Measurement of e+e- annihilation at rest into four gamma rays.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
T Hirose
Publications and source records attributed to T Hirose.
Continuous anti-dsDNA antibody apheresis in systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Adult↗
Effect of retinoic acid on proliferation of estrogen-responsive transformed murine Leydig cells in serum-free culture.
B-1 F cells, one of the sublines established from mouse Leydig cell tumor, have been found to be maintained as an estrogen-responsive cell line under the serum-free culture conditions. Reported results that retinoids have action mechanisms similar to those of estrogen prompted us to examine the effect of retinoids on the proliferation of B-1 F cells. Stimulation of B-1 F cell growth by retinoic acid in a dose-dependent manner was observed, whereas retinoic acid did not promote but inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells (estrogen- and retinoic acid receptor-positive human breast cancer cells). To elucidate the mechanism of retinoic acid-dependent cell growth, simultaneous treatment with retinoic acid and estradiol was carried out. The result did not show the additive effect on B-1 F cell growth. Hydroxytamoxifen, a potent antiestrogen, inhibited not only estradiol-dependent but also retinoic acid-dependent cell growth. However, retinoic acid failed to be associated with estrogen receptor, suggesting that retinoic acid induced enhancement of B-1 cell growth through its interaction with retinoic acid receptor. Northern blot analyses of polyadenylated RNA with complementary DNA probes for human retinoic acid receptor alpha, beta, and gamma revealed the presence of transcripts encoded by retinoic acid receptor alpha gene in B-1 F cells. These results would suggest that enhancement of the B-1 F cell growth is mediated through interaction of retinoic acid with retinoic acid receptor alpha. This stimulatory activity is inhibited by estrogen receptor complexed with hydroxytamoxifen.
Animals↗
Selective purification of sex-influenced esterase from rat serum by immunoaffinity chromatographies.
Sex-influenced esterase (ES-SI) is a female-specific serum esterase of rats. There are two alleles at the Es-Si locus, Es-Sia coding for ES-SI and Es-Sib, a silent allele. ES-SI was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the serum of adult female SI3 rats by a four-step purification. First, albumin was removed from the serum by Blue-Sepharose CL-6B affinity chromatography. Sera of rats carrying Es-Sia and Es-Sib were utilized to make two novel immunoaffinity columns. Rat anti-(ES-SI) alloantibody was obtained after the immunization of rats carrying Es-Sib with rat ES-SI-positive serum. ES-SI bound to the gel in this antibody-conjugated affinity chromatography. Simultaneously, rabbit anti-(rat serum protein lacking ES-SI) antibody was raised against ES-SI-negative rat serum and used to exclude other serum proteins. ES-SI was recovered in the flow-through fractions in this antibody-conjugated immunoaffinity chromatography, whereas the other serum proteins bound to the gel. ES-SI was selectively purified about 240-fold by combining these immunoaffinity chromatographies. This combination is a very powerful technique for purification of the protein. Finally, ES-SI was purified by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after which it appeared as a single protein band (using silver staining) on SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with a molecular mass of 72 kDa. In the ordinary estimation of enzyme purification, the purification of ES-SI was 30-fold at most, because the specific activity of the enzyme was calculated from the bulky esterase activity. However, ES-SI was selectively purified 2280-fold comparing its recovery to that of total protein. ES-SI exhibited a pI of 4.6 and optimum pH of 6.7. The activity of ES-SI was completely inhibited by diisopropyl fluorophosphate at 10 nM but not at all by eserine.
Animals↗
Ethacrynic acid-induced convulsions and brain noradrenaline in mice.
The intracerebroventricular injection of ethacrynic acid (a 50% convulsive dose; 50 micrograms/mouse) accelerated brain noradrenaline turnover and decreased noradrenaline contents. The decrease in noradrenaline contents was antagonized by 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate but not by diazepam. Both 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate and diazepam suppressed the incidence of ethacrynic acid-induced convulsions while reserpine, alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine or FLA-63 augmented it. The results suggest that stimulation by ethacrynic acid of excitatory amino acid neurons enhances-noradrenergic neuronal anticonvulsive activity.
