[A case of hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer and adrenocortical cancer showing positive immunohistochemical staining of PIVKA-II on adrenocortical tissue].
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Biomedical subjects
T Hirai
Publications and source records attributed to T Hirai.
The Comprehensive Assessment List for Affective Disorders (COALA): a polydiagnostic, comprehensive, and serial semistructured interview system for affective and related disorders.
This supplement describes the development and structure of the Comprehensive Assessment List of Affective Disorders (COALA) system, which was recently developed for a collaborative follow-up study of a broad spectrum of affective disorders in Japan and which consists of a series of semistructured interviews for affective and related disorders. The COALA distinguishes itself from the extant semistructured interviews by being able to provide polydiagnostic, comprehensive and serial assessments. It is polydiagnostic because it derives diagnoses according to 29 historical and modern diagnostic systems through computer algorithms. It is comprehensive because it not only depicts the symptoms profile and rates their severity according to various endogenicity indices and severity rating scales but also measures, in the psychosocial domain, the life events and their characteristics. In addition, it has sections for past illnesses and family history. It is serial because the system includes follow-up semistructured interviews that can be administered monthly and that monitor changes in the psychopathological and psychosocial features. The theoretical underpinnings of the COALA system, especially its polydiagnostic approach to a broad spectrum of affective disorders and its treatment of psychosocial factors, are discussed in view of recent proposals for the future nosological research. The findings of the interrater reliability study (n = 107) are also presented, with satisfactory to excellent results for almost all of the psychopathological and psychosocial variables, all of the composite severity ratings and most of the polydiagnostic evaluations.
Female↗
[Clinical effects of FUT-187 in reflux esophagitis after gastrectomy].
FUT-187 was orally administered to 38 patients with postgastrectomy reflux esophagitis for 4 weeks. The drug reduced the chief subjective symptoms of reflux esophagitis, such as heartburn, chest pain, precordial pain, and dysphagia for solids in 78.1% of patients. Redness, edema and erosion were also reduced in 53.3% of patients as determined endoscopically. Overall, FUT-187 exhibited an excellent therapeutic effect on the reflux esophagitis which was refractory to conventional treatments.
Administration, Oral↗
[A case of multiple cerebral arteriovenous malformations treated by gamma knife radiosurgery].
We reported a case of multiple cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) treated by gamma knife radiosurgery. A 6-year-old girl was admitted because of systemic tonic convulsion. At the first admission, we performed only vertebral angiography, which showed a 15 mm cerebral AVM. It was fed by the right posterior cerebral artery and drained into the great vein of Galen. Seven years after the first admission, the patient returned again with severe headache. Four-vessel cerebral angiograms showed another 7 mm AVM fed by the left frontopolar artery. We treated both cerebral AVMs bv gamma knife radiosurgery. Follow-up angiograms performed 2 years after radiosurgery confirmed the disappearance of both AVMs. We then discuss treatment of multiple cerebral AVMs.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
[Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the ilio-femoro-popliteal arteries: initial and long-term results].
The initial and long-term results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) were assessed in 254 atherosclerotic lesions of the ilio-femoro-popliteal arteries in 130 patients. There were 122 men and 8 women, aged 36-85 years (average, 68 years). Follow-up periods ranged from 1 to 131 months, with a mean of 42 months. PTA was performed in 6 patients in Fontaine's stage I, 112 patients in stage II, and 12 patients in stage III-IV. We reported initial success rates of 92%, 58%, 83% and 74% for iliac stenosis, occlusion, femoro-popliteal stenosis and occlusion, respectively. Overall, the initial success rate was 82% (203/247). The 5-year patency rates according to Kaplan-Meier analysis were 70%, 69% and 63% for iliac stenosis, occlusion and femoro-popliteal stenosis, respectively. In femoro-popliteal occlusion, the 1-year patency rate was 42%, which was significantly worse than that for stenosis (P < 0.01). The longest patency periods obtained were 131 months in the iliac artery, and 106 months in the femoro-popliteal artery. The recurrence rate within 6 months was significantly higher in patients with diabetes. The recurrence rate between 6 and 12 months was significantly higher in patients with poor run-off, and those of advanced age.
