Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T Iida.
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Proton magnetic resonance (PMR) signals were assigned to each of the methyl groups for a variety of C-3 oxygenated 4-monomethyl, 6-monomethyl, 4, 4-dimethyl, and 2, 2-dimethyl steroids related to 5alpha-cholestane series. The effects of various substituents (i.e. methyls at C-4, C-6, or C-2, functional groups at C-3, and unsaturated bonds) on the methyl proton resonances have been derived from the assignment. The application of such data to structural and stereochemical problems has also been discussed.
The proton magnetic resonance (PMR) spectra were measured in deuterochloroform (CDC13) and pyridine solutions for some 4-desmethyl, 4alpha-methyl, 4beta-methyl, and 4,4-dimethyl sterols related to 5alpha-cholestane series as well as for their C-3-oxo derivatives. The influence of pyridine, relative to CDC13, on methyl group chemical shifts was discusssed. The technique utilizing pyridine-induced solvent shifts in PMR spectroscopy was found useful in characterizing the individual classes of sterols.
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The structures of seldomycin factors 1 and 2 have been determined by consideration of chemical degradation and spectral properties. Factor 1, also known as XK-88-1, is shown to be 6-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-xylopyranosyl) paromamine (1) and factor 2, also known as XK-88-2, is shown to be 4'-deoxy-neamine (2). Mass spectral evidence has been obtained that suggests the most probable structure for seldomycin factor 3, also known as XK-88-3, is 6'-amino-6'-deoxyseldomycin factor 1 (12).
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Acidic glycosaminoglycans in the ground substance of the membranous cochlear lateral wall, kidney, brain and liver of the guinea pigs were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed, using electrophoretic microanalysis. The lateral wall of the cochlea showed highest content (0.46 +/- 0.08%/D.W.) of acidic glycosmainoglycans, which were chondroitin sulfate-B (75%), chondroitin sulfate-A (12%) and hyaluronic acid (13%). However, the pattern of these acidic glycosaminoglycans in the inner ear differed from the other organs. A possible role of acidic glycosaminoglycans in the inner ear was discussed.
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The new antibiotic, XK-90, produced by Streptomyces sp. is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The structure has been determined as N-acetyl-N'-(3-formyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)hydrazine (1) and is the second example of a naturally occurring antibiotic having the phenylhydrazine skeleton.
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The deltaRAc-values, i.e., ratios of retention data for sterol acetates to those for the corresponding free sterols, were determined for fourteen 4-desmethylsterols, seven 4-monomethylsterols and twenty-two 4,4-dimethylsterols on SE-30, OV-17, QF-1 and HiEFF-8B stationary phases. The QF-1 phase is found sperior to the others in affording the values which are the most effective for differentiation between the three sterol groups. Within the same sterol group, the values for individual sterol members on any of the stationary phases differ to some extent due to minor variations in their skeletal structure. These differences are useful for distinguishing individual members of the same sterol group differing in their skeletal structure, particularly in the position of double bond. The relative deltaRAc-values, i.e., ratios of deltaRAc-values of individual sterols to the deltaRAc-value of a standard sterol, are found almost independent upon the operating conditions of gas liquid chromatography and may be regarded as a characteristic value of sterols on one and the same stationary phase.
Among various metabolic inhibitors tested, only 2, 4-dinitrophenol inhibited the growth of Bordetella pertussis in chick tracheal organ culture at concentrations nontoxic both for bacterial organisms and for ciliary motility of the tracheal fragments. Although this effect of 2, 4-dinitrophenol was reversible in its early stage, longer treatment with this inhibitor resulted in an irreversible inhibition of bacterial growth due to secondary damage of the tracheal fragments. From these observations, it was postulated that the energy required for bacterial growth might be derived from cellular metabolism sensitive to inhibition with 2, 4-dinitrophenol.