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Biomedical subjects

T Gundersen

Publications and source records attributed to T Gundersen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Treatment of acute gonococcal urethritis in men with simultaneous infection with Chlamydia trachomatis.

Each of 201 men with symptoms and signs of acute urethritis was randomly assigned to one of two treatment regimens: ampicillin (2g) plus probenecid (1g), or sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMX-TMP) (sulphamethoxazole 1600 mg plus trimethoprim 320 mg) four tablets twice daily for two days. Before treatment Neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated from 162 patients, while coexistent Chlamydia trachomatis was recovered from 42 (26%) men. After treatment N gonorrhoeae persisted in 11 (14.3%) of the 77 patients treated with ampicillin and probenecid and in three (3.5%) of the 85 treated with SMX-TMP (p less than 0.05), while C trachomatis persisted in four (16%) of the 25 men treated with SMX-TMP and in all 17 patients treated with ampicillin and probenecid. SMX-TMP was thus more effective than ampicillin in treating acute gonorrhoea in men and in eradicating concurrent C trachomatis infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Extracochlear electrical stimulation.

Extracochlear electrical stimulation was carried out in 7 patients. We used square-wave signals. Electrode positions at the oval and round window showed the lowest current thresholds. The threshold of sound sensations elicited by electrical stimulation was higher in the high frequency than in the low frequency range. All 7 patients had hearing sensations for electrical stimulation with frequencies from 75 Hz to 1 000 Hz, 4 of them to 3 000 Hz. Varying the frequency of the electric signals gave variations of pitch sensation. A higher input amplitude gave variation in pitch sensation in some patients even if the electric frequency remained constant, at least for frequencies below 500 Hz. It seems possible to give prosodic information by transforming the speech from a microphone into electric pulses. This may be especially valuable information of the intelligibility of speech when combined with lip reading.

Auditory Threshold↗
PubMed1983

Successful management of severe congestive cardiac failure with enalapril.

The new angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril (MK-421) was administered to a patient with severe congestive cardiac failure. Dramatic and sustained symptomatic and hemodynamic improvement is reported. The possible clinical significance of this agent's favorable profile is briefly discussed.

Dipeptides↗
PubMed1983

Long-term effect of beta-blockade with timolol on maximal work capacity following myocardial infarction.

In a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial 74 patients surviving a myocardial infarction (MI) were stress tested three and twelve months following MI. Thirty-eight patients received the beta blocking agent timolol and 36 patients received placebo. There was no significant difference in the mean total exercise capacity of the two groups. Most of the patients treated with timolol discontinued the exercise test because of exhaustion, but the placebo treated patients usually stopped the test because of chest pain, exhaustion or a fall in blood pressure. Patients treated with timolol had significantly less increase in heart rate, systolic blood pressure and rate-pressure product during exercise compared to placebo. We conclude that beta-blockade with timolol after MI does not affect work capacity, but timolol-treated patients perform the same work with a lower rate-pressure product.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Influence of heart size on mortality and reinfarction in patients treated with timolol after myocardial infarction.

The influence of heart size on the effect of long term timolol treatment with regard to mortality and reinfarction after myocardial infarction was examined among 1881 patients randomised to either active or placebo treatment. The patients were followed for 12 to 33 months. At the baseline, heart size was determined by x-ray film in two projections: 1199 patients had normal heart size, 262 had borderline heart size, and 420 had enlarged hearts. The incidence of total cardiac death was three times greater in patients with enlarged hearts compared with patients with normal size hearts. The incidence of non-fatal reinfarctions, however, was independent of heart size at baseline. The timolol related reduction of total cardiac death compared with placebo was 40.7% in patients with normal heart size, 47.8% in patients with borderline heart size, and 38.2% in patients with enlarged hearts at baseline (intention to treat approach). The reduction of first non-fatal reinfarctions in the timolol group compared with placebo was, respectively, 31.7%, 41.2%, and 25.9%. Thus, timolol treatment appears to reduce cardiac death and non-fatal reinfarctions after myocardial infarction independent of heart size at baseline. Timolol treatment may be of special importance in patients with cardiomegaly, because of the very high incidence of cardiac mortality in this group of patients, and consequently a larger number of cardiac deaths may be prevented.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1983

Hearing acuity in a Norwegian standard population.