Adult↗
[Transluminal atherectomy for occlusive peripheral vascular disease: preliminary results].
We studied the preliminary results of atherectomy of atherosclerotic lesions involving the lower extremities in 10 patients. Fifteen arterial stenotic lesions, five iliac, eight superficial femoral, one popliteal, and one anterior tibial, were treated. Five lesions were re-stenoses after balloon angioplasty, while the remaining lesions were previously untreated primary stenoses. For atherectomy, over-the-wire atherectomy catheters ranging in size from 7 to 10-F were used. Balloon angioplasty was also performed in cases 3, 6 and 9. Atherectomy was considered a success in all patients based on angiographic and clinical criteria. Complications occurred in three patients: intimal dissection, distal embolism and arterial spasm. In the patients with distal embolism, a surgical approach was required to remove the embolus. The internal elastic lamina or media was resected in 10 lesions on the histopathologic specimens. Although further assessment of complications and long-term results is required, these results suggest that atherectomy is useful for treating occlusive peripheral vascular disease.
Aged↗
Structural analysis of the chloroplastic and cytoplasmic aldolase-encoding genes implicated the occurrence of multiple loci in rice.
The genes AldP and AldC-a, encoding the rice chloroplastic (cp) and cytoplasmic (ct) types of aldolase, respectively, were isolated and sequenced, and their transcription start points (tsp) were determined. Organization of the two genes was found to differ greatly; AldP consisted of six exons while AldC-a consisted of two exons. The deduced amino acid (aa) sequence of AldP contained a cp stromal targeting signal, followed by a sequence that matches the experimentally determined N-terminal sequence of mature AldP. The two enzymes share only 55% aa identity. However, rice AldP had about 73% homology with the cp aldolase of spinach. Also, the homology of AldC-a with maize, spinach and Arabidopsis thaliana cytoplasmic aldolases ranged from 70 to 90%. Southern blot analyses indicated that AldP is encoded at a single locus, whereas the gene encoding the ct counterpart is distributed at three loci on the genome. This feature is quite different from those of maize and spinach, in which only one locus was found for the ct aldolase.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
[Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the subclavian arteries].
We studied the complications and long-term results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of subclavian artery stenosis in 11 patients. In all patients but one, the systolic blood pressure before PTA in the arm on the involved side was at least 30 mmHg lower than that in the opposite arm. PTA of 11 left subclavian arteries and one right subclavian artery was attempted. Five of the patients suffered from symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency as well as ischemia of the upper limb, two had only cerebral symptoms, two had only ischemia of the upper limb, and another had no symptoms related subclavian arterial lesion. Standard techniques for PTA were employed, using the femoral route eight times and the axillary route four times. Angioplasty was successful in 11 lesions (92%). In the successfully treated patients, the blood pressure in the ipsilateral arm was significantly increased after PTA. No complications occurred during or after the procedure. The patients were followed for 2-74 months (mean 25.7 months). During this time, no recurrence of the stenosis was observed, although the symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency did not always improve. These results suggest that PTA is useful for treating subclavian artery stenosis.
Adult↗
Changes of some serum parameters and amino acids content in rats after chronic sublethal doses of dimethoate.
An intraperitoneal repeated dose of dimethoate (O,O-dimethyl S-[N-methylcarbamoyl methyl] phosphorodithioate) was injected to male Wistar rats for 8 successive days. Body weight and liver weight decreased significantly while liver/body weight ratio and mg protein/g liver remained unchanged. Twenty serum amino acids were assayed in blood samples collected from hepatic vein, portal vein, and aorta. Most of the measured amino acids showed a tendency of decrease compared to control. The decrease was significant only for taurine, serine, threonine, methionine, tyrosine, histidine, and arginine but not for the rest of the amino acids measured. Glucose, 3-hydroxybutyrate, urea, ammonia, and lactate were measured in the same serum samples. These serum parameters showed a tendency of decrease (except urea) of them from control but the decrease was not significant.
3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
The inhibitory effect caused by suramin on the paracrine growth of human cancer cells and fibroblasts.
