Effects of ET-Kyoto solution on 20-hour canine lung preservation.
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Analysis of Variance↗
Biomedical subjects
T Hirai
Publications and source records attributed to T Hirai.
[Comparison of duodenogastric reflux (DGR) to esophageal substitute between retro-sternal route and posterior mediastinal route].
To elucidate superiority of route among surgery of esophageal cancer with stomach tube, duodenogastric reflux (DGR) were examined in nine cases of retro-sternal bypass (RS) and 18 cases of posterior mediastinal group (PM) by means of questionnaire of reflux esophagitis, esophageal transit scintigram and 24 hour pH monitoring to those patients. Firstly, in order to readily compare the two groups, each section of reflux symptoms was expressed as a brief score by dividing each symptom into strength (0-3) and frequency (0-3). Mean score of reflux sensation was less in RS than in PM significantly (0.9 vs. 2.9, p < 0.01). The median value showed that patients in PM had much DGR symptoms than those in RS significantly (8.5 vs. 5.5, p < 0.01). In esophageal transit scintigram, TcO4- (85 MBq) was counted by gamma camera at the upper (ROI-1), center (ROI-2), and lower (ROI-3) sites of the sternum bone in the upright position. The descending time of RI peak from ROI-1 to ROI-3 in RS was shorter than PM (2.1 sec vs. 3.9 sec, N.S.). At ROI-2, clearance rate of RI in RS was similar to that in PM. At ROI-3, clearance rate of RI in RS was better than that in PM significantly (80.0% vs. 49.6%, p < 0.05). Scintigram revealed RI stasis in PM, which might be presumably concerned to DGR. Intragastric pH was measured continuously 5 and 15 cm below the esophagogastrostomy using 2-channeled antimony pH sensors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Duodenogastric Reflux↗
The effect of heat shock on immediate post-preservation lung function.
Exposure of animals to transient hyperthermia causes the induction of highly conserved proteins, heat shock proteins (HSPs), which are thought to by cytoprotective against a variety of injuries, including ischemia. We tested the hypothesis that heating donor animals prior to harvest would improve pulmonary preservation. Anaesthetized New Zealand White rabbits underwent radiant heating to 42.5-43.5 degrees C (rectal) 8 h prior to harvest of the lungs. The lungs were harvested without flush and stored for 18 h at 4 degrees C. The left lung were perfused ex vivo with fresh blood for 10 min. Blood gases, pulmonary artery (Ppa) and airway (P(aw) pressures, and wet/dry ratios (W/D) were measured. Control animals were treated identically except without heating. All heated animals had HSP72 at lung harvest and 18 h later, whereas no control had detectable levels of HSP72 at either time. In Experiment 1 (n = 12, VT 20 ml, F1O2 0.21, 30 bpm, PEEP 0.5 cm H2O), PO2 in the heated group was 57.6 +/- 7.3 mmHg (mean +/- SEM) vs. 51.6 +/- 5.7 in the controls (NS). In Experiment 2 (n = 8, VT 15 ml, F1O2 0.21, 35 bpm, PEEP 2 cm H2O), PO2 of the heated group was 63.5 +/- 6.5 vs. 83.1 +/- 9.5 in the controls (NS). Ppa after 10 min was not significantly different in the heated group in Experiment 1 (16.7 +/- 0.9 mmHg vs. 24.2 +/- 3.7 in controls) or in Experiment 2 (19.5 +/- 1.8 vs. 11.3 +/- 2.9 in controls). Wet/dry ratios were not different in either Experiment 1 (6.4 +/- 0.4 vs. 5.8 +/- 0.2 in controls) or Experiment 2 (5.0 +/- 0.2 vs. 5.0 +/- 0.5).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
[The risk factors of lymph node metastasis in submucosal invasive gastric carcinoma--assessment of the indication for endoscopic treatment].
Recent advances in endoscopic diagnosis and treatments have increased the number of early gastric carcinomas being treated by endoscopic resection. However, the appropriate criteria for endoscopic resection of gastric carcinomas with submucosal invasion are not completely established. During the past 12 years from 1980 to 1992, 116 lesions in 116 patients were treated by surgical operation for differentiated type submucosal invasive gastric carcinoma. In this study, the risk factors of lymph node metastasis were investigated clinicopathologically. As the result, 1) Heterogeneity of submucosal invasive tumor margin was demonstrated in 19 (16%) of the 116 lesions of which predominant histology was differentiated adenocarcinoma. 2) Lymph node metastasis was demonstrated in 16 (16%) of the 97 lesions of which histology was differentiated type. 3) Significant risk factors of lymph node metastasis was demonstrated in submucosal massive invasion (sm3), papillary adenocarcinoma, INF gamma, lymph vessel involvement (ly(+)), and existence of ulcer (ul(+)). 4) Sm3 and papillary adenocarcinoma (pap) had a higher malignant potential than ly(+), INF gamma, and ul(+) by multivariate analysis using the logistic regression. 5) All lesions with both well differentiated adenocarcinoma (tub1) and sm minimal invasion (sm1) had no lymph node metastasis. These results suggested that the lesions with both well differentiated adenocarcinoma tub1 and sm1, which have no other risk factors such as ly(+), INF gamma, and ul(+), may be considered as the appropriate indication for endoscopic treatment of gastric submucosal carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
[Trends in geriatric dentistry and the future--from the point of view of masticatory function].