Animals↗
Simultaneous pattern reversal ERG and VER recordings. Effect of stimulus field and central scotoma.
The effects of the sizes of the stimulus field and of an artificially created central scotoma on simultaneously recorded pattern-reversal electroretinogram (P-ERG) and pattern-reversal visual-evoked response (P-VER) were investigated. With an increase in the stimulus field from 4 degrees X 4 degrees to 12 degrees X 12 degrees, the amplitude of the P-ERG increased steadily. The amplitude of the P-VER also showed an increase up to a stimulus field of 6 degrees X 6 degrees or 8 degrees X 8 degrees, but showed no increase with further expansion of the stimulus field. A central scotoma, created by placing a square of black paper at the center of the 12 degrees X 12 degrees stimulus field, was increased from 4 degrees X 4 degrees to 10 degrees X 10 degrees by 2-degree increments. Amplitudes of both the P-ERG and the P-VER decreased with increasing central scotoma size. The P-VER decreased significantly with a 4 degrees X 4 degrees central scotoma. Although both the P-ERG and the P-VER were influenced by the overall stimulus field and the central scotoma, there was a distinct difference in their behavior. The P-VER showed saturation above a certain stimulus field size and, with a central scotoma of 4 degrees X 4 degrees, much more reduction than the P-ERG, suggesting that the P-VER depends more on the macular area than does the P-ERG. The P-ERG also exhibited a substantial macular dependency, which, however, was not as great as that of the P-VER. The greater macular dependency of the P-VER compared to the P-ERG, as observed in our study, reflects the larger anatomic representation of the macula at the higher visual level.
Adult↗
Characterization of human monocytic cell line, U937, in taking up acetylated low-density lipoprotein and cholesteryl ester accumulation. A flow cytometric and HPLC study.
The uptake of LDL and acetylated LDL and the ability of cholesteryl ester accumulation by cells of a human monocytic cell line, U937, has been characterized by flow cytometric assay using a fluorescent probe, DiI, and by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The increase of mean fluorescence intensity of U937 incubated with DiI-labeled lipoproteins demonstrates that this cell line could incorporate DiI-AcLDL, as well as DiI-labeled LDL. Competition and saturation studies indicate that the manner of taking up DiI-AcLDL is receptor-mediated. While differentiated U937 incubated with 16 nM phorbol myristate acetate for 24 h took up little DiI-AcLDL, HPLC analysis confirmed that intracellular free and esterified cholesterols significantly increase in the U937 cells incubated with AcLDL or LDL. The ability of mouse peritoneal macrophage to abundantly accumulate at least five kinds of cholesteryl ester were also shown in this analysis. In contrast, in U937 cells, free fatty acids are incorporated into various substances rather than into cholesteryl esters (as revealed by HPLC analysis), so that the cholesterol in AcLDL taken up by U937 cells is not synthesized into cholesteryl esters to any great extent.
Acetylation↗
[A case of type II Bartter syndrome with prominent bilateral kidney calculi].
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Adult↗
Cytoskeletal characteristics of myofibroblasts in benign neoplastic and reactive fibroblastic lesions.
The characteristics of the cytoskeleton of myofibroblasts were examined immunohistochemically in 10 extra-abdominal desmoid tumours, 3 palmar and 2 plantar fibromatoses and 5 nodular fasciitis; in the cultured cells of one desmoid tumour, and also ultrastructurally in 3 desmoid tumours. Polyclonal anti-desmin antibody reacted with the cells in 7 extra-abdominal desmoid tumours, 1 palmar fibromatosis, 1 plantar fibromatosis and 3 nodular fasciitis. Monoclonal antidesmin antibody reacted with cells in only 2 desmoid tumours. Desmin-positive spindle cells were scattered throughout these lesions. There were no marked ultrastructural differences between desmin-positive and desmin-negative desmoids. All specimens except one specimen of nodular fasciitis showed immunoreactivity for alpha-smooth muscle actin and vimentin. Muscle actin-positive cells were observed in all specimens. Cultured cells gave positive reactions with polyclonal desmin antibody as well as to vimentin antibodies and two preparations of actin antibodies, whereas the original tumour did not react with desmin antibody. The present studies suggested that the cytoskeleton of some myofibroblasts in both neoplastic and reactive lesions resembles that of smooth muscle cells.
