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Biomedical subjects

T Hara

Publications and source records attributed to T Hara.

At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Oxandrolone and plasma triglyceride reduction: effect on triglyceride-rich and high density lipoproteins.

Oxandrolone, an anabolic androgenic steroid, has been shown repeatedly to lower plasma triglycerides in hypertriglyceridemic patients. This study was performed to determine which of seven subfractions of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are affected by the action of oxandrolone with respect to both their plasma levels and composition. Concurrently, we have determined the levels and composition of HDL subfractions and the plasma levels of the major HDL apoprotein, apoA-I. Oxandrolone was administered to two hypertriglyceridemic subjects, one with type III and one with type V hyperlipoproteinemia until plasma triglycerides were below the target level of 270 mg/dl. Two months and two weeks were required for the type III and type V patients, respectively. In both subjects, the treatment caused a reduction in the plasma levels of all seven subclasses of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins without altering their overall composition. LDL were at least temporarily increased. The reduction of VLDL subfractions caused by oxandrolone was accompanied by a progressive and consistent effect on HDL subfractions in both hypertriglyceridemic subjects; in the type III patient, oxandrolone reduced HDL2 from low pretreatment levels further until they became undetectable. The type V subject had no detectable HDL2 levels prior to treatment. In both subjects, oxandrolone lowered the levels of HDL3. This lowering effect was caused by a preferential reduction of the less dense, major HDL3 subfraction, i.e. HDL3L, causing the denser, smaller HDL3 subfraction, HDL3D, to become the predominant HDL class. The lowering of HDL levels was reflected by a decrease in the plasma levels of the major HDL apoprotein, apoA-I. This first report on the simultaneous reduction of VLDL and the larger, less dense HDL subclasses suggest that oxandrolone lowers plasma triglycerides by a mechanism other than increased lipolysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Synthesis and immunological activity of 5,6,6a,8,9,11a-hexahydronaphth[1',2':4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles and 5,6,6a,9,10,11a-hexahydroanaphth[2',1':4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles.

A series of 5,6,6a,8,9,11a-hexahydroanaphth[1',2':4,5]imidazo[2,q-b]thiazoles (17 and 20) and 5,6,6a,9,10,11a-hexahydronaphth[2',1':4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles has been synthesized with cis- and/or trans-1,2-diamino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenes as the key intermediates and subsequently evaluated for immunological activity (effects on antibody formation and delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction). Among the compounds tested trans-5,6,6a,8,9,11a-hexahydronaphth[1',2':4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole (trans-17a) and (+/-)-5,6,6a beta,8,9,11a alpha-hexahydro-8 beta-hydroxy-9 beta-methyl-8 alpha-phenylnaphth[1',2':4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole (20a) showed the largest immunological activity in mice with a magnitude comparable to that of levamisole and were found to be considerably less toxic than levamisole in acute toxicological study. The structures of 18a and 20a were determined by X-ray crystallography.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1980

Retinochrome and rhodopsin in the extraocular photoreceptor of the squid, Todarodes.

The deep-sea squid, Todarodes pacificus, possesses well-developed parolfactory vesicles as extraocular photoreceptors connected with the brain. The ventral set of vesicles forms a thread approximately 3mm long and looks orange owing to photopigments. The vesicle mainly consists of receptor cells, each of which is similar in structure to the visual cell, carrying rhabdomeres in the distal process and lamellated myeloid bodies in the proximal part. Recently we noticed that a crude extract of the vesicles is capable of isomerizing retinal from all-trans to the 11-cis form in the light, and confirmed that the vesicles in fact contained retinochrome in addition to rhodopsin. This is the first time that retinochrome has been detected in any place other than ocular tissues. The optical and chemical nature of these photopigments is the same as that we have observed in the Todarodes retina. Quantitative extractions have shown that the total yield of photopigments is approximately 0.0006 in absorbance at lambda max (light path, 10 mm) per milliliter per thread of vesicles, and that the amount of retinochrome in the vesicles is roughly equivalent to that of rhodopsin. Whereas rhodopsin is located in the rhabdomal membranes, retinochrome is probably associated with lamellated structures and their derivatives in the cytoplasm. In the parolfactory vesicles, retinochrome may also cooperate with rhodopsin in the same way as has been discussed for retinal photoreception.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effects of CS-386 and diazepam upon the gastric contraction and excitation of lumbar gamma-motoneurons following stimulation of the hypothalamus in the cat.

Effects of a new minor tranquilizer, CS-386 and diazepam were studied upon the gastric contraction and excitation of lumbar gamma-motoneurons following stimulation of some of the brain structures as well as upon the spontaneous gastric motility in the cat. CS-386 inhibited the hypothalamus-induced gastric contraction with little changes in spontaneous motility at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg (i.d.). Diazepam inhibited both the hypothalamus-induced contraction and spontaneous motility at these doses. The vagal nerve-induced gastric contraction was suppressed by diazepam (5 mg/kg, i.d.) but not by the same dose of CS-386. Bemegride (5 mg/kg, i.v.) antagonized almost completely the depression caused by 5 mg/kg of CS-386, but not that by a dose of 10 mg/kg or 5 as well as 10 mg/kg of diazepam. Excitation of the lumbar gamma-motoneuron following stimulation of the posterior hypothalamus or the mesencephalic reticular formation was depressed by CS-386 or diazepam (10 mg/kg, p.o.), but not by lower doses. Based on the these evidences, it was suggested that CS-386 could be effective in stress-induced gastric lesions with lower side effects in digestive organs than diazepam.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Surgical treatment for cerebral metastasis of choriocarcinoma (author's transl)].

1. The findings of 30 cases of cerebral metastasis of choriocarcinoma on autopsy were analysed in relation to their localization, depth, and number, and it was proven that the cerebral metastasis was neurosurgically resectable in most cases. 2. Thirty-five cases of choriocarcinoma with cerebral metastasis were treated at Nagoya University Hospital. Twenty-four out of 26 cases treated by chemotherapy alone died within 2 months after the manifestation of cerebral metastasis. Whereas 6 out of 9 patients treated by chemotherapy and surgery survived for over 2 months. Four cases among them survived over 6 months. The lifesaving effects of surgery were marked in this group. 3. Surgery was thought to be especially effective on those patients satisfying the following 3 conditions: I) Degree of brain damage is not severe. II) The lesion is localized at removable site, and the post-operative sequela is anticipated to be insignificant. III) The chemotherapy was not proven to be ineffective. 4. Cerebral metastasis of choriocarcinoma should be treated as follows. If symptoms of increased intracranial pressure are present, removal of tumor or, at least, decompression should be immediately performed. Multi-drug chemotherapy and whole-brain irradiation should be started within several days after surgery. If symptoms are not present, chemotherapy combined with irradiation is the first treatment of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Target-cell cytotoxicity of a hybrid of Fab' on immunoglobulin and A-chain of ricin.

As an approach to the development of new antitumor agents, a hybrid in which one molecule of the Fab' fragment of a rabbit anti-murine leukemia L1210 immunoglobulin G (IgG) was linked to the A-chain of ricin via a disulfide bone was prepared by the reaction of A-chain having one reactive thiol group with Fab' having one activated cysteine residue, followed by chromatography on Sephadex G-150 superfine. The hybrid exhibited a potent cytotoxicity towards L1210, whereas unconjugated Fab', unconjugated A-chain, or an equimolar mixture of the two showed no significant cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the hybrid with Fab' of normal IgG had no cytotoxicity towards L1210 cells. The results indicate that the hybrid manifests its toxic activity towards the target cells through binding of its Fab' moiety of cell surface antigens.

Animals↗