was higher than that of the portal vein (25 +/- 1 microU/ml versus 20 +/- 1 microU/ml, respectively). The ensuing hypoglycemia was greater after the 0.5 mU/kg/min infusion compared with the 0.25 mU/kg/min infusion. At each dose there was no significant difference between the peripheral venous or the portal route.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Influence of long-term repetitive rotatostimulations on lateral semicircular canals.

Sixty-five guinea pigs were used to investigate the influence of rotatostimulations on the lateral crista ampullaris. After repeated turning stimulations with the cupulometric mode (the terminal turning velocity: 180 degrees/sec) for 24-72 hours, the morphological changes in the crista ampullaris on the ampullopetal flow side were compared with those on the ampullofugal flow side by using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Postrotatory nystagmus recorded by ENG during this experiment revealed the response decline phenomenon in all animals, and the caloric test performed after the rotatostimulation showed 'canal paresis' in the ear on the ampullopetal flow side. In a group stimulated for 24 hours, no particular damage on the crista ampullaris was noticed. However, in a group stimulated for 72 hours, local damage was dominant in the central part of the crista, which showed a tendency to extend towards the planum semilunatum according to an increment of changes. These findings were more remarkable on the ampullopetal flow side than on the ampullofugal flow side, suggesting the predominant effect of the ampullopetal endolymph flow in the lateral semicircular canal.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Changes of hormone receptor status in various treatment for human breast cancer and DMBA tumor of the rat].

Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) were measured by sucrose gradient centrifugation before and after various therapies, such as radiation, chemotherapy and hormone therapy. The subjects were 18 advanced or recurrent human breast cancers and 51 DMBA-induced mammary tumors of female SD rats. Changes of hormone receptors and the relationship between receptor levels and the effects of the therapies were examined. Changes of tumor cellularity were also studied in human breast cancers. Some ER-positive tumors changed into ER-negative and others did not. Most ER-negative tumors did not change in ER status. In the responsive cases, receptor levels tended to decline more remarkably and the cellularity of human breast cancer decreased.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1984

Breast carcinoma arising in cystosarcoma phyllodes: report of a case with a review of the literature.

An extremely rare case of coexistent carcinoma arising in a cystosarcoma phyllodes of the breast is reported. A 41-year-old Japanese woman was referred with a lump in the right breast. A tumor measuring 5.6 X 3.6 X 3.2 cm was removed by local excision. Histological examination revealed foci of papillo-tubular carcinoma within the benign cystosarcoma phyllodes. Radical mastectomy was performed and the axillary lymph nodes showed no metastasis. While 22 cases of coexistent carcinoma and cystosarcoma phyllodes in the same breast have been reported, in only nine of those cases, the carcinomas including this case have developed within the cystosarcoma phyllodes.

Adult↗