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Biomedical subjects

T Imamura

Publications and source records attributed to T Imamura.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Frequency and distribution of structural variants of hemoglobin and thalassemic states in Western Japan.

Hemolysates from 100,000 people who visited the Kyushu University Hospital and affiliated hospitals during the past 15 years were screened for hemoglobinopathies using electrophoresis on thin-layer starch gel; those exhibiting an abnormality were characterized further on clinical, biochemical, and genetic grounds. Of about 97,000 adult and 3,140 cord blood samples, 29 contained electrophoretically detectable abnormalities in the heterozygous condition. Another 17 samples had quantitative changes in the levels of the minor hemoglobin components. Of the thalassemic conditions, 12 involved beta-thalassemia, 3 alpha-thalassemia, 1 delta beta-thalassemia, and 1 delta-thalassemia. Among 45 carriers of beta-thalassemia from 12 families, 5 were noted to have thalassemia intermedia since they exhibited much more severe hemolytic syndromes than those with typical beta-thalassemia minor. The frequency with which we could detect a structural variant of Hb A in the adults by electrophoresis was one in 3,800 samples. About one in 8,000 carried a beta-thalassemia gene.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Transit patterns of marker compounds given by segmented retrograde intrabiliary injection (SRII) in the isolated in situ perfused rat liver.

The mode of transfer of solutes across the biliary tree epithelium in the reabsorptive direction was studied by the segmented retrograde intrabiliary injection technique in isolated perfused liver of rats. The main purpose was to study the pattern of transit of the radioactive marker compounds through the liver into the venous perfusate. The perfusate was collected as a single pass. All of the marker compounds were quantitatively accounted for in the bile and the perfusate. The apparent volumes of distribution of dextran and sucrose were smaller than that for erythritol. Mannitol was similar to erythritol. The mean transit times were correspondingly: dextran congruent to sucrose < mannitol congruent to erythritol. Dehydrocholate (100 mumol/kg) had no effect on these parameters, but taurocholate (100 mumol/kg) increased the mean transit time for sucrose. This effect was probably related to an increase in biliary tree permeability produced by taurocholate. The present approach appeared to be useful in assessing hepatobiliary function and its alteration by allowing the transit patterns of compounds to be determined in passing from bile through the liver to the blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Site of action of dehydrocholate in inhibiting the biliary excretion of morphine in the isolated in situ perfused rat liver.

Even though dehydrocholate (DHC) produced an intense choleresis, we found in the rat that the biliary excretion of morphine was inhibited by DHC. The site of action for this inhibitory effect of DHC was investigated in isolated perfused livers in conjunction with intraportal and segmented retrograde intrabiliary injecton of [14C]morphine and [14C]morphine glucuronide (MG). After segmented retrograde intrabiliary injection of morphine, DHC treatment was shown to decrease the amount of MG recovered in bile but increase the amount of MG which appeared in the blood perfusate. That this effect was due to DHC affecting the transport of MG rather than inhibition of the metabolic conjugation of morphine to MG was directly demonstrated. DHC reduced the recovery of MG in bile after administration of MG by SRII. Also in vivo, DHC decreased the recovery of bile of MG give, i.v. DHC produced no consistent effect on the apparent volume of distribution and transit time for morphine and MG and no effect on these transfer parameters for morphine-3-ethereal sulfate. Thus, the effect of DHC can with some degree of specificity be ascribed to an effect on the transport of MG from liver to bile.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A new mode of action of SKD 525-A on morphine disposition studied by segmented retrograde intrabiliary injection (SRII) in the isolated in situ perfused rat liver.

The effect of SKF-525-A on the disposition of morphine given by segmented retrograde intrability injection (SRII) was studied in the isolated in situ perfused livers of Sprague-Dawley male rats. SRII of morphine repeated after treatment SKF 525-A (20 mg/kg b. wt. intraportally) showed decreased recovery of morphine glucuronide (MG) in the bile and in the venous outflow. On the other hand, morphine in the venous outflow was increased. Thus, SKF 525-A decreased the total recovery (bile plus venous outflow) of MG. The results after intraportal administration of morphine were consistent with these observations by SRII. These results might indicate inhibition of conjugation by SKF 525-A. However, a similar effect of SKF 525-A was obtained when MG was given by either route. These latter results were interpreted to mean tht SKF 252-A affected a translocation process for MG. Analysis of the liver after the SRII of MG indicated that SKF 525-A caused a 10-fold increase in retention of MG in the liver. Based on the cumulative venous outflow curves, the difference in apparent volumes of distribution, Q, indicated that morphine was taken up by hepatocytes beyond the mannitol, total liver water (intra- and extracellular) space and SKF 525-A decreased this apparent volume of distribution of morphine. Also, SKF 525-A increased the apparent volume of distribution of MG. The mean transit time of morphine was not altered by SKF 525-A whereas that of MG became longer. The evidence indicated that SKF 525-A decreased the egress of MG from liver, a newly recognized mode of action of SKF 525-A.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Short rib-polydactyly syndrome, Majewski type, in two male siblings.

