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Biomedical subjects

T Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to T Ishida.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

A seroepidemiological survey of HTLV-1 in the Philippines.

The prevalence of human T-lymphotropic retrovirus type-1 (HTLV-1) was examined in the Asian Pacific area to search for endemic foci outside Japan. A total of 1323 sera from healthy subjects in the Philippines including Filipino lowlanders, Mongoloid slash-and-burn agriculturalists and the Mongoloid aboriginal hunter-gatherers (Aeta group and Mamanwa group) were examined for the presence of antibodies to HTLV-1 by the indirect immunofluorescence test and by the Western blot technique using HTLV-1 carrying cells. Nineteen out of 20 HTLV-1 antibody carriers found in the present study are clustered in the Aeta group of Mongoloid aboriginal hunter-gatherers who have until recently been isolated in the remote mountainous areas of Luzon Island since their arrival in the Philippines during the last glacial era (12,000-15,000 years ago). This finding supports the theory that HTLV-1 originated in Mongoloid racial groups during prehistoric times.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Protein-fat interaction on serum cholesterol level, fatty acid desaturation and eicosanoid production in rats.

The combined effects of dietary protein (casein or soybean protein) and fat (palm olein or mold oil) on several lipid parameters were studied in rats. The fatty acid composition of the dietary fats was made comparable except for the proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids; mold oil contributed gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) at the expense of a portion of the linoleic acid in palm olein. When animals were fed casein rather than soybean protein, serum cholesterol levels were higher irrespective of the fat source, but it took a longer time to produce a significant difference when the dietary fat was mold oil. Soybean protein increased fecal steroid excretion, and mold oil tended to stimulate the excretion of neutral steroids. The ratio of arachidonate to linoleate in phosphatidylcholine from plasma, liver and thoracic aorta was markedly higher in the casein than in the soybean protein groups. Mold oil predictably improved a reduction of arachidonate by vegetable protein. The aortic production of prostacyclin was higher with mold oil than with palm olein irrespective of the protein source, although there was a trend toward a higher production with casein. No protein-fat interaction was observed on the concentration of plasma thromboxane B2. Thus GLA effectively modified metabolic consequences of dietary protein.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1988

A monoclonal antibody, KM10 reactive with human gastrointestinal cancer and its application for immunotherapy.

A monoclonal antibody, KM10 (IgG1) was produced by fusing spleen cells from a human gastric cancer cell (MKN45)-primed BALB/c mouse with the murine myeloma cell line X63-Ag8-653. The antibody reacted strongly with the plasma membrane of human gastrointestinal carcinoma. Sections of the malignant and benign tissues were tested with immunoperoxidase. All of 10 (100%) large intestinal cancers, 26 of 31 (84%) gastric cancers, 5 of 7 (71%) pancreatic cancers and all of 3 (100%) ampullary cancers reacted positively. Moderate or weak reactivity was observed with normal human tissues, hepatoma and carcinomas of mammary, thyroid and adrenal glands. According to a study of the distribution of 125I-labeled KM10 in nude mice bearing human gastric cancer, KM10 selectively localized in tumor tissue rather than normal tissue. Whole body autoradiography also supported such a selective distribution. Destruction of antigenic properties by pronase digestion demonstrated its protein nature and by Western blot analysis, it was identified as a protein with an Mr of 180-200 kd. KM10-adriamycin (ADM) conjugate was prepared via an oxidized dextran bridge and this immunoconjugate retained the binding activity against human gastric cancer. MKN45 cells were inoculated subcutaneously into athymic mice and intravenous treatment was begun when the tumor became measurable. A dose-dependent antitumor activity was observed in vivo with KM10-ADM conjugate, while this conjugate was less toxic than free ADM.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Hepatic extraction of somatostatin in conscious dogs.