In recent years the number of aged persons in developed countries has been steadily increasing. Tooth loss is a typical age-associated stomatognathic change, and edentulism rates in Japan have been reported to be 30%. Dentures are made to restore oral functions after the natural teeth have been lost. However, there are also many stomatognathic changes associated with aging as well as oral manifestations of systemic diseases which can make the wearing dentures difficult in elderly persons. Some of the more significant changes occur in the structure of the mucosa, the function of the oral musculature, the temporomandibular joint, the taste perception, salivary function and the nervous system. Studies on the variety of physical and psychological dynamics associated with the aging process are necessary to provide the latest treatment modalities for the aged. The mastication and dentition status in elderly persons are suggested to be closely related with many kinds of physiological functions. On the other hand, stomatognathic functions are suggested to be influenced by the health of the entire body. They are supposed to have an interdependent relationship. The maintenance and care of occlusion are essential to guarantee the quality of life for the elderly. In future, the relationship between masticatory function and physical activities, such as physical exercise, blood flow, respiration, endocrine function, reproduction etc. require further investigation.
Aged↗
Effects of newly developed solutions containing trehalose on twenty-hour canine lung preservation.
Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide that stabilizes the cell membrane under various stressful conditions. A previous study demonstrated that trehalose was effective in 12-hour canine lung preservation. We have developed new preservation solutions containing trehalose: an extracellular type ET-Kyoto solution (Na 100 mmol/L, K 44 mmol/L) and an intracellular type IT-Kyoto solution (Na 20 mmol/L, K 130 mmol/L). The composition of these solutions is identical except for the electrolyte content. We examined their efficacy in 20-hour lung preservation. Canine lungs were flushed with ET-Kyoto (group A, n = 6), with IT-Kyoto and prostaglandin E1 (25 micrograms/kg) (group B, n = 6), or with Euro-Collins solution and prostaglandin E1 (25 micrograms/kg) (group C, n = 7), and stored for 20 hours at 4 degrees C. Left lung transplantation was performed and evaluated for up to 130 minutes. The flush time was similar in the three groups. Arterial oxygen tensions (inspired oxygen fraction = 0.5) in group A were uniformly excellent (303.3 +/- 7.0 mm Hg 70 minutes after reperfusion and 303.0 +/- 19.6 mm Hg 130 minutes after reperfusion) and significantly higher than in group B (202.6 +/- 32.0 mm Hg, p < 0.05, and 197.8 +/- 44.0 mm Hg, p = 0.054, respectively) or group C (185.9 +/- 23.0 mm Hg, p < 0.01, and 155.7 +/- 36.3 mm Hg, p < 0.05, respectively). Peak inspiratory pressure in group A was significantly lower than in groups B and C (p < 0.05). Wet/dry weight ratio in group A was significantly lower than in groups B (p < 0.05) and C (p < 0.01). Histologic and scanning electron microscopic examinations showed better preservation in group A than in groups B and C. We conclude that ET-Kyoto is superior to IT-Kyoto and to Euro-Collins solution for 20-hour lung preservation.
Animals↗
[Chondrosarcoma originating in the rib: a case report].
Chondrosarcoma originating in the rib is a rare disease. Although its pathological characteristics are believed to be mild, it is apt to recur and prognosis deteriorates in the absence of appropriate excision. The authors experienced a patient with a chondrosarcoma in the right 6th rib. The patient was a 49-year-old man who visited our hospital with a mass in the right anterior chest wall and chest pain. The patient underwent radical excision of the bony chest wall including the right 5th to 7th ribs. The resulting defect in the chest wall was restored with double-overlapping Marlex mesh. There has been no sign of recurrence to date, 6 years and 1 month postoperatively.
Bone Neoplasms↗
[A case with stereopsis following early surgery for unilateral congenital cataract].
