Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Honma

Publications and source records attributed to T Honma.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Possible role of apoptotic cells of the oral epithelium in the pathogenesis of aphthous ulceration.

Electron microscopic examination of the normal oral mucosa of patients with recurrent aphthous ulceration or Behçet's syndrome revealed that the degenerate dark prickle cells are apoptotic cells. Such dark prickle cells showed characteristic findings of apoptosis, such as the shrinkage of nucleus and cytoplasm and the formation of contraction vacuoles. The number of intraepithelial mononuclear cells phagocytosing apoptotic cellular debris increased remarkably at the preulcerative stage of the aphthous lesions. The apoptotic debris also attracted neutrophilic leukocytes in the prickle cell layer at the preulcerative stage but not in the normal oral epithelium. It is speculated that the onset of aphthous ulceration is closely related to phagocytosis of these apoptotic cells by intraepithelial mononuclear cells.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Neurotoxicity and metabolism of methyl bromide in rats.

Changes in locomotor activity, body temperature, and body weight gain, and the enhancement of thiopental-induced sleep were investigated in rats as indices of the functional changes in the CNS caused by methyl bromide (CH3Br) exposure. The correlations of these behavioral changes with CH3Br metabolism are discussed. The LC50 value and its 95% confidence limits for an 8-hr exposure of CH3Br was 302 ppm (267-340) ppm. Effects were examined following exposure to 63, 125, 188, or 250 ppm CH3Br for 8 hr. CH3Br concentrations as low as 63 ppm remarkably enhanced the sleep-inducing potency of thiopental, but CH3Br exerted no effect on thiopental metabolism. The body temperature and body weight gain were decreased at exposure to concentrations of 125 ppm or higher, and locomotor activity was reduced at 188 ppm or higher. These effects were reversible and, at 24 hr after the exposure, locomotor activity and body temperature were almost the same as in control rats. In a time-course study of CH3Br, bromine, and methyl alcohol, CH3Br was rapidly eliminated from rat tissues following the cessation of exposure, with a half-life of about 30 min in the early post-exposure period. In contrast, the elimination rate of bromine was very slow, with a half-life about 5 days. The methanol amount was below that reported to induce the changes in CNS functions. These results suggest that the CNS depression caused by CH3Br exposure may be due to the CH3Br molecule or the methyl moiety incorporated into tissues and may not be attributable to bromine or methanol. A linear relationship was obtained between bromine amounts in blood and the exposure concentration or duration. This result suggests the possibility that the extent of CH3Br exposure may be estimated from the bromine quantities in blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Synergic effect of cisplatin, Adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

61 patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer were treated by combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide. 23 patients received radiotherapy in addition to the chemotherapy. 49 out of 55 adequately treated patients were evaluable for tumor response. Of 29 patients who received chemotherapy alone, 6 (21%) achieved partial responses. Of 20 patients who received combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy, 16 (80%) achieved complete or partial responses. The median survival time was 18 months for 22 patients treated with combined therapies.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Phase II study of VP-16 (capsule) in solid tumors. A cooperative study].

A phase II study of VP-16, a semisynthetic Podophyllotoxin, was performed in patients with solid tumors. VP-16 was administered orally at a dose of 200mg/day for 5 consecutive days at 3 to 4-week intervals. Out of 41 patients who were entered into the study, 35 patients comprising 17 lung cancer, 10 hepatoma and 8 other tumors were evaluable. There were 4 partial responses (23.5%) for lung cancer, 1 (10.0%) for hepatoma and 1 for rhabdomyosarcoma. Overall response rate was 18.2% for patients with prior chemotherapy and 15.4% for those given no prior chemotherapy respectively. Thus the results indicated VP-16 has no cross-resistance to other antitumor agents. Leukopenia (less than 4,000/mm3) and thrombocytopenia (less than 10 X 10(4)/mm3) were observed in 72.7% and 29.4% of the patients, respectively. Other toxicities were alopecia (59.5%) and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea (46.2%), vomiting (20.5%) and anorexia (20.5%), but these were all well tolerated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Analysis of human sera obtained from lung cancer patients by two-dimensional electrophoresis after schizophyllan (SPG) treatment].

Schizophyllan (SPG) was administered to 13 lung cancer patients (i.m. 20mg X 2/week) for 3 weeks without chemo or irradiation therapies, and serum proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis (TDE). Additionally, immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) was quantitatively determined by single radial immunodiffusion (SRID). By TDE analysis, human serum proteins were separated into more than 100 spots, and about 14 spots were found to show quantitative changes in cancer patients. Quantitative examination was therefore conducted on changes of 8 components among these spots, including alpha 1-acidic glycoprotein (alpha 1 AG), acidic alpha 2-macroglobulin (acidic alpha 2 M), haptoglobin (Hp) and IAP. The protein which showed the most marked decrease in cancer patients, located between transferrin and IgG on the above TDE patterns, was ascertained to have a molecular weight of about 150,000 using a gel filtration method. This protein was increased in 7 of 13 patients after SPG treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Changes in acetylcholine metabolism in rat brain after a short-term exposure to toluene and n-hexane.

To clarify the effects of organic solvents on the central nervous system (CNS), we exposed rats to toluene or n-hexane gas or a mixture of the two compounds at 1000-8000 ppm for 8 h, and measured acetylcholine (ACh) content, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activities in homogenized rat hippocampus. ACh was increased at low concentrations of the solvents, but was markedly reduced at high concentrations. ChAT activity was significantly reduced at high concentrations of solvent mixtures. AChE activity was increased by solvents. We concluded that both the decrease in ChAT activity and the increase in AChE activity were the cause of the decrease in ACh content.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1983

Changes in free amino acid contents of rat brain induced by exposure to methyl bromide.

Rats were exposed to methyl bromide (MB) for 24 h at 10-120 ppm or for 3 weeks at 1-10 ppm. Changes in free amino acid contents of rat midbrain were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). MB increased glutamine and aspartic acid contents dose-dependently by short-and long-term exposure. Alanine content was markedly increased by long-term exposure to 10 ppm MB. Glycine was dose-dependently increased, except at 120 ppm. The harmful effect of MB on the central nervous system is discussed in relation to the changes in amino acid metabolism.

Amino Acids↗