Fractional hepatic extraction of endogenous somatostatin immunoreactivity was examined in conscious dogs with Doppler flow probes on the portal vein and hepatic artery and catheters in the portal and hepatic veins and carotid artery before and after induction of hypoglycemia by infusion of insulin. Insulin infusion (1 and 2 mU.kg-1.min-1) decreased arterial plasma glucose from 76 +/- 4 mg/dl to a nadir of 41 +/- 2 mg/dl. Basal portal vein somatostatin was 117 +/- 11 pg/ml, which was significantly greater than the 97 +/- 12 pg/ml in the hepatic vein (P less than 0.05) and 79 +/- 8 pg/ml in the carotid artery (P less than 0.05). Hypoglycemia significantly augmented portal vein somatostatin to 206 +/- 32 pg/ml with parallel increases in the hepatic vein and carotid artery. The mean basal fractional hepatic extraction of total somatostatin immunoreactivity was 9 +/- 6% and was unchanged during hypoglycemia (14 +/- 4%). Column chromatography of the portal vein somatostatin immunoreactivity in the basal period yielded three peaks with most of the material eluting with somatostatin-14 and the void volume. Very little somatostatin-28 was detected. There was very little hepatic extraction of the void volume material while approximately 50% of somatostatin-14 was removed by that organ. After insulin-induced hypoglycemia, there was the greatest percent increase in somatostatin-28 and a doubling of somatostatin-14 and the void volume material. Most of the somatostatins-14 and -28 were removed by the liver, while extraction of the void volume material was negligible.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Biotransformation of 1,4-cineole, a monoterpene ether.

1. The metabolism of 1,4-cineole, a monoterpene ether, was studied in the rabbit. 2. Four neutral and one acidic metabolites were isolated from the urine and shown to be 9-hydroxy-1,4-cineole, 3,8-dihydroxy-1,4-cineole, 8,9-dihydroxy-1,4-cineole, 1,4-cineole-8-en-9-ol and 1,4-cineole-9-carboxylic acid.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Cholesterol levels and eicosanoid production in rats fed phosphatidylinositol or soybean lecithin.

Male young rats were fed 8% corn oil diets supplemented either with 2% phosphatidylinositol (PI) from safflower seeds or soybean lecithin (SL) for 22 days. Other groups of rats were fed 10% corn oil diets with or without (control) 0.3% inositol (IN, equivalent to the inositol moiety of the PI diet). The plasma cholesterol level was low in the SL group whereas liver triglyceride was low in all supplemented groups. The aortic production of prostacyclin tended to be high in rats fed the control diet and low in rats fed the SL diet, the PI and IN groups being intermediate. The concentration of plasma thromboxane B2 was comparable among various groups. In plasma and liver phosphatidylcholine, the ratio of arachidonate/linoleate was low in rats fed SL and high in rats fed PI or IN diets. The results indicate that, in addition to SL, the inositol moiety of PI may have a significant role in the regulation of lipid metabolism.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1988

Establishment of primate lymphoblastic cell lines by coculture with a simian T-cell leukemia virus-1 positive, hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase negative Japanese macaque cell line.

A cell line (JAMH17+) resistant to 8-azaguanine was established from a human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 related virus (simian T-cell leukemia virus-1) positive Japanese macaque cell line. Lymphoblastic cell lines were established from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of humans, hominoids, and several species of macaques by coculture with JAMH17+ in hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine medium. HTLV-1 specific antigen was detected in some of the established cell lines. Phenotypic analysis showed that several cell lines of crab-eating macaques expressed Leu11a antigen, which is a marker of human natural killer cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism among five Asian populations.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms were detected using 13 restriction enzymes on the total DNA obtained from blood samples of five Asian populations: Japanese and Ainu of northern Japan, Korean, Negrito (Aeta) of the Philippines, and Vedda of Sri Lanka. Of a total of 28 restriction-enzyme morphs detected, eight had not been reported previously. By combining the morphs, we were able to classify mtDNAs of 243 individuals into 20 mtDNA types. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum parsimony and genetic distance methods both showed that the Japanese, Ainu, and Korean populations were closely related to each other. Aeta was found to show a relatively close relationship to these three populations, confirming the conclusion from previous studies of blood markers. In contrast, Vedda was quite different from the other four populations.

Asia↗
PubMed1988

Two cases of lipid-secreting carcinoma of the breast: case reports with an electron microscopic study.

Two very rare cases of lipid-secreting carcinoma of the breast are reported, together with a review of the literature. Both patients were Japanese women aged 70 and 81 years, respectively. In each, a mass had been found in the breast, and radical mastectomies were performed based on a diagnosis of breast cancer at an early clinical stage. Both resected tumors were found to be solid and localized. In them, both estrogen and progesterone receptors were negative. Microscopically, hematoxylin-eosin staining showed the tumor cells to have foamy and vacuolated eosinophilic cytoplasm. Lipid staining showed the vesicles in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells to be colored a flaming red and consequently recognized as lipid droplets. An electron-microscopic study showed that the tumor cells contained various sizes of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm with no degenerative changes, and suggested that these lipid droplets were produced and stored in the tumor cells. It would appear, from the literature that lipid-secreting carcinomas have aggressive clinical courses, but neither vascular invasion nor lymph node metastasis was seen in either of our two cases.

Aged↗