The growth interactions between human cancer cells and primary cultured human fibroblasts, and the effects of suramin on them, were investigated using a double-chamber technique combined with a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Human fibroblasts obtained from various organs resected surgically were cultured in a monolayer and used after the third or fourth passage. In the double-chamber assay, the growth of cancer cells in the top chamber was significantly stimulated by some types of fibroblasts in the bottom chamber in a fibroblast density-dependent manner. Interestingly, the growth of cancer cells was stimulated at 140%-147% by fibroblasts obtained from an organ where cancer cells had developed, the MCF-7 versus mammary fibroblasts, and in LS-180 versus colonic fibroblasts, but not by their fibroblast-conditioned medium. Suramin completely inhibited the growth-enhancing interaction between MCF-7 and mammary fibroblasts, and between SH-101 and lung fibroblasts at a clinical concentration of from 50 micrograms/ml to 300 micrograms/ml. It also reduced the growth of LS-180 co-cultured with colon-fibroblasts, but the inhibitory effect was incomplete. These results suggest that mutual growth reliance exists between human cancer cells and primary cultured fibroblasts by diffusible factors secreted by both cells, and that these enhancing effects are related in part to the growth and metastasis of cancer cells in vivo. Suramin was found to have an inhibitory effect on their interaction at a clinically achievable concentration in vitro.
Cell Division↗
A short course of FK506 can induce limited donor-specific graft acceptance.
To examine the hypothesis that a short course of FK506 would induce permanent graft acceptance after lung transplantation, left lung allotransplantation was performed in 14 mongrel dogs. In group 1 (control; n = 3), no immunosuppressive agent was given. In group 2 (n = 7), FK506 (1.2 mg/kg intramuscularly) was given on posttransplantation days 0, 1, and 2. In group 3 (n = 4), FK506 was given at the same dose on posttransplantation days 0, 1, and 2 as well as on days 29 and 30. Allograft function was evaluated by temporarily occluding the right pulmonary artery. A mixed lymphocyte reaction study was performed preoperatively and monthly thereafter. Control lungs were all rejected within 8 days. Group 2 dogs showed improved survival, with a median survival of 49.5 days. One dog in group 2 lived more than 400 days after transplantation. The mixed lymphocyte reaction data suggests that some donor-specific unresponsiveness occurs, which lasts for only a limited time. Supplemental doses of FK506 did not significantly improve survival (median, 74 days). The whole blood level of FK506 was 17.7 +/- 3.98 ng/mL on day 15; however, on day 29 the FK506 level was almost undetectable. We conclude that a 3-day course of 1.2 mg/kg of FK506 can induce donor-specific graft acceptance, but this acceptance is not permanent.
Animals↗
Presence of the same transcript of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) genes in the porcine anterior and intermediate pituitary lobes.
The existence of heterogeneous molecular species of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) has been reported and it has been inferred that this explains the distinct release patterns of POMC-derived peptide hormones by the anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland. The aim of this study was to determine the nucleotide sequences of porcine pituitary anterior and intermediate lobar POMC from animals of the same strain. The POMC cDNAs were obtained using immunoscreening (anterior lobe) and the polymerase chain reaction (intermediate lobe), and their nucleotide sequences determined. Comparisons of the coding and the 5'-untranslated regions of the two POMCs demonstrated that their nucleotide sequences were identical and Northern blot analysis showed that both mRNAs were the same length. Therefore, the results of this study confirm that the same POMC transcript is present in both the anterior and intermediate pituitary lobes. The differences between the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of porcine POMC found hitherto may be attributable to strain differences. Comparisons of porcine and several vertebrate POMCs revealed highly conserved amino acid sequences in the regions corresponding to the peptide hormones, but the regions between them show considerable evolutionary divergence.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Usefulness of narrow pedicled intercostal cutaneous perforator flap for coverage of the burned hand.
A narrow pedicled intercostal cutaneous perforator (np-ICP) flap is used for reconstruction of hand scar contractures after burns. This flap is designed with a narrow pedicle which includes some intercostal cutaneous perforators of 4-7th intercostal spaces, and with a wide distal area which lies over the costal cage and upper abdomen. Additionally the flap is thinned until only the subdermal vascular network is preserved in most of the wide distal area. It seems that this flap is more useful, not only functionally but also aesthetically, than conventional methods. This report describes the technique and concept, with a demonstration of some clinical examples.