Actins↗
Identification of unoccupied but transformed nuclear estrogen receptor in cultured mouse Leydig cell.
The molecular forms of estrogen receptor (ER) in estrogen-responsive mouse Leydig cell line (B-1) have been examined in relation to their biological activity. ER was predominantly recovered in the nuclear fraction upon homogenization even after cells were precultured in the absence of E2 and Phenol Red. This unoccupied nuclear ER (ERn) whose hormone binding ability was extremely thermostable could be extracted with 0.4 M KCl. This stability enabled us to determine hydrodynamic parameters in the ligand-free condition. The Stokes radius and sedimentation constant of this ERn in high salt condition were 5.5 nm and 6.0S, respectively, resulting in its molecular weight of 140,000. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of ER labeled with [3H]tamoxifen aziridine gave a single band of 65,000 Da, indicating that this ERn had a oligomer structure similar to that of transformed nuclear ER complexed with estrogen in the putative target cells. Therefore, we further examined the possibility that this ERn in B-1 cells can activate estrogen-responsive genes without any aid from estrogen. Estrogen responsive element-thymidine kinase promoter-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase fusion gene (ERE-tk-CAT) was transfected into B-1 cells. CAT activity was enhanced only in cells stimulated with estrogen. It may be concluded from these results that transformed ERn can be formed in the absence of estrogen but that binding to estrogen may be required in order to exert its biological activity.
Animals↗
Cytoskeletal properties of alveolar soft part sarcoma.
The immunohistochemical expression of cytoskeletal proteins in alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) was studied by light and electron microscopy. Of the five cases examined by the avidinbiotin-peroxidase complex method, variable numbers of immunoreactive cells for desmin were found in three, for vimentin in two, for muscle-specific actins in three, and for alpha-smooth muscle actin in four. Immunoelectron microscopic study demonstrated that desmin and vimentin were localized on whorled bundles of intermediate filaments in the perinuclear cytoplasm. In addition, a few dispersed intermediate filaments became evident in specimens treated with saponin and fixed with tannic acid. These immunohistochemical results indicate that a few tumor cells of ASPS may express some properties of the cytoskeleton of smooth muscle cells in addition to those of skeletal muscle cells. Considering the discrepancies reported in the actin isoforms demonstrated in myogenic tumors, we conclude that ASPS is probably a peculiar, primitive myogenic tumor that does not show any distinctive features of rhabdomyogenic or leiomyogenic differentiation.
Actins↗
Pre-junctional inhibitory action of prostaglandin E2 on excitatory neuro-effector transmission in the human bronchus.
The effects of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and indomethacin on excitatory neuro-effector transmission in the human bronchus were investigated by tension recording and microelectrode methods. PGE2 (10(-10)-10(-9)M) suppressed the amplitude of twitch contractions and excitatory junction potentials (e.j.ps) evoked by field stimulation at a steady level of basal tension obtained by the combined application of indomethacin (10(-5) M) and FPL55712 (10(-6) M). In doses over 10(-8)M, PGE2 reduced the muscle tone and dose-dependently suppressed the amplitude of twitch contractions. Indomethacin (10(-5) or 5 x 10(-5) M) reduced the muscle tone and enhanced the amplitude of twitch contractions and e.j.ps evoked by field stimulation in the presence of FPL55712. PGE2 (10(-9) M) had no effect on the post-junctional response of smooth muscle cells to exogenously applied acetylcholine (ACh) (4 x 10(-7) M). However, indomethacin (10(-5) M) significantly enhanced the ACh-induced contraction of the human bronchus. These results indicate that PGE2 in low concentrations has a pre-junctional action to inhibit excitatory neuro-effector transmission in addition to a post-junctional action, presumably by suppressing transmitter release from the vagus nerve terminals in the human bronchial tissues.