The hearing acuity in stratified age groups of men and women from 20 to 80 years were examined in a Norwegian county. The test subjects were randomly sampled to constitute a standard population. Of the 2343 people invited, 1474 attended. Of those who did not attend, 424 completed and returned a questionnaire. Mean pure-tone thresholds for both ears combined are presented for each sex separately and are given both as audiogram curves and numerically in tabular form. The most remarkable observation is a marked dip at 6 kHz in both sexes, even in the youngest examined age groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Sustained haemodynamic effects of enalapril in left ventricular failure.

Enalapril, a novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, was given orally to 12 patients with chronic heart failure (NYHA functional class III and VI) and cardiomegaly. Heart rate, systemic arterial blood pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, right and left ventricular filling pressures and cardiac index were monitored during dose efficacy titration. The optimal dose averaged 17 mg given once-daily. All patients were recatheterized three months later. After stabilization of cardiac filling pressures, all patients had left ventricular filling pressures in excess of 18 mmHg. Enalapril increased cardiac index acutely by 34% but at 12 weeks follow-up, cardiac index was not different from control levels. Left ventricular filling pressure was reduced acutely by 36% and by 41% at three months. Heart rate, systemic arterial and right atrial pressures and plasma concentrations of aldosterone were reduced during the observation period. Renin was markedly elevated. These changes were accompanied by marked and sustained clinical improvement and subjective well-being.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Timolol-related reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients ages 65-75 years surviving acute myocardial infarction. Prepared for the Norwegian Multicentre Study Group.

Long-term treatment with timolol in patients ages 65--75 years who survived myocardial infarction was related to a significant reduction, compared with placebo, in overall mortality (p less than 0.05), total cardiac death (p less than 0.01), sudden death (p less than 0.05) and reinfarction (p less than 0.01). The analyses were based on 732 patients (384 taking placebo and 348 timolol) from a cohort of 1884 patients in the Norwegian multicenter timolol study. The dosage of timolol was 10 mg twice daily and the patients were followed for 12--33 months (mean 17 months). There were 83 deaths in the placebo group and 52 deaths in the timolol group, a reduction of 35.5%. There were 69 initial reinfarctions in the placebo group and 38 in the timolol group, a reduction of 39.2%. There was no difference in the reduction of mortality and reinfarction between patients 65--75 years of age and patients less than 65 years of age. The incidence of side effects, the number of withdrawals and the reasons for withdrawal were similar in older and younger patients. We conclude that age should not be a decision-making factor concerning timolol therapy in postinfarct patients.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

Secondary prevention of myocardial infarction in the elderly.

A double-blind randomized Norwegian multi-centre study was carried out to compare the effect of timolol (10 mg twice daily) with that of placebo in patients, age between 20 and 75 years, surviving acute myocardial infarction. The patients were followed for 12 to 33 months (mean 17 months). There was a significant reduction in mortality and re-infarction in the patients treated with timolol. Results from the age group 65 to 75 years are analyzed in more detail in this study. Of the 1884 patients included in the main trial, 732 were between 65 and 75 years of age (348 taking timolol and 384 placebo). When analyzing all randomized patients in this elderly group, there were 83 deaths in the placebo group and 52 deaths in the timolol group (p = 0.03). During treatment or within 28 days of withdrawal, there were 62 deaths in the placebo group and 36 in the timolol group (p = 0.07). There were 69 first re-infarctions in the placebo group and 33 in the timolol group (p = 0.004). It is concluded that long-term treatment with timolol in patients aged 65 to 75 years surviving acute myocardial infarction reduces mortality and the rate of re-infarction.

Adult↗