Adult↗
Constructing a protein mutant database.
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
Hypertrophic olivary degeneration: MR imaging and pathologic findings.
PURPOSE: To assess magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) due to hemorrhage and correlate them with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR imaging was performed in 11 patients--eight with pontine tegmental hemorrhages (THs) and three with cerebellar hemorrhages in the dentate nuclei. The interval from hemorrhagic ictus to the MR studies was 3 weeks to 49 months. Pathologic specimens came from a woman who died of brain stem hemorrhage. RESULTS: Involvement of the central tegmental tract produced ipsilateral HOD; that of the dentate nucleus or superior cerebellar peduncle produced contralateral HOD. Bilateral olivary changes occurred only when the TH also involved the superior cerebellar peduncle. In bilateral THs, HOD was limited to the dominant bleeding side because of the lateral position of the central tegmental tract. Hyperintense areas of the oliva appeared 3 weeks after ictus. Hypertrophy appeared after 5-15 months. Microscopically, vacuolar degeneration of neurons and hypertrophy of astrocytes with gliosis were seen. CONCLUSION: MR images may depict very early neuronal changes in the oliva and are well correlated with pathologic staging.
Adult↗
Effects of NO synthase inhibition on the muscular blood flow response to treadmill exercise in rats.
The functional role of nitric oxide (NO) release in regulating blood flow (BF) to exercising skeletal muscle was studied in conscious male Sprague-Dawley rats (603 +/- 28 g; n = 6). In this study, BF was measured using radiolabeled microspheres during treadmill exercise (10% grade, 20 m/min) before and after NO synthase (NOS) inhibition with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (30 mg/kg ia). After NOS inhibition, mean arterial blood pressure increased from resting baseline values and the duration of vasodilator responses to acetylcholine (ACh) injections (3.0 and 10.0 micrograms/kg ia) was diminished (P < 0.05), demonstrating reduced NOS function. During exercise, BF to the kidneys and organs of the gut was reduced after NOS inhibition. In addition, BF was reduced in 16 of the 28 individual hindquarter muscles or muscle parts. Moreover these reductions in BF were linearly correlated with the estimated sum of the percentage of fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic (FOG) and slow-twitch oxidative (SO) types of fibers found in each muscle [delta BF = -1.1 (%SO + %FOG) + 16.4; r = 0.88, P < 0.001]. These results suggest that NO-mediated vasodilation contributes to the BF responses within and among the muscles of the rat's hindquarters during exercise.
Acetylcholine↗
[Highly sensitive analytical procedure for methotrexate and its main metabolite 7-hydroxymethotrexate in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography].
Recently, methotrexate (MTX) low dose therapy (5-10 mg/m2) has been used for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Hence a practical and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of MTX and its main metabolite 7-hydroxymethotrexate (7-OH-MTX) in human serum has been studied. After deproteinization with perchloric acid followed by the addition of pH 5.0 acetate buffer, the serum sample was purified by solid-phase extraction on a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge. The analyte was chromatographed on a reversed-phase Inertsil ODS-2 column using a phosphate buffer-acetonitrile at pH 3.0 system as the mobile phase, and the effluent from the column was monitored at 303 nm. Gradient elution was employed to increase the sensitivity for 7-OH-MTX. A good linear relationship between peak height and concentration was found for the two compounds in the range 2.5 to 100 ng/ml of the human serum, and the detection limits were about 1 ng/ml for the two compounds. The day-to-day coefficients of variation assay were 2.3% (20 ng/ml) and 4.4% (100 ng/ml) for MTX and 4.6% (20 ng/ml) for 7-OH-MTX. The present method was successfully applied to the analysis of the serum after a single oral administration of MTX 2.5 mg tablet to male dogs. MTX was rapidly absorbed, reached to the maximal level at about 1.4 h and thereafter decreased monoexponentially with a half-life of about 1.4 h. A metabolite, 7-OH-MTX was not detected in the serum up to 24 h post dose.
Administration, Oral↗
Atherectomy for treatment and histopathologic verification of fibromuscular dysplasia.
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Adult↗