Two male siblings with a short rib-polydactyly syndrome, Majewski type (Majewski syndrome), are reported. To our knowledge, the present report is the first one of siblings each confirmed to be affected by Majewski syndrome, and it may therefore contribute to establishing the mode of inheritance.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

Disseminated intravascular coagulation in autopsy cases. Its incidence and clinicopathologic significance.

In a study of 1729 consecutive autopsies, the histopathologic diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) confirmed by the presence of microthrombi in more than two organs was made in 51 cases. Among them, 38 cases (74.5%) were clinically not suspected of having DIC. Microthrombi were most frequent in the kidneys, followed by the lungs, spleen, adrenals, heart, brain, and liver, in descending order of frequency. Furthermore, a wide variety of visceral lesions was another important histologic feature of DIC. Kidney lesions assumed a position of prime importance, and special attention was given to the high frequency of acute renal failure due to so-called acute tubular necrosis and bilateral renal cortical necrosis. Infections, often associated with shock, and malignancies were the most common underlying causes of DIC. DIC is a frequent, often fatal pathophysiologic condition complicating many disorders. The true incidence of DIC at autopsy may be higher. It should be noted that demonstration of microthrombi and visceral alterations related to intravascular clotting is important for the evaluation of cases suspected of having DIC.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1979

High-speed gel filtration of polypeptides in sodium dodecyl sulfate.

The separation of polypeptides treated with SDS was studied using G3000SW packing prepared from silica for high-speed gel filtration. The peaks of ovalbumin, chymotrypsinogen A, cytochrome c, aprotinin, and insulin B chain were completely separated in the presence of 0.1% SDS and 0.05 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). A plot of the logarithm of molecular weight of polypeptides versus Kd was linear over a molecular weight range of 3,000 to 50,000 at the above concentrations of SDS and sodium phosphate. The slopes of the plots of log molecular weight versus Kd depend to a significant extent on the concentration of the sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0).

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1979

Osteomalacic myopathy.

Muscles from two cases of osteomalacia were studied histochemically and electron-microscopically. Histopathological finding were common in these two cases. There are (1) myopathic changes such as scattered muscle fiber atrophy, necrosis, and internal uuclei, (2) derangement of intermyofibrillar network. and (3) type II fiber atrophy. Electron-microscopical finding corresponded well with light microscopical findings. These are distinct pathological features and deserves to be called osteomalacic myopathy. As the pathogenetic mechanism of this myopathy, phosphate depletion in the muscle cells resulting in disturbed glycolysis, and decreased vitamin D effects on muscle cells resulting in diminished calcium uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum, are considered to be the most important two factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Typical and atypical osteosarcomas: a clinicopathologic study of sixty-two cases.

Of 62 cases of histologically confirmed osteosarcomas, 50 long bone cases aged under 30 years were grouped as "typical" osteosarcoma, and the other 4 long bone cases and 8 short and flat bone cases were grouped as "atypical" osteosarcoma. Gross and microscopic findings of the lesions, postmortem findings, and survival of the patients were compared between the two groups. Small round cell-type tumor cells and relatively well-differentiated foci resembling osteoblastoma were more often found in the atypical than in the typical osteosarcomas. Although patterns of metastasis were not very different between the two groups, 2 of 6 autopsied short and flat bone cases showed no metastasis. Five-year survival rates of both groups were similar, each about 25%. Six patients of the typical and only one of the atypical osteosarcomas are alive without recurrence more than 6 years after amputation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Human lung cancer cell line (KSNY) producing colony-stimulating activity which affects both human and mouse marrow cells.

A cell line (KSNY) in vitro, which produces colony-stimulating activity (CSA) for human and mouse marrow cells, has been established. A biopsy was performed on the tumor mass of a lung cancer patient who had developed extensive leucocytosis. A piece of the tumor was transplanted to a nude mouse. The seconarily transplanted mice, in turn, developed extensive leucocytosis. The mouse tumor was then removed and placed in culture bottles. To date, the KSNY cells have been maintained in vitro continuously for 15 months. By the use of a methylcellulose bone-marrow colony-formation technique, a high level of CSA in the supernatant of the tumor cell culture was recognized. Doubling time of the cell line is 46 hr. The modal chromosome number is 52, ranging from 45 to 106.

Animals↗