We report a case of stereopsis following early surgery for congenital monocular cataract. The patient was a 3.75-year-old girl who underwent early surgery for congenital monocular cataract at the age of 19 weeks and received an immediate gas-permeable hard contact lens fitting and occlusion therapy consisting of daily patching the sound eye for 6 hours. During the subsequent years, patching was increased to 50% to 80% of the waking day. Three years and two months postoperatively, she showed good visual acuity of 0.7 in the operated eye and also demonstrated stereoacuity of 1200 to 1500 seconds of arc in the Lang Stereotest or the TV-Random Dot Stereo test, duplicatably. From recent reports with excellent results of stereopsis, including this, we conclude that stereopsis is obtainable in patients undergoing congenital monocular cataract extraction by the end of month 2, contact lens fitting with a good compliance, and a progressive regimen of part-time occlusive therapy not to exceed 80% of the waking time.
Cataract↗
[Systemic origin of an aberrant artery to the basal segment of the lung].
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Adult↗
[Meta-analysis of clinical trials against colorectal cancer--report of the First Colorectal Cancer Collaboration Meeting in Oxford].
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Clinical Trials as Topic↗
[Intravascular ultrasound imaging as adjunct to vascular interventions: preliminary experience in patients with atherosclerotic disease].
Catheter-based intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging is new, evolving technique in which a high-frequency transducer is attached to the tip of a catheter. In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of catheter-based IVUS in 11 patients with atherosclerotic disease as an adjunct to PTA or atherectomy. A 30-MHz ultrasound catheter was inserted through a 6 F sheath to obtain real-time and cross-sectional images. The IVUS images demonstrated a three-layered appearance of muscular arteries, intimal thickening and calcification. IVUS was performed in 11 patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (7 patients) or atherectomy (4 patients). The presence of dissection between the media and atheroma was observed after balloon angioplasty, while IVUS imaging demonstrated a smooth wall after atherectomy. There was a good correlation between IVUS and angiography in the quantitative assessment of luminal %diameter stenosis before vascular intervention, but a poor correlation was observed after angioplasty, probably due to the dissections from balloon dilatation that resulted in irregular crescentic pathways with unclear borders to the lumen on angiography. The results of our study illustrate the potential utility of IVUS as an adjunct to transluminal vascular intervention.
Aged↗
Evaluation of pretreatment and follow-up examination with color Doppler flow imaging in arterial occlusive diseases in the pelvis and lower extremity.
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Angioplasty, Balloon↗
[Percutaneous hot water injection therapy (PHoT) for hepatic tumors: a clinical study].
Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) has become widely used in the treatment of HCC. However, the indications for this method are limited by the toxicity of ethanol itself. Against this background, the authors turned their attention to the heat coagulation necrosis effect induced by boiled physiological saline (hot water) and devised percutaneous hot water injection therapy (PHoT) as a new local treatment method. PHoT was performed a total of 41 times in 13 patients (16 nodules) with HCCs measuring < or = 3 cm. Changes in AFP values, CT findings, angiographic findings before and after treatment, and histopathological findings of needle biopsy or resected specimen were investigated. AFP values decreased in all of the seven patients who initially showed high values. On CT, all lesions receiving PHoT became hypodense, with this change thought to indicate necrosis. Disappearance of the tumor stain was confirmed in the four patients in whom follow-up angiography was performed. In the six patients in whom needle biopsy was performed, disappearance and scaring of tumor cells were observed, while in the one patient in whom the tumor was resected, complete necrosis of the tumor was confirmed. PHoT, despite a small number of punctures, shows good anti-tumor effects, and has promise not only as a curative local treatment method for small HCCs but also in combination with TAE for large HCCs.
Aged↗
Structural change of jack bean urease induced by addition of surfactants studied with synchrotron-radiation small-angle X-ray scattering.
Both the quaternary and subunit structures of jack bean urease in solutions with ionic and nonionic surfactants have been studied by small-angle X-ray scattering using a synchrotron-radiation source. The effects of those surfactants on the enzyme activity of urease have also been investigated in the same kind of solvent systems as those used for the scattering experiments. The present results show that the quaternary structure of urease in solution is fairly elongate and that by the relatively minor binding of SDS (SDS/protein = 0.23/1) the native urease molecule is dissociated into six identical subunits with nearly spherical structures. In addition the enzyme activity of urease was mostly retained under every solvent condition investigated, indicating that the subunit found in the present scattering experiments is the fundamental monomeric unit for both the quaternary-structure formation and enzyme function of urease.
Fabaceae↗
[CO2US via an implantable port--drug distribution in intraarterial chemotherapy for hepatic tumors and evaluation of effect].