Bronchi↗
Anterior segment evaluation of infants with retinopathy of prematurity.
To understand the mechanisms of glaucoma in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), anterior segment evaluation is essential. The authors prospectively examined the anterior segment of 27 eyes of 17 premature infants with stages IV and V ROP. Twenty-six eyes received no previous surgery or treatment. Schiøtz and applanation tonometry were performed. Structural evaluation of each anterior segment was conducted by biomicroscopy and Koeppe gonioscopy. In the 26 eyes, angle closure of greater than 180 degrees was noted in 3 (12%). The authors noted prominent Schwalbe's line in 4 eyes (15%), high iris convexity in 15 (58%), hypopigmentation of the iris root in 19 (73%), translucent matrix in the angles ("Barkan's-type" membrane) in 18 (69%), posterior synechiae in 16 (62%), visible iris or angle vessels in 12 (46%), and pigment clumping in the angle recess in 12 (46%). This study identified structural abnormalities in the anterior segment of ROP infants, including pathologic changes and anatomic features that could have a developmental origin.
Anterior Eye Segment↗
Lower eyelid reconstruction with an orbicularis oculi musculocutaneous transposition flap and a conchal cartilage graft.
A case of reconstruction of the lower eyelid with the combination of an orbicularis oculi musculocutaneous transposition flap as the covering flap and a free conchal cartilage graft as the lining is presented. It is believed that this combination gives an excellent result for the reconstruction of the medial portion of the lower eyelid in terms of features, form, function, and ease of reconstruction.
Ear Cartilage↗
A simple technique for reconstruction of the umbilicus, using a conchal cartilage composite graft.
A simple technique to reconstruct the umbilicus is reported in which a conchal cartilage composite graft, such as that used in tragus construction in the treatment of microtia, was employed with a very satisfactory result.
Ear Cartilage↗
The use of conchal cartilage graft in involutional entropion.
A simple and stable technique for repairing involutional entropion is described. Through a transconjunctival incision between the lower border of tarsus and the lower lid retractor, the eyelid is divided between the tarsus and the orbicularis oculi muscle into external and internal layers. The internal layer is moved upward until the eyelashes turn outward, and then through-and-through sutures are placed to fix it in this corrected state. The resultant defect between the lower end of the tarsus and the retractor is filled with a conchal cartilage graft. The raw surface of the cartilage is epithelialized from the surrounding mucosa within 1 to 2 weeks without shrinkage. This technique is more stable than any other technique that we have performed.
Aged↗
Secondary correction of the unilateral cleft lip nose using a conchal composite graft.
The secondary deformity of the unilateral cleft lip nose has many components. One is the dorsal dislocation of the lateral crus of the alar cartilage. We used a conchal composite graft positioned between the piriform aperture and the lateral crus and the upper lateral cartilage to correct this dislocation in nine patients. We believe that this graft is effective because it elevates the lateral crus of the alar cartilage off the depressed piriform aperture. This technique is very simple to perform, and it is easy to achieve nasal symmetry. Our results have been quite satisfactory, with no recurrence of dorsal dislocation. The donor site was covered by a subcutaneous pedicled flap from the cephaloauricular sulcus, leaving an inconspicuous deformity.
Adolescent↗
Postoperative lumbar spinal instability occurring or progressing secondary to laminectomy.
The manifestations and pathomechanism of postoperative lumbar spinal instability, occurring or progressing secondary to laminectomy, was clarified by means of functional radiographic analysis in a series of 46 patients over 40 years of age. The relation between instability and the clinical symptoms also is discussed. In patients under 60 years of age, instability at the operated level tended to appear in cases of wide laminectomy more often than in cases of partial laminectomy. Occurrence or progress of instability seems to be promoted by resection of the posterior spinal elements rather than the disc. It is further considered that the postoperative aggravation of clinical symptoms may be influenced not only by instability, but also by the other factors.
Age Factors↗