The distribution of blood flow was determined from the distribution of CO2 by US performed during the infusion of CO2 microbubbles via an implantable port (IP-CO2US) in intraarterial chemotherapy for hepatic tumor, and the usefulness of this method in determining tumor vascularity and evaluating the effects of therapy was investigated. A total of 16 patients, 12 of whom had metastatic liver tumor, two hepatocellular carcinoma, one gall bladder carcinoma, and one cholangiocellular carcinoma were studied. The enhanced areas in the liver in 16 patients in whom IP-CO2US was performed a total of 24 times were consistent in all cases with the enhanced areas demonstrated by IP-RI angiography performed a total of 10 times within 10 days, and were also consistent with one exception with the enhanced areas demonstrated by IP-CTA performed 14 times. The tumor detection rate was markedly higher with IP-CO2US than with plain US or IP-DSA, and was similar to that of IP-CTA. Evaluation of the vascularity of individual nodules by IP-CO2US surpassed that by IP-DSA, and was similar to that of IP-CTA. It was demonstrated that blood flow distribution (intrahepatic drug distribution) can be equally well grasped with IP-CO2US, which is a simple and convenient method, as with IP-RI angiography. It was also suggested that IP-CO2US is useful in the evaluation of tumor vascularity and the effect of therapy.
Antineoplastic Agents↗
Immunohistochemical analysis of rat liver using a monoclonal antibody (HAM8) against gap junction.
Four monoclonal antibodies were raised against crude gap junction fractions of rat liver to clarify the distribution of gap junctions during animal development and to analyze gap junction expression in vivo and the polarity of hepatocytes in vitro. Among the monoclonal antibodies obtained, HAM8 antibody recognized the 27-kDa rat liver gap junction protein connexin 32. This antibody recognized gap junctions at the contiguous faces of hepatocytes, and the antigen was also observed in exocrine pancreas and salivary gland but not in kidney, heart, esophagus, or thymus. HAM8 did not react with amphibian or fish liver, heart, esophagus, stomach, or intestine as assessed via the immunofluorescence method on frozen sections. A few hepatocytes and many hemopoietic cells were seen in rat fetal liver at 15 days of gestation. HAM8 antigen was expressed on some hepatocytes but not on any hemopoietic cells. As the fetus grew, the number of hepatocytes in the liver increased gradually, together with the amount of HAM8 antigen. The distribution of HAM8 antigen at 25 days after birth was similar to that in adult liver. When the expression of HAM8 antigen was examined in primary cultured hepatocytes using the immunofluorescence method, the antigen was observed clearly between the hepatocytes. However, most of the HAM8 antigen on the free surface of hepatocytes disappeared within 4 hr. HAM8 antigen was not expressed on AH-7974 rat hepatoma cells when they formed small islets in the rat peritoneal cavity or within the liver. When HAM8 IgG antibody was injected intravenously, the HAM8 signal was expressed in the liver.
Animals↗
Cronkhite-Canada syndrome associated with colon cancer: report of a case.
A 68-year-old man with the clinical features of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome developed cancer of the ascending colon. Although Cronkhite-Canada syndrome has always been considered a benign condition, it may be a premalignant disorder, as suggested by the clinical course of the patient whose case is described herein.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
Importance of ischemic preconditioning and collateral circulation for left ventricular functional recovery in patients with successful intracoronary thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction.
We studied the effects of myocardial ischemic preconditioning and preexistent collateral circulation on the preservation of left ventricular function in 30 patients who had successful intracoronary thrombolysis within 6 hours after the onset of a first acute anterior myocardial infarction. The existence of ischemic preconditioning was defined as the episode of recurrent ischemic chest pain within 4 hours before the onset of acute myocardial infarction. In 16 patients with ischemic preconditioning (group A), the left ventricular ejection fraction during the convalescence of myocardial infarction was 57% +/- 11% (mean +/- SD); regional wall motion in the infarct area was 13% +/- 9%. In 14 patients without ischemic preconditioning (group B), the left ventricular ejection fraction and regional wall motion in the infarct area were 46% +/- 9% and 5% +/- 9% (both p < 0.05 vs group A). Moreover, among group A patients, seven patients having a well-developed collateral circulation during the acute stage of myocardial infarction showed a more prominent improvement in regional wall motion in the infarct area compared with nine patients having poor or no collateral circulation (18% +/- 8% vs 9% +/- 7%, p < 0.05). These data indicate that ischemic preconditioning is effective for the preservation of left ventricular function in patients with successful intracoronary thrombolysis and that preexistent coronary collateral circulation potentiates this favorable effect of ischemic preconditioning.